{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T23:21:58Z","timestamp":1787613718366,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":75,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the \"Tianshan Talents Cultivation Program\"Technology and Innovation Leading Talents Project","award":["2023TSYCLJ0039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TSYCLJ0039"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-56434-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T23:07:47Z","timestamp":1781132867000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrative single-cell and spatial transcriptomics with machine learning identify a Luminal-inflam malignant program and reveal an RPN1\u2013PERK UPR vulnerability in triple-negative breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jinpeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"56434_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/s41523-022-00468-0","volume":"8","author":"P Zagami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zagami, P. & Carey, L. A. Triple negative breast cancer: Pitfalls and progress. npj Breast Cancer 8(1), 95 (2022).","journal-title":"npj Breast Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"56434_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.09.019","volume":"32","author":"A Gennari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gennari, A. et al. ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for the diagnosis, staging and treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Ann. Oncol. 32(12), 1475\u20131495 (2021).","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"56434_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-022-02926-x","volume":"191","author":"D Courtney","year":"2022","unstructured":"Courtney, D. et al. Breast cancer recurrence: Factors impacting occurrence and survival. Ir. J. Med. Sci. 191(6), 2501\u20132510 (2022).","journal-title":"Ir. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"15 Pt 1","key":"56434_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4429","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-3045","volume":"13","author":"R Dent","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dent, R. et al. Triple-negative breast cancer: Clinical features and patterns of recurrence. Clin. Cancer Res. 13(15 Pt 1), 4429\u20134434 (2007).","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"6797","key":"56434_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/35021093","volume":"406","author":"CM Perou","year":"2000","unstructured":"Perou, C. M. et al. Molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature 406(6797), 747\u2013752 (2000).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7418","key":"56434_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11412","volume":"490","author":"Cancer Genome Atlas N","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cancer Genome Atlas N. Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature 490(7418), 61\u201370 (2012).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"20","key":"56434_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1001389","volume":"363","author":"WD Foulkes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Foulkes, W. D., Smith, I. E. & Reis-Filho, J. S. Triple-negative breast cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 363(20), 1938\u20131948 (2010).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"56434_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0009-7","volume":"24","author":"A Tutt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tutt, A. et al. Carboplatin in BRCA1\/2-mutated and triple-negative breast cancer BRCAness subgroups: The TNT Trial. Nat Med 24(5), 628\u2013637 (2018).","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"56434_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809615","volume":"379","author":"P Schmid","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schmid, P. et al. Atezolizumab and Nab-Paclitaxel in advanced triple-negative breast cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 379(22), 2108\u20132121 (2018).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"56434_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-042420-093238","volume":"17","author":"F Derakhshan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Derakhshan, F. & Reis-Filho, J. S. Pathogenesis of triple-negative breast cancer. Annu. Rev. Pathol. 17, 181\u2013204 (2022).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"issue":"11","key":"56434_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2016.66","volume":"13","author":"G Bianchini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bianchini, G. et al. Triple-negative breast cancer: Challenges and opportunities of a heterogeneous disease. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 13(11), 674\u2013690 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"56434_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-1177","volume":"9","author":"AC Garrido-Castro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garrido-Castro, A. C., Lin, N. U. & Polyak, K. Insights into molecular classifications of triple-negative breast cancer: Improving patient selection for treatment. Cancer Discov. 9(2), 176\u2013198 (2019).","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"issue":"8","key":"56434_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-023-00580-2","volume":"24","author":"K Vandereyken","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vandereyken, K. et al. Methods and applications for single-cell and spatial multi-omics. Nat. Rev. Genet. 24(8), 494\u2013515 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"issue":"10","key":"56434_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-023-00615-w","volume":"24","author":"A Baysoy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Baysoy, A. et al. The technological landscape and applications of single-cell multi-omics. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 24(10), 695\u2013713 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"12","key":"56434_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1038\/s43588-024-00721-5","volume":"4","author":"J Karin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karin, J. et al. Interpreting single-cell and spatial omics data using deep neural network training dynamics. Nat. Comput. Sci. 4(12), 941\u2013954 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"56434_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3982","volume":"15","author":"SS Pinho","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pinho, S. S. & Reis, C. A. Glycosylation in cancer: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 15(9), 540\u2013555 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer."},{"issue":"12","key":"56434_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.2194","volume":"12","author":"C Lopez-Sambrooks","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lopez-Sambrooks, C. et al. Oligosaccharyltransferase inhibition induces senescence in RTK-driven tumor cells. Nat. Chem. Biol. 12(12), 1023\u20131030 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"56434_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3800","volume":"14","author":"M Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang, M. & Kaufman, R. J. The impact of the endoplasmic reticulum protein-folding environment on cancer development. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 14(9), 581\u2013597 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer."},{"issue":"11","key":"56434_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2020107333","volume":"40","author":"B Pal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pal, B. et al. A single-cell RNA expression atlas of normal, preneoplastic and tumorigenic states in the human breast. EMBO J. 40(11), e107333 (2021).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"issue":"1","key":"56434_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/30.1.207","volume":"30","author":"R Edgar","year":"2002","unstructured":"Edgar, R., Domrachev, M. & Lash, A. E. Gene Expression Omnibus: NCBI gene expression and hybridization array data repository. Nucleic Acids Res. 30(1), 207\u2013210 (2002).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"56434_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-015-0550-y","volume":"17","author":"P Jezequel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jezequel, P. et al. Gene-expression molecular subtyping of triple-negative breast cancer tumours: Importance of immune response. Breast Cancer Res. 17, 43 (2015).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"56434_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-22-2682","volume":"83","author":"R Bassiouni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bassiouni, R. et al. Spatial transcriptomic analysis of a diverse patient cohort reveals a conserved architecture in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res. 83(1), 34\u201348 (2023).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"56434_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3192","volume":"33","author":"R Satija","year":"2015","unstructured":"Satija, R. et al. Spatial reconstruction of single-cell gene expression data. Nat. Biotechnol. 33(5), 495\u2013502 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"7","key":"56434_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.05.031","volume":"177","author":"T Stuart","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stuart, T. et al. Comprehensive integration of single-cell data. Cell 177(7), 1888\u2013902 e21 (2019).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"56434_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0844-1","volume":"26","author":"M Slyper","year":"2020","unstructured":"Slyper, M. et al. A single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-Seq toolbox for fresh and frozen human tumors. Nat. Med. 26(5), 792\u2013802 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"56434_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-025-02857-2","volume":"22","author":"M Kang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kang, M. et al. Improved reconstruction of single-cell developmental potential with CytoTRACE 2. Nat. Methods 22(11), 2258\u20132263 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"10","key":"56434_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4402","volume":"14","author":"X Qiu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qiu, X. et al. Reversed graph embedding resolves complex single-cell trajectories. Nat. Methods 14(10), 979\u2013982 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"56434_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-024-01045-4","volume":"20","author":"S Jin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jin, S., Plikus, M. V. & Nie, Q. Cell Chat for systematic analysis of cell-cell communication from single-cell transcriptomics. Nat. Protoc. 20(1), 180\u2013219 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"issue":"2","key":"56434_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0667-5","volume":"17","author":"R Browaeys","year":"2020","unstructured":"Browaeys, R., Saelens, W. & Saeys, Y. NicheNet: Modeling intercellular communication by linking ligands to target genes. Nat. Methods 17(2), 159\u2013162 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"11","key":"56434_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4463","volume":"14","author":"S Aibar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aibar, S. et al. SCENIC: Single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering. Nat. Methods 14(11), 1083\u20131086 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"7","key":"56434_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0336-2","volume":"15","author":"B Van de Sande","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van de Sande, B. et al. A scalable SCENIC workflow for single-cell gene regulatory network analysis. Nat. Protoc. 15(7), 2247\u20132276 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"56434_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-021-01139-4","volume":"40","author":"V Kleshchevnikov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kleshchevnikov, V. et al. Cell 2location maps fine-grained cell types in spatial transcriptomics. Nat. Biotechnol. 40(5), 661\u2013671 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"6","key":"56434_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2023.100498","volume":"3","author":"S Morabito","year":"2023","unstructured":"Morabito, S. et al. hdWGCNA identifies co-expression networks in high-dimensional transcriptomics data. Cell Rep Methods. 3(6), 100498 (2023).","journal-title":"Cell Rep Methods."},{"issue":"4","key":"56434_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19970228)16:4<385::AID-SIM380>3.0.CO;2-3","volume":"16","author":"R Tibshirani","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tibshirani, R. The lasso method for variable selection in the Cox model. Stat. Med. 16(4), 385\u2013395 (1997).","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"56434_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3337","volume":"12","author":"AM Newman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Newman, A. M. et al. Robust enumeration of cell subsets from tissue expression profiles. Nat. Methods 12(5), 453\u2013457 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"56434_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2014.5851","volume":"21","author":"SS Cao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cao, S. S. & Kaufman, R. J. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in cell fate decision and human disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 21(3), 396\u2013413 (2014).","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"issue":"11","key":"56434_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-025-01571-5","volume":"57","author":"Y Choi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Choi, Y. et al. Single-cell transcriptomics of the myeloid milieu reveals an angiogenic niche in triple-negative breast cancer. Exp. Mol. Med. 57(11), 2487\u20132504 (2025).","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"56434_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-021-00565-2","volume":"19","author":"G Bianchini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bianchini, G. et al. Treatment landscape of triple-negative breast cancer - expanded options, evolving needs. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 19(2), 91\u2013113 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"20","key":"56434_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5936","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2009.07274.x","volume":"276","author":"J Klingelhofer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Klingelhofer, J. et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor ligands as new extracellular targets for the metastasis-promoting S100A4 protein. FEBS J. 276(20), 5936\u20135948 (2009).","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"56434_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11010118","author":"M Laggner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Laggner, M. et al. The roles of S100A4 and the EGF\/EGFR signaling axis in pulmonary hypertension with right ventricular hypertrophy. Biology https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology11010118 (2022).","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"56434_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2017.244","volume":"8","author":"J Musa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Musa, J. et al. MYBL2 (B-Myb): A central regulator of cell proliferation, cell survival and differentiation involved in tumorigenesis. Cell Death Dis. 8(6), e2895 (2017).","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"56434_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.143543","volume":"310","author":"G Ju","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ju, G. et al. TFDP1 drives triple-negative breast cancer development through senescence suppression and serves as a therapeutic target for topotecan. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 310(Pt 4), 143543 (2025).","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"56434_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2023.103983","volume":"185","author":"L Hartl","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hartl, L. et al. The dual role of C\/EBPdelta in cancer. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 185, 103983 (2023).","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"issue":"4","key":"56434_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-024-01205-2","volume":"56","author":"N Mahmood","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mahmood, N. et al. Methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 (Mbd2) drives breast cancer progression through the modulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Exp. Mol. Med. 56(4), 959\u2013974 (2024).","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"56434_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.000729","volume":"120","author":"CM Wilson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wilson, C. M. & High, S. Ribophorin I acts as a substrate-specific facilitator of N-glycosylation. J. Cell Sci. 120(Pt 4), 648\u2013657 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"issue":"28","key":"56434_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9534","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711846105","volume":"105","author":"CM Wilson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wilson, C. M., Roebuck, Q. & High, S. Ribophorin I regulates substrate delivery to the oligosaccharyltransferase core. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105(28), 9534\u20139539 (2008).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"16","key":"56434_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202500722RR","volume":"39","author":"S Lin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lin, S. et al. RPN1 is associated with immunosuppression in Pan-Cancer and affects the malignant phenotype of tumor. FASEB J. 39(16), e70978 (2025).","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"56434_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1512445","volume":"15","author":"L Qin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qin, L. et al. Dissecting the functions and regulatory mechanisms of disulfidoptosis-related RPN1 in Pan-Cancer: Modulation of immune microenvironment and cellular senescence. Front. Immunol. 15, 1512445 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"56434_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000002164","volume":"111","author":"M Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, M. et al. Loss of RPN1 promotes antitumor immunity via PD-L1 checkpoint blockade in triple-negative breast cancer - Experimental studies. Int. J. Surg. 111(2), 1801\u20131813 (2025).","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"56434_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.722624","volume":"11","author":"J Ding","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ding, J. et al. Knockdown of oligosaccharyltransferase subunit Ribophorin 1 induces Endoplasmic-Reticulum-Stress-Dependent cell apoptosis in breast cancer. Front. Oncol. 11, 722624 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"56434_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01570-w","volume":"8","author":"X Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, X. et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: molecular mechanism and therapeutic targets. Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther. 8(1), 352 (2023).","journal-title":"Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"8","key":"56434_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0250-z","volume":"21","author":"C Hetz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hetz, C., Zhang, K. & Kaufman, R. J. Mechanisms, regulation and functions of the unfolded protein response. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 21(8), 421\u2013438 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-56434-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-56434-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-56434-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:42:13Z","timestamp":1787611333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-56434-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["56434"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-56434-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Approval for the current study was issued by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (ID: K-2021076). Written consent was obtained from each individual before participating in sample collection. All experimental procedures were carried out in accordance with the ethical standards established by the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"26546"}}