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Molar conductivity (15.55 \u2126\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    cm\u00b2 mol\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) confirmed its non-electrolytic nature, and ESI-MS showed a molecular ion peak at m\/z 417.57 matching [C\u2088H\u2084N\u2086O\u2088Pd]\u207a. PXRD structural analysis revealed a triclinic crystal system (space group P-1) with \u03c4\u2084 = 0.04, confirming square-planar geometry around Pd(II), with Pd\u2013O bond lengths ranging from 2.065 to 2.178 \u00c5. Thermal analysis showed three decomposition stages (41.00%, 15.00%, and 18.50% mass losses) with palladium metal as the final residue. The complex exhibited DNA binding constants of K\n                    <jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 1.694\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u2074 M\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    (UV-Vis) and 2.870\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                    M\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    (fluorescence) with \u0394G = -24.12 and \u2212\u200942.94\u00a0kJ mol\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively, indicating groove binding mode as confirmed by viscosity measurements. HSA binding constants were K\n                    <jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 2.784\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    M\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    (UV-Vis) and 6.546\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    M\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    (fluorescence). Cytotoxicity assays against MDA-MB-231, HCT-116, and HepG-2 cell lines gave IC\u2085\u2080 values of 29.42, 38.11, and 24.68 \u00b5M, respectively, with selectivity indices (1.99, 1.78, and 1.29) higher than cisplatin. The complex induced late apoptosis (8.46-fold increase) via p53\/caspase-3 upregulation (4.46-fold and 3.96-fold, respectively). DFT calculations showed reduced HOMO-LUMO gap (5.406\u00a0eV vs. 6.517\u00a0eV for free ligand), correlating with enhanced bioactivity. These findings present [Pd(H\u2082L)\u2082] complex as a promising dual-targeting anticancer candidate. Unlike conventional Pd(II) complexes that target DNA via intercalation or N\/S coordination, our complex employs an unusual O\u2084 coordination sphere from violurate ligands, demonstrating a non-intercalative groove-binding mode and a p53\/caspase-3 mediated apoptosis with enhanced selectivity index.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-58248-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T10:13:48Z","timestamp":1782555228000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Synthesis, structural characterization, and dual DNA\/HSA binding of novel Palladium(II) violurate complex with selective p53\/Caspase-3-mediated anticancer activity"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Maged A.","family":"El-Kemary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abd","family":"El-Motaleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba A.","family":"Sahyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmaa A.","family":"Shabbat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Fathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"58248_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.52756\/ijerr.2025.v47.010","volume":"47","author":"A Hussain Sheikh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hussain Sheikh, A., Nath, S., Das, A., Choudhury, N. 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