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To address these limitations, this study a chitosan-based nanocomposite hydrogel system for the controlled delivery of nilotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia. Fe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    -containing layered double hydroxide nanocomposites into were incorporated chitosan hydrogels under controlled synthesis conditions (70\u2009\u00b1\u20092\u00a0\u00b0C, stirring speed at 800\u00a0rpm) to fabricate chitosan nanocomposite hydrogel beads based on LDH and Fe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    nanoparticles. Structural characterization using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed successful nanoparticle incorporation and the formation of a porous hydrogel network. Nilotinib was incorporated into the hydrogel beads using both in situ and post-synthetic approaches, and drug release was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Among the formulations investigated, the Post-synthetic incorporation of nilotinib into dried hydrogel beads at a concentration of 20% yielded the highest cumulative nilotinib release after six hours (72.895 \u00b1 0.004 \u00b5g\/mL). Cytotoxicity studies revealed a concentration-dependent inhibition of chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines (BV173, EM-2, CML-T1, and JOSK-M) and indicated acceptable biocompatibility with human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In addition, the nanocomposite hydrogel demonstrated notable antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay. Overall, the developed LDH\/Fe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    -modified chitosan hydrogel system represents a promising platform for the controlled delivery of hydrophobic anticancer agents such as nilotinib.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-57760-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:24:39Z","timestamp":1781108679000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Controlled delivery of nilotinib using LDH\/Fe2O3-modified chitosan nanocomposite hydrogel beads for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Milad","family":"Gholami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hori","family":"Ghaneialvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somayeh","family":"Molaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naser","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Aidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"57760_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-014-0106-5","volume":"33","author":"UK Udensi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Udensi, U. 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