{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:26:25Z","timestamp":1787012785504,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780704000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":73,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nantong Health Committee Project","award":["QA2021015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QA2021015"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Health Committee Project","award":["JC22022008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JC22022008"]}]},{"name":"Nantong Science and Technology Bureau","award":["MS22022085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS22022085"]}]},{"name":"the Nantong Science and Technology Bureau","award":["JCZ21099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCZ21099"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-56670-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T07:56:13Z","timestamp":1780732573000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and internal validation of a clinical prediction model for hemodialysis-related headache using LASSO and Boruta feature selection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Benyin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaxing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"56670_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2019.11.001","volume":"2020","author":"R Pecoits-Filho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pecoits-Filho, R. et al. Capturing and monitoring global differences in untreated and treated end-stage kidney disease, kidney replacement therapy modality, and outcomes. Kidney Int Suppl 2020(10), e3-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kisu.2019.11.001 (2011).","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"56670_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.4046","volume":"317","author":"AK Bello","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bello, A. K. et al. Assessment of global kidney health care status. JAMA 317, 1864\u20131881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2017.4046 (2017).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"56670_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l5873","volume":"367","author":"AK Bello","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bello, A. K. et al. Status of care for end stage kidney disease in countries and regions worldwide: International cross sectional survey. BMJ 367, l5873. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l5873 (2019).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"56670_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.05.030","volume":"77","author":"H Htay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Htay, H. et al. Hemodialysis use and practice patterns: An international survey study. Am J Kidney Dis. 77, 326-335.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.05.030 (2021).","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis."},{"key":"56670_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1159\/000443418","volume":"41","author":"A Rocha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rocha, A., Sousa, C., Teles, P., Coelho, A. & Xavier, E. Effect of dialysis day on intradialytic hypotension risk. Kidney Blood Press Res. 41, 168\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000443418 (2016).","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press Res."},{"key":"56670_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00430109","volume":"4","author":"K Abdel-Kader","year":"2009","unstructured":"Abdel-Kader, K., Unruh, M. L. & Weisbord, S. D. Symptom burden, depression, and quality of life in chronic and end-stage kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 4, 1057\u20131064. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/CJN.00430109 (2009).","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"56670_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13777","volume":"26","author":"G Gozubatik-Celik","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gozubatik-Celik, G. et al. Hemodialysis-related headache and how to prevent it. Euro J of Neurology. 26, 100\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.13777 (2019).","journal-title":"Euro J of Neurology."},{"key":"56670_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1972.hed1201001.x","volume":"12","author":"DS Bana","year":"1972","unstructured":"Bana, D. S., Yap, A. U. & Graham, J. R. Headache during hemodialysis. Headache 12, 1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1972.hed1201001.x (1972).","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"56670_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00295.x","volume":"46","author":"BK Goksel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Goksel, B. K. et al. Is low blood magnesium level associated with hemodialysis headache?. Headache 46, 40\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00295.x (2006).","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"56670_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2003.03025.x","volume":"43","author":"AL Antoniazzi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Antoniazzi, A. L., Bigal, M. E., Bordini, C. A., Tepper, S. J. & Speciali, J. G. Headache and hemodialysis: A prospective study. Headache 43, 99\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2003.03025.x (2003).","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"56670_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2014.982486","volume":"37","author":"B Stojimirovic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stojimirovic, B. et al. Dialysis headache in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Ren. Fail. 37, 241\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/0886022X.2014.982486 (2015).","journal-title":"Ren. Fail."},{"key":"56670_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.13886","volume":"45","author":"A Hazim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hazim, A. et al. Hemodialysis-related headache: Still a challenge in 2020? Effect of conventional versus online hemodiafiltration from a study in Casablanca Morocco. Artif Organs. 45, 602\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aor.13886 (2021).","journal-title":"Artif Organs."},{"key":"56670_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202","volume":"38","author":"M Arnold","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arnold, M. Headache classification committee of the international headache society (IHS) the international classification of headache disorders. Cephalalgia 38, 1\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102417738202 (2018).","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"56670_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2004.00668.x","volume":"24","author":"B G\u00f6ksan","year":"2004","unstructured":"G\u00f6ksan, B., Karaali-Savrun, F., Ertan, S. & Savrun, M. Haemodialysis-related headache. Cephalalgia 24, 284\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2004.00668.x (2004).","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"56670_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2006.01217.x","volume":"26","author":"M Alessandri","year":"2006","unstructured":"Alessandri, M. et al. Plasma changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P in patients with dialysis headache. Cephalalgia 26, 1287\u20131293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2006.01217.x (2006).","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"56670_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2199-4","volume":"27","author":"D Zepeda-Orozco","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zepeda-Orozco, D. & Quigley, R. Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 27, 2205\u20132211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-012-2199-4 (2012).","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol."},{"key":"56670_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x-anp-2021-0133","volume":"80","author":"E Sousa Melo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sousa Melo, E., Pedrosa, R. P., Carrilho Aguiar, F., Valente, L. M. & Sampaio Rocha-Filho, P. A. Dialysis headache: Characteristics, impact and cerebrovascular evaluation. Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr. 80, 129\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0004-282x-anp-2021-0133 (2022).","journal-title":"Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr."},{"key":"56670_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01701-2","volume":"24","author":"Y Xiong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiong, Y. et al. Association of intradialysis blood sodium level, blood pressure variability, and hydration status with hemodialysis-related headache: A prospective cohort study. J Headache Pain. 24, 166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-023-01701-2 (2023).","journal-title":"J Headache Pain."},{"key":"56670_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3551","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23862-x","volume":"12","author":"T Badet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Badet, T., Fouch\u00e9, S., Hartmann, F. E., Zala, M. & Croll, D. Machine-learning predicts genomic determinants of meiosis-driven structural variation in a eukaryotic pathogen. Nat Commun. 12, 3551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-23862-x (2021).","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"56670_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-023-05300-5","volume":"24","author":"H Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou, H., Xin, Y. & Li, S. A diabetes prediction model based on Boruta feature selection and ensemble learning. BMC Bioinformatics 24, 224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12859-023-05300-5 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"56670_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000622","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1000622","volume":"10","author":"M Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, M. et al. Development and assessment of novel machine learning models to predict medication non-adherence risks in type 2 diabetics. Front Public Health. 10, 1000622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1000622 (2022).","journal-title":"Front Public Health."},{"key":"56670_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8923","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35353-8","volume":"13","author":"Y-K Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, Y.-K. et al. The prognostic value of URR equals that of Kt\/V for all-cause mortality in Taiwan after 10-year follow-up. Sci Rep. 13, 8923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-35353-8 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"56670_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V451205","volume":"4","author":"JT Daugirdas","year":"1993","unstructured":"Daugirdas, J. T. Second generation logarithmic estimates of single-pool variable volume Kt\/V. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 4, 1205\u20131213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.V451205 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"56670_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The international classification of headache disorders. Cephalalgia. 2013;33:629\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102413485658.","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413485658"},{"issue":"11","key":"56670_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i11","volume":"36","author":"MB Kursa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kursa, M. B. & Rudnicki, W. R. Feature Selection with the Boruta Package. J Stat Soft. 36(11), 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v036.i11 (2010).","journal-title":"J Stat Soft."},{"key":"56670_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02080.x","volume":"58","author":"R Tibshirani","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tibshirani, R. Regression shrinkage and selection via the lasso. J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B Stat Methodol. 58, 267\u2013288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02080.x (1996).","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B Stat Methodol."},{"key":"56670_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7992","volume":"38","author":"RD Riley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Riley, R. D. et al. Minimum sample size for developing a multivariable prediction model: PART II\u2014binary and time-to-event outcomes. Stat. Med. 38, 1276\u20131296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.7992 (2019).","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"56670_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m441","author":"RD Riley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Riley, R. D. et al. Calculating the sample size required for developing a clinical prediction model. BMJ https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m441 (2020).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"56670_CR29","first-page":"66","volume":"4","author":"M Mahdavi-Mazdeh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mahdavi-Mazdeh, M. et al. Renal replacement therapy in Iran. Urol J. 4, 66\u201370 (2007).","journal-title":"Urol J."},{"key":"56670_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-022-02216-x","volume":"26","author":"S Yamada","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yamada, S., Tsuruya, K., Kitazono, T. & Nakano, T. Emerging cross-talks between chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) and malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome (MICS) in patients receiving dialysis. Clin Exp Nephrol. 26, 613\u2013629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10157-022-02216-x (2022).","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol."},{"key":"56670_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2014.952239","volume":"20","author":"MM Ahmad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmad, M. M. & Al Nazly, E. K. Hemodialysis: Stressors and coping strategies. Psychol Health Med. 20, 477\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13548506.2014.952239 (2015).","journal-title":"Psychol Health Med."},{"key":"56670_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2003.00510.x","volume":"23","author":"A Antoniazzi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Antoniazzi, A., Bigal, M., Bordini, C. & Speciali, J. Headache associated with dialysis: The international headache society criteria revisited. Cephalalgia 23, 146\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2003.00510.x (2003).","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"56670_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.927107","volume":"12","author":"C Ren","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ren, C. et al. Development and external validation of a dynamic nomogram to predict the survival for adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas. Front Oncol. 12, 927107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2022.927107 (2022).","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"key":"56670_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.933379","author":"W Zeng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zeng, W. et al. Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative distant metastasis in patients with cervical cancer. Med Sci Monit. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/MSM.933379 (2022).","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit."},{"key":"56670_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S407202","volume":"16","author":"B Lu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lu, B. et al. Development of a nomogram for predicting mortality risk in sepsis patients during hospitalization: A retrospective study. IDR. 16, 2311\u20132320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S407202 (2023).","journal-title":"IDR."},{"key":"56670_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-314512","volume":"104","author":"S Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang, S., Song, R., Zhang, J., Li, X. & Li, C. Predictive tool for intravenous immunoglobulin resistance of Kawasaki disease in Beijing. Arch Dis Child. 104, 262\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2017-314512 (2019).","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"key":"56670_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14688","volume":"64","author":"Q Gan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gan, Q. et al. Low pulse pressure and high serum complement C1q are risk factors for hemodialysis headache: A case\u2013control study. Headache 64, 285\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.14688 (2024).","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"56670_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12171","volume":"18","author":"MY Sav","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sav, M. Y., Sav, T., Senocak, E. & Sav, N. M. Hemodialysis-related headache. Hemodial. Int. 18, 725\u2013729. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hdi.12171 (2014).","journal-title":"Hemodial. Int."},{"key":"56670_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01288.x","volume":"27","author":"L Stovner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stovner, L. et al. The global burden of headache: A documentation of headache prevalence and disability worldwide. Cephalalgia 27, 193\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01288.x (2007).","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"56670_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1038\/kisup.2013.79","volume":"3","author":"R Kazancio\u011flu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kazancio\u011flu, R. Risk factors for chronic kidney disease: An update. Kidney Int Suppl. 3, 368\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/kisup.2013.79 (2013).","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl."},{"key":"56670_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneph0124","volume":"2","author":"J Amanzadeh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Amanzadeh, J. & Reilly, R. F. Hypophosphatemia: An evidence-based approach to its clinical consequences and management. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2, 136\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncpneph0124 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol."},{"key":"56670_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202302_31212","volume":"27","author":"B Yaprak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yaprak, B., Arslan, N. & Alata\u015f, H. Multiple factors influencing mortality in hemodialysis patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 27, 1095\u20131103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_202302_31212 (2023).","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci."},{"key":"56670_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202303_31780","volume":"27","author":"N Arslan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arslan, N. Association of cardiometabolic risks with body composition in hemodialysis patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 27, 2469\u20132476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_202303_31780 (2023).","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-56670-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-56670-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-56670-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:59:45Z","timestamp":1787011185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-56670-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["56670"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-56670-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research involving human subjects was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Review Committee of Nantong First People\u2019s Hospital (ethical approval number 2024KT435), in strict adherence to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and informed consent was obtained from all subjects.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"25823"}}