{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:19:09Z","timestamp":1788135549461,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":78,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-58001-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T10:53:35Z","timestamp":1781434415000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nanozymatic platform for dual colorimetric and fluorimetric sensing of H\u2082O\u2082 and glucose using Ni-CoWO\u2084 nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kiarash Jodat","family":"Asl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7088-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdolhossein","family":"Naseri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Amjadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyyed Morteza Seyyed","family":"Alavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aref","family":"Pariz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farida","family":"Tatardar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzaneh","family":"Rasoulzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"58001_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors13020054","volume":"13","author":"M Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou, M. et al. Chemosensors for H2O2 Detection: Principles, Active Materials, and Applications. Chemosensors 13, 54. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/chemosensors13020054 (2025).","journal-title":"Chemosensors"},{"key":"58001_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2024.110457","volume":"36","author":"H Lv","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lv, H., Li, Z., Yin, P., Wan, P. & Zhu, M. Recent progress on non-metallic carbon nitride for the photosynthesis of H2O2: Mechanism, modification and in-situ applications. Chin. Chem. Lett. 36, 110457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cclet.2024.110457 (2025).","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"58001_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2025.344258","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao, Y. et al. Quantitative Analysis of H2O2-related Biomarkers Using Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Technology Based on TMB-Au@ PB Nanoparticles. Anal. Chim. Acta https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aca.2025.344258 (2025).","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"58001_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors13050157","volume":"13","author":"A Modic","year":"2025","unstructured":"Modic, A., Filip, L. & Jovanovski, V. Determination of Gaseous H2O2 Using UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Chemosensors 13, 157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/chemosensors13050157 (2025).","journal-title":"Chemosensors"},{"key":"58001_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2024.128396","volume":"353","author":"Y Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu, Y. et al. The construction of peroxidase-like Cu-BDC@ FeMo6 for colorimetric detection of H2O2 and dopamine. Sep. Purif. Technol. 353, 128396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.seppur.2024.128396 (2025).","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"58001_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.4c05691","volume":"8","author":"Z Sadiq","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sadiq, Z., Al-Kassawneh, M., Safiabadi Tali, S. H. & Jahanshahi-Anbuhi, S. Dextran-Gold Nanoparticle-Based Tablets and Swabs for Colorimetric Detection of Urinary H2O2. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 8, 1008\u20131020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsanm.4c05691 (2025).","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"58001_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44337-025-00273-1","volume":"2","author":"M Ghosh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ghosh, M. & Bora, V. R. Evolution in blood glucose monitoring: a comprehensive review of invasive to non-invasive devices and sensors. Discover Med. 2, 74. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44337-025-00273-1 (2025).","journal-title":"Discover Med."},{"key":"58001_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physchem-082423-121033","volume":"76","author":"N Qian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Qian, N., Xiong, H., Wei, L., Shi, L. & Min, W. Merging Vibrational Spectroscopy with Fluorescence Microscopy: Combining the Best of Two Worlds. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 76, 279\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-physchem-082423-121033 (2025).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"58001_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.137","volume":"206","author":"S Sargazi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sargazi, S. et al. Fluorescent-based nanosensors for selective detection of a wide range of biological macromolecules: A comprehensive review. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 206, 115\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.137 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"58001_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2024.104821","volume":"156","author":"Y Yuan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yuan, Y. et al. Deep learning-assisted fluorescence spectroscopy for food quality and safety analysis. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 156, 104821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tifs.2024.104821 (2025).","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"58001_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/05704928.2025.2476420","author":"M Tian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tian, M. et al. Application of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy in the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in petroleum and coal. Appl. Spectrosc. Rev. (7), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/05704928.2025.2476420 (2025).","journal-title":"Appl. Spectrosc. Rev."},{"key":"58001_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2025.113316","volume":"212","author":"H-A Abd-ElSalam","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abd-ElSalam, H.-A., Elzanfaly, E. S. & Bassuoni, Y. F. Smartphones as optical detectors in pharmaceutical Analysis: A review. Microchem. J. 113316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.microc.2025.113316 (2025).","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"58001_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4LC00966E","author":"DV Baker","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baker, D. V. et al. Smartphones as a platform for molecular analysis: concepts, methods, devices and future potential. Lab Chip https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D4LC00966E (2025).","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"58001_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2024.127053","volume":"282","author":"AA Abdella","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abdella, A. A. & Elshenawy, E. A. A spatial hue smartphone-based colorimetric detection and discrimination of carmine and carminic acid in food products based on differential adsorptivity. Talanta 282, 127053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.talanta.2024.127053 (2025).","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"58001_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-01998-w","volume":"15","author":"SM Seyyed Alavi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Seyyed Alavi, S. M., Amjadi, M. & Manzoori, J. L. Iron pyrite nanocrystals as a sustainable nanozyme for colorimetric detection of ceftriaxone sodium in environmental samples. Sci. Rep. 15, 21243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-01998-w (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"58001_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1039\/D4AY01878H","volume":"17","author":"Z Yuan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yuan, Z. et al. A colorimetric strategy and smartphone-based test strip for the detection of glucose based on the peroxidase activity of a hemin-derived nanozyme. Anal. Methods 17, 320\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D4AY01878H (2025).","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"key":"58001_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18081101","volume":"18","author":"RR Tjandrawinata","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tjandrawinata, R. R., Harbuwono, D. S., Soegondo, S., Taslim, N. A. & Nurkolis, F. Phytocannabinoids as Novel SGLT2 Modulators for Renal Glucose Reabsorption in Type 2 Diabetes Management. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 18, 1101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph18081101 (2025).","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"58001_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SD00360H","volume":"4","author":"S Min","year":"2025","unstructured":"Min, S. et al. Minimally and non-invasive glucose monitoring: The road toward commercialization. Sens. Diagn. 4, 370\u2013396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D4SD00360H (2025).","journal-title":"Sens. Diagn."},{"key":"58001_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s43393-025-00343-6","volume":"5","author":"M Sarfaraz","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sarfaraz, M. et al. Microbial production and applications of glucose oxidase. Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 5, 1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43393-025-00343-6 (2025).","journal-title":"Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing"},{"key":"58001_CR20","unstructured":"Mirra, G. Comparing Nanozymes Catalytic Activity and Applications, (2025)."},{"key":"58001_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2025.128329","volume":"295","author":"J Shen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shen, J. et al. Ratiometric fluorescent probes based on fluorogenic reactions of o-phenylenediamine for multiple sensing applications. Talanta 295, 128329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.talanta.2025.128329 (2025).","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"58001_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15040222","volume":"15","author":"KV Jarnda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jarnda, K. V. et al. A review on optical biosensors for monitoring of uric acid and blood glucose using portable POCT devices: Status, challenges, and future horizons. Biosensors (Basel) 15, 222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bios15040222 (2025).","journal-title":"Biosensors (Basel)"},{"key":"58001_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cplu.202500135","volume":"90","author":"Y Bao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bao, Y. et al. Advances in smartphone-based colorimetry and fluorimetry. Chempluschem 90, e202500135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cplu.202500135 (2025).","journal-title":"Chempluschem"},{"key":"58001_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.14962233","volume":"5","author":"N Ikram","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ikram, N. et al. Elucidating the morphological characteristics of nanoparticles entities: A comprehensive review. Journal Of Multidisciplinary 5, 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.14962233 (2025).","journal-title":"Journal Of Multidisciplinary"},{"key":"58001_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3628","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2024.2376113","volume":"65","author":"Y Lin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lin, Y., Cheng, J.-H., Ma, J., Zhou, C. & Sun, D.-W. Elevating nanomaterial optical sensor arrays through the integration of advanced machine learning techniques for enhancing visual inspection of food quality and safety. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 65, 3628\u20133649. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10408398.2024.2376113 (2025).","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"58001_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, A., Mishra, N., Vishwakarma, N. & Raikwar, S. Introduction to Metallic Nanoparticles, Metallic Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy, CRC, pp. 26\u201344 .","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003480211-2"},{"key":"58001_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2919","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaenm.5c00462","volume":"3","author":"R Poomporai Vadivel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Poomporai Vadivel, R. et al. Praseodymium tungstate-integrated MXene nanocomposite: A cutting-edge platform for high-performance electrochemical sensing of furaltadone in food and environmental samples. ACS Appl. Eng. Mater. 3, 2919\u20132932 (2025).","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Eng. Mater."},{"key":"58001_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6077","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.3c02577","volume":"40","author":"S Chandrasekar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chandrasekar, S. et al. Multiprocessing substrates enhanced Ta2O5\/NiCo2O4 spinel nanocomposites for effective electro-\/photocatalytic and toxicological effects via the Caenorhabditis elegans model. Langmuir 40, 6077\u20136093 (2024).","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"58001_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32754","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c04548","volume":"6","author":"U Nishan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nishan, U. et al. Ionic-liquid-stabilized TiO2 nanostructures: A platform for detection of hydrogen peroxide. ACS Omega 6, 32754\u201332762 (2021).","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"58001_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.3390\/catal15090899","volume":"15","author":"A Nivetha","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nivetha, A. et al. Engineered NiCo2O4 Spinel Nanostructures for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance in Energy Storage and Non-Enzymatic Glucose Detection. Catalysts 15, 899 (2025).","journal-title":"Catalysts"},{"key":"58001_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1039\/D2NJ05422A","volume":"47","author":"C Sakthivel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sakthivel, C., Nivetha, A., Thiruppathi, G., Sundararaj, P. & Prabha, I. Synthesis of a multi-functionalized NiCo 2 O 4 spinel heterostructure via the hydrothermal route for high-performance photo-electrocatalytic, anti-bacterial and eco-toxicity applications. New J. Chem. 47, 571\u2013588 (2023).","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"58001_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48236","DOI":"10.1039\/D5RA06434A","volume":"15","author":"M Asad","year":"2025","unstructured":"Asad, M. et al. Synergistic catalysis of ionic liquid-modified ceria and silver-deposited activated carbon for the rapid and sensitive colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide. RSC Adv. 15, 48236\u201348246 (2025).","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"58001_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1338920","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2024.1338920","volume":"12","author":"U Nishan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nishan, U. et al. Colorimetric sensing of hydrogen peroxide using capped Morus nigra-sawdust deposited zinc oxide nanoparticles via Trigonella foenum extract. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 12, 1338920 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"58001_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.123189","volume":"343","author":"K Alagumalai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alagumalai, K. et al. Improved electrochemical detection of levofloxacin in diverse aquatic samples using 3D flower-like Co@ CaPO4 nanospheres. Environ. Pollut. 343, 123189 (2024).","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"58001_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.138073","volume":"439","author":"B Shobana","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shobana, B., Kumar, P. S., Renugadevi, K. & Prakash, P. Sensing the invisible: Ultra-low-level electrochemical detection of the microbe (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) on cobalt ferrite-doped silver nanocomposite (CoFe2O4\/AgNPs) surfaces. Food Chem. 439, 138073 (2024).","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"58001_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inoche.2024.113250","volume":"170","author":"L Muthulakshmi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Muthulakshmi, L. et al. Bioflocculant polymer reduced CuO\/NiO binary transition metal oxide nanocomposite: Application as an effective non-enzymatic glucose sensor. Inorg. Chem. Commun. 170, 113250 (2024).","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Commun."},{"key":"58001_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4736","DOI":"10.1007\/s10904-024-03554-x","volume":"35","author":"S Chandrasekar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chandrasekar, S. et al. Novel rGO\/PAAQ\/HTs reinforced SnO2@ NiCo2O4 as effective catalyst for photodegradation, electrochemical evaluation, biomedical and phytoscreening effects. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater. 35, 4736\u20134763 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater."},{"key":"58001_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s10934-024-01736-z","volume":"32","author":"C Sakthivel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sakthivel, C. et al. Accelerated electro-photocatalytic and phytotoxicity applications of synthesized hybrid molecules enhanced MoO2@ Nickel cobaltate nanocomposite. Journal of Porous Materials 32, 773\u2013796 (2025).","journal-title":"Journal of Porous Materials"},{"key":"58001_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11287","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c19099","volume":"17","author":"M Govindaraj","year":"2025","unstructured":"Govindaraj, M. et al. Surfactant-assisted synthesis of metallic-Ag\/nickel oxide on graphitic carbon nitride composite: an electrochemical investigation of synthetic vanillin. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 17, 11287\u201311299 (2025).","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"58001_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6839","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.3c05485","volume":"7","author":"B Chandran","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chandran, B. et al. Cerium Zirconium Oxide-decorated reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for low potential voltammetric detection of N-Hydroxysuccinimide. ACS Applied Nano Materials 7, 6839\u20136850 (2024).","journal-title":"ACS Applied Nano Materials"},{"key":"58001_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5151","DOI":"10.1007\/s12649-024-02525-0","volume":"15","author":"U Nishan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nishan, U. et al. Zulqarnain, Environment-Friendly and efficient colorimetric sensing of hydrogen peroxide based on Dalbergia sissoo Sawdust-Deposited nickel nanoparticles. Waste Biomass Valoriz. 15, 5151\u20135162 (2024).","journal-title":"Waste Biomass Valoriz."},{"key":"58001_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18040768","volume":"18","author":"M Salaheldeen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Salaheldeen, M., Abu-Dief, A. M. & El-Dabea, T. Functionalization of nanomaterials for energy storage and hydrogen production applications. Materials 18, 768. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma18040768 (2025).","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"58001_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4167","DOI":"10.1039\/c0cs00176g","volume":"40","author":"ZY Zhou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhou, Z. Y., Tian, N., Li, J. T., Broadwell, I. & Sun, S. G. Nanomaterials of high surface energy with exceptional properties in catalysis and energy storage. Chem Soc Rev 40, 4167\u20134185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c0cs00176g (2011).","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"key":"58001_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app15031629","volume":"15","author":"E Greco","year":"2025","unstructured":"Greco, E. et al. Nanomaterials in photocatalysis: An in-depth analysis of their role in enhancing indoor air quality. Applied Sciences 15, 1629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app15031629 (2025).","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"key":"58001_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.3390\/cryst11050456","volume":"11","author":"FA Alharthi","year":"2021","unstructured":"AlharthiF.A., AlanaziH.S., AlsyahiA.A. & Ahmad, N. Hydrothermal synthesis, characterization and exploration of photocatalytic activities of polyoxometalate: Ni-CoWO4 nanoparticles. Crystals 11, 456 (2021).","journal-title":"Crystals"},{"key":"58001_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4357","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00672","volume":"119","author":"Y Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang, Y., Ren, J. & Qu, X. Nanozymes: classification, catalytic mechanisms, activity regulation, and applications. Chem. Rev. 119, 4357\u20134412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00672 (2019).","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"58001_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4973","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-024-03930-3","volume":"35","author":"KA Abdullah","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abdullah, K. A., Tahir, T. F., Qader, A. F., Omer, R. A. & Othman, K. A. Nanozymes: Classification and analytical applications - a review. J Fluoresc 35, 4973\u20134987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10895-024-03930-3 (2025).","journal-title":"J Fluoresc"},{"key":"58001_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201900133","volume":"15","author":"X Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu, X. et al. Peroxidase-like activity of smart nanomaterials and their advanced application in colorimetric glucose biosensors. Small 15, e1900133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.201900133 (2019).","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"58001_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17980","DOI":"10.1039\/D5NR01374G","volume":"17","author":"C-Y Hsu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hsu, C.-Y. et al. Recent advances in nanozymes based on mesoporous materials for enhancing the performance of colorimetric biosensors: Applications and challenges. Nanoscale 17, 17980\u201317992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D5NR01374G (2025).","journal-title":"Nanoscale"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-58001-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-58001-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-58001-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:09:37Z","timestamp":1788134977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-58001-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["58001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-58001-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Human serum samples used in this study were obtained as ready-to-use samples from the Tabriz Blood Transfusion Center. The authors were not involved in blood collection, donor recruitment, or any interaction with human subjects. All samples were fully anonymized prior to receipt and contained no identifiable personal information. Therefore, this study did not involve human participation, intervention, or clinical procedures, and no informed consent or ethical approval was required according to institutional and national guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"27190"}}