{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T00:21:43Z","timestamp":1794270103206,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1794268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":137,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guang Lei"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-57067-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T15:37:32Z","timestamp":1782488252000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Imbalanced mitochondrial fusion\/fission in human placenta: a potential link to preeclampsia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jianying","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shasha","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruofan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanglei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10297","key":"57067_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32335-7","volume":"398","author":"LC Chappell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chappell, L. C., Cluver, C. A., Kingdom, J. & Tong, S. Pre-eclampsia. Lancet 398 (10297), 341\u2013354 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"57067_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Granger, J. P., Spradley, F. T. & Bakrania, B. A. The endothelin system: A critical player in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Curr. Hypertens. Rep. 20(4). (2018).","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-018-0828-4"},{"key":"57067_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dimitriadis, E. et al. Pre-eclampsia. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers 9(1). (2023).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00425-6"},{"issue":"14","key":"57067_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2024.04.009","volume":"59","author":"B Tan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tan, B. et al. Endothelial progenitor cells control remodeling of uterine spiral arteries for the establishment of utero-placental circulation. Dev. Cell. 59 (14), 1842\u201359e12 (2024).","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"57067_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pankiewicz, K., Fija\u0142kowska, A., Issat, T. & Maciejewski, T. M. Insight into the key points of preeclampsia pathophysiology: uterine artery remodeling and the role of MicroRNAs. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22(6). (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22063132"},{"key":"57067_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Aranguren, L. C. et al. Soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 Alters cellular metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics in preeclampsia. Front. Physiol. 9. (2018).","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00083"},{"key":"57067_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Opichka, M. A., Rappelt, M. W., Gutterman, D. D., Grobe, J. L. & McIntosh, J. J. Vascular dysfunction in preeclampsia. Cells 10(11). (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113055"},{"key":"57067_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Li, B. & Zhao, Y. Inflammation in preeclampsia: Genetic biomarkers, mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies. Front. Immunol. 13. (2022).","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.883404"},{"issue":"2","key":"57067_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.09.047","volume":"226","author":"CWG Redman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Redman, C. W. G., Staff, A. C. & Roberts, J. M. Syncytiotrophoblast stress in preeclampsia: the convergence point for multiple pathways. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 226 (2), S907\u2013S27 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"57067_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, S. et al. Constructing a preeclampsia organoid model to elucidate the mechanism of aspirin. Hypertension 82(9). (2025).","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25342"},{"issue":"2","key":"57067_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.09.026","volume":"226","author":"AC Staff","year":"2022","unstructured":"Staff, A. C. et al. Failure of physiological transformation and spiral artery atherosis: their roles in preeclampsia. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 226 (2), S895\u2013S906 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"57067_CR12","first-page":"1","volume":"2016","author":"J Yu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu, J., Guo, X., Chen, R. & Feng, L. Downregulation of Mitofusin 2 in Placenta Is Related to Preeclampsia. Biomed. Res. Int. 2016, 1\u20138 (2016).","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"57067_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gillmore, T. et al. Dichotomy in hypoxia-induced mitochondrial fission in placental mesenchymal cells during development and preeclampsia: consequences for trophoblast mitochondrial homeostasis. Cell Death Dis. ;13(2). (2022).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04641-y"},{"issue":"10","key":"57067_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10075","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5c00010","volume":"68","author":"M Mastyugin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mastyugin, M., Vlocsk\u00f3, R. B., Zsengell\u00e9r, Z. K., T\u00f6r\u00f6k, B. & T\u00f6r\u00f6k, M. Development of Diaryl Hydrazones for Alleviation of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia. J. Med. Chem. 68 (10), 10075\u201310091 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"57067_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Negre-Salvayre, A., Swiader, A., Salvayre, R. & Guerby, P. Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and premature placental senescence in preeclampsia. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 730. (2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2022.109416"},{"issue":"12","key":"57067_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307952","volume":"390","author":"DX Bharucha-Goebel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bharucha-Goebel, D. X. et al. Intrathecal Gene Therapy for Giant Axonal Neuropathy. N. Engl. J. Med. 390 (12), 1092\u20131104 (2024).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"57067_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, R. et al. Obesity concurrent with gestational diabetes mellitus dysregulates mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts in human placenta. Sci. Rep. (2025).","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7658198\/v1"},{"issue":"3","key":"57067_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12300","volume":"73","author":"R Hastie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hastie, R. et al. EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) Signaling and the Mitochondria Regulate sFlt-1 (Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1) Secretion. Hypertension 73 (3), 659\u2013670 (2019).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"4","key":"57067_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2016.152","volume":"40","author":"T Tomimatsu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tomimatsu, T., Mimura, K., Endo, M., Kumasawa, K. & Kimura, T. Pathophysiology of preeclampsia: an angiogenic imbalance and long-lasting systemic vascular dysfunction. Hypertens. Res. 40 (4), 305\u2013310 (2016).","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"57067_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yung, H. W. et al. Noncanonical mitochondrial unfolded protein response impairs placental oxidative phosphorylation in early-onset preeclampsia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 116(36), 18109\u201318118 (2019).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1907548116"},{"key":"57067_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burton, G. J., Redman, C. W., Roberts, J. M. & Moffett, A. Pre-eclampsia: pathophysiology and clinical implications. Bmj (2019).","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l2381"},{"issue":"2","key":"57067_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.10.024","volume":"226","author":"K Melchiorre","year":"2022","unstructured":"Melchiorre, K., Giorgione, V. & Thilaganathan, B. The placenta and preeclampsia: villain or victim? Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 226 (2), S954\u2013S62 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"57067_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.08.050","volume":"214","author":"R Sukenik-Halevy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sukenik-Halevy, R. et al. Telomere homeostasis in trophoblasts and in cord blood cells from pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 214 (2), 283e1\u2013e7 (2016).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"57067_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, X-Q. & Zhang, L. Hypoxia and mitochondrial dysfunction in pregnancy complications. Antioxidants 10(3). (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10030405"},{"key":"57067_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toledano, J. M. et al. Pregnancy disorders: A potential role for mitochondrial altered homeostasis. Antioxidants 13(8). (2024).","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13080979"},{"key":"57067_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.11.022","volume":"233","author":"W Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, W., Wang, R., Zhang, Q., Mor, G. & Zhang, H. Benzo(a)pyren-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide induces human trophoblast Swan 71 cell dysfunctions due to cell apoptosis through disorder of mitochondrial fission\/fusion. Environ. Pollut. 233, 820\u2013832 (2018).","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"6","key":"57067_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2023.02.012","volume":"83","author":"R Quintana-Cabrera","year":"2023","unstructured":"Quintana-Cabrera, R. & Scorrano, L. Determinants and outcomes of mitochondrial dynamics. Mol. Cell. 83 (6), 857\u2013876 (2023).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"57067_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21620","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202100067R","volume":"35","author":"M Adebayo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adebayo, M., Singh, S., Singh, A. P. & Dasgupta, S. Mitochondrial fusion and fission: The fine-tune balance for cellular homeostasis. FASEB journal: official publication Federation Am. Soc. Experimental Biology. 35 (6), e21620 (2021).","journal-title":"FASEB journal: official publication Federation Am. Soc. Experimental Biology"},{"key":"57067_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Mei, N-H., Cheng, G-P., Yang, J. & Zhou, L-Q. Inhibition of DRP1 impedes zygotic genome activation and preimplantation development in mice. Front. Cell. Dev. Biol. 9. (2021).","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.788512"},{"key":"57067_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ausman, J. et al. Ceramide-induced BOK promotes mitochondrial fission in preeclampsia. Cell Death Dis. 9(3). (2018).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0360-0"},{"key":"57067_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, H. et al. PINK1 phosphorylates Drp1 S616 to regulate mitophagy-independent mitochondrial dynamics. EMBO Rep. 21(8). (2020).","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201948686"},{"key":"57067_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, J. et al. Hsp60 lactylation promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and trophoblast apoptosis in preeclampsia. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 778. (2025).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2025.152379"},{"issue":"11","key":"57067_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.07.011","volume":"26","author":"X-Q Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu, X-Q. & Zhang, L. Hypoxia and the integrated stress response promote pulmonary hypertension and preeclampsia: Implications in drug development. Drug Discovery Today. 26 (11), 2754\u20132773 (2021).","journal-title":"Drug Discovery Today"},{"key":"57067_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deer, E., LaMarca, B., Reckelhoff, J. F., Shawky, N. M. & Edwards, K. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in women\u2019s reproductive disorders: implications for polycystic ovary syndrome and preeclampsia. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 26(13). (2025).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136439"},{"issue":"8","key":"57067_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-021-00464-y","volume":"28","author":"P Vangrieken","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vangrieken, P. et al. Placental Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Preeclampsia. Reproductive Sci. 28 (8), 2186\u20132199 (2021).","journal-title":"Reproductive Sci."},{"key":"57067_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mar\u00edn, R. et al. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA) Mol. Basis Dis. 1866(12). (2020).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2020.165961"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-57067-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-57067-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-57067-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T23:26:20Z","timestamp":1794266780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-57067-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["57067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-57067-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Weifang People\u2019s Hospital (Ethics Approval Number: KYLL20241008-11). All research subjects signed informed consent forms.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Anti-Fluorescence Decay Mounting Medium ( S2100, Solarbio, China); ATP Content Assay Kit ( ADS-W-A007, Adsbio, China); Closed-system goat serum ( SL038, Solarbio, China); Concentrated sulfuric acid ( 10021628, China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation, China); DRP1 Ab ( A20125, Nature Biosciences, China); DAB staining solution ( AFIHC004, Aifang biological, China); DAPI solution ( C0065, Solarbio, China); Diagnostic Kit for PlGF(CLIA) ( 20212401700, Kangrun Biotech, China); Diagnostic Kit for sFlt\u22121(CLIA) (20212401703, Kangrun Biotech, China); Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Kit ( G1120, Solarbio, China); MFN1 Ab ( DF7543, Affinity, England); MFN2 Ab (DF8106, Affinity, England); Neutral rubber (AR0038, Boster, China); PBS Buffer (AR0030, Boster, China); Phospho-DRP1 (Ser616) Ab ( AF8470, Affinity, England); Polymer-HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit Secondary Antibody Kit (AFIHC003, Aifang biological, China); ROS fluorescent probe DHE ( D1008, UElandy, China); Sodium Citrate Antigen Retrieval Solution ( AR0024, Boster, China); Triton X\u2212100 ( BS084, Biosharp, China ); TUNEL Apoptosis Assay Kit ( T6013, UElandy, China).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Primary experimental reagents","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"37422"}}