{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:16:51Z","timestamp":1788517011775,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":70,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-59069-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T11:16:30Z","timestamp":1782472590000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electrical resistance measurement in feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7094-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia","family":"Franchini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ciccarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Assumma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Laino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Di Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"D\u2019Abramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. P.","family":"Spugnini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"59069_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2025.110599","volume":"773","author":"M Gebuza","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gebuza, M. et al. Exploring the mechanical and electrical properties of cancer cells for improved diagnosis and treatment. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 773, 110599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abb.2025.110599 (2025).","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"59069_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plrev.2022.09.003","volume":"43","author":"E Di Gregorio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Di Gregorio, E. et al. The distinguishing electrical properties of cancer cells. Phys. Life Rev. 43, 139\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.plrev.2022.09.003 (2022).","journal-title":"Phys. Life Rev."},{"key":"59069_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-020-0530-4","volume":"18","author":"R Baghban","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baghban, R. et al. Tumor microenvironment complexity and therapeutic implications at a glance. Cell. Commun. Signal. 18, 59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12964-020-0530-4 (2020).","journal-title":"Cell. Commun. Signal."},{"key":"59069_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4195","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.023820","volume":"123","author":"C Frantz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Frantz, C., Stewart, K. M. & Weaver, V. M. The extracellular matrix at a glance. J. Cell. Sci. 123, 4195\u20134200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.023820 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Sci."},{"key":"59069_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-025-03033-x","volume":"55","author":"H Ataee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ataee, H. et al. Impedance-based detection of cervical lymph-node involvement in thyroid cancer patients: a human model study. Surg. Today. 55, 1497\u20131505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00595-025-03033-x (2025).","journal-title":"Surg. Today"},{"key":"59069_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3109\/08941939309141189","volume":"6","author":"T Morimoto","year":"1993","unstructured":"Morimoto, T. et al. A study of the electrical bio-impedance of tumors. J. Invest. Surg. 6, 25\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/08941939309141189 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Invest. Surg."},{"key":"59069_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11924","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000011924","volume":"97","author":"J Gariani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gariani, J. et al. Noninvasive pulmonary nodule characterization using transcutaneous bioconductance: preliminary results of an observational study. Med. (Baltim). 97, e11924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000011924 (2018).","journal-title":"Med. (Baltim)."},{"key":"59069_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-025-08983-3","volume":"70","author":"HM Dowlatabad","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dowlatabad, H. M. et al. Advancing upper gastrointestinal cancer detection: a single-center pilot study exploring the potential of electrical impedance spectroscopy in endoscopic procedures. Dig. Dis. Sci. 70, 2433\u20132443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-025-08983-3 (2025).","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"59069_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117159","volume":"273","author":"J Wen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wen, J. et al. Application of bioelectrical impedance detection techniques: cells and tissues. Biosens. Bioelectron. 273, 117159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117159 (2025).","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"59069_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2017.01.004","volume":"115","author":"RM Atkins","year":"2017","unstructured":"Atkins, R. M. et al. Impedance spectroscopy as an indicator for successful in vivo electric field-mediated gene delivery in a murine model. Bioelectrochemistry 115, 33\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2017.01.004 (2017).","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"key":"59069_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2021.107885","volume":"142","author":"RM Atkins","year":"2021","unstructured":"Atkins, R. M. et al. Real-time impedance feedback to enhance cutaneous gene electrotransfer in a murine skin model. Bioelectrochemistry 142, 107885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2021.107885 (2021).","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"key":"59069_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2019.04.006","volume":"49","author":"EP Spugnini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spugnini, E. P. & Baldi, A. Electrochemotherapy in veterinary oncology: state-of-the-art and perspectives. Vet. Clin. N. Am. Small Anim. Pract. 49, 967\u2013979 (2019).","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. N. Am. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"59069_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4341","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14174341","volume":"14","author":"M Condello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Condello, M. et al. Electrochemotherapy: an alternative strategy for improving therapy in drug-resistant solid tumors. Cancers (Basel). 14, 4341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers14174341 (2022).","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"59069_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025","volume":"381","author":"A de Caro","year":"2025","unstructured":"de Caro, A. et al. New effective and less painful high-frequency electrochemotherapy protocols: from optimization on 3D models to pilot study on veterinary patients. J. Control Release. 381, 113592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"59069_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12980","volume":"22","author":"SC Ramos","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ramos, S. C. et al. Electrochemotherapy in dogs and cats: a review. Vet. Comp. Oncol. 22, 311\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vco.12980 (2024).","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"59069_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13507071","volume":"16","author":"N Tozon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tozon, N. et al. Electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin injection: an observational study in superficial squamous cell carcinoma in cats. J. Feline Med. Surg. 16, 291\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612X13507071 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"59069_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2021.107871","volume":"141","author":"T Batista Napotnik","year":"2021","unstructured":"Batista Napotnik, T., Polaj\u017eer, T. & Miklav\u010di\u010d, D. Cell death due to electroporation: a review. Bioelectrochemistry 141, 107871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2021.107871 (2021).","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"key":"59069_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2005.05.006","volume":"1724","author":"J Teissi\u00e9","year":"2005","unstructured":"Teissi\u00e9, J., Golzio, M. & Rols, M. P. Mechanisms of cell membrane electropermeabilization: a minireview of our present (lack of?) knowledge. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1724, 270\u2013280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbagen.2005.05.006 (2005).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"59069_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8727","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-12645-z","volume":"12","author":"M Woloszyn","year":"2022","unstructured":"Woloszyn, M. et al. An analytical four-layer horizontal electric current dipole model for analysing underwater electric potential in shallow seawater. Sci. Rep. 12, 8727. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-12645-z (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"59069_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-012-0991-8","volume":"50","author":"D Miklav\u010di\u010d","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miklav\u010di\u010d, D. et al. Electrochemotherapy: technological advancements for efficient electroporation-based treatment of internal tumors. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 50, 1213\u20131225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11517-012-0991-8 (2012).","journal-title":"Med. Biol. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"59069_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13483238","volume":"15","author":"S Murphy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Murphy, S. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the cat: current understanding and treatment approaches. J. Feline Med. Surg. 15, 401\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612X13483238 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"59069_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X20905035","volume":"22","author":"E Manuali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Manuali, E. et al. Tumours in European Shorthair cats: a retrospective study of 680 cases. J. Feline Med. Surg. 22, 1095\u20131102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612X20905035 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"59069_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci2030111","volume":"2","author":"CM Cannon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cannon, C. M. Cats, cancer and comparative oncology. Vet. Sci. 2, 111\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci2030111 (2015).","journal-title":"Vet. Sci."},{"key":"59069_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.13586","volume":"29","author":"EP Spugnini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spugnini, E. P. et al. Electroporation enhances bleomycin efficacy in cats with periocular carcinoma and advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 29, 1368\u20131375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvim.13586 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"59069_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18362","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75472-0","volume":"10","author":"DS Dos Anjos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dos Anjos, D. S. et al. Comparison of two different doses of bleomycin in electrochemotherapy protocols for feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma non-segregated from ultraviolet light exposure. Sci. Rep. 10, 18362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-75472-0 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"59069_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8030053","volume":"8","author":"P Sim\u010di\u010d","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sim\u010di\u010d, P. et al. A retrospective multicentric study of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of feline nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma. Vet. Sci. 8, 53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci8030053 (2021).","journal-title":"Vet. Sci."},{"key":"59069_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2022.24","volume":"5","author":"M Tellado","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tellado, M. et al. Electrochemotherapy using thin-needle electrode improves recovery in feline nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma: a translational model. Cancer Drug Resist. 5, 595\u2013611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20517\/cdr.2022.24 (2022).","journal-title":"Cancer Drug Resist."},{"key":"59069_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1408260","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1408260","volume":"11","author":"FFQ Dos Santos","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dos Santos, F. F. Q. et al. Perineural invasion as a predictor of local recurrence in cats with squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy. Front. Vet. Sci. 11, 1408260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1408260 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"59069_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098612X2412480","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X241248043","volume":"26","author":"E Ferrer-Jord\u00e0","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ferrer-Jord\u00e0, E. & Rodr\u00edguez-Piz\u00e0, I. Description of outcome and adverse events in 21 cats with locally advanced nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy. J. Feline Med. Surg. 26, 1098612X241248043. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612X241248043 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"59069_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12995","volume":"22","author":"N Diop","year":"2024","unstructured":"Diop, N. et al. Comparison of three chemotherapy protocols with electrochemotherapy for the treatment of feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Vet. Comp. Oncol. 22, 437\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vco.12995 (2024).","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"59069_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098612X2513471","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X251347152","volume":"27","author":"M Foo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Foo, M. et al. Electrochemotherapy is effective in the treatment of early-stage feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J. Feline Med. Surg. 27, 1098612X251347152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612X251347152 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"59069_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27874","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-13767-w","volume":"15","author":"S Ciccarelli","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ciccarelli, S. et al. Efficacy of gabapentin as pain management of T2\u2013T4 feline facial squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy. Sci. Rep. 15, 27874. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-13767-w (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"59069_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12020155","volume":"12","author":"L Ferro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ferro, L. et al. Appetite stimulant and anti-emetic effect of mirtazapine transdermal ointment in cats following chemotherapy. Animals 12, 155 (2022).","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"59069_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12032","volume":"13","author":"SM Nguyen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nguyen, S. M. et al. Response evaluation criteria for solid tumours in dogs (v1.0): a Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group consensus document. Vet. Comp. Oncol. 13, 176\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vco.12032 (2015).","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"59069_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12677","volume":"19","author":"AK LeBlanc","year":"2021","unstructured":"LeBlanc, A. K. et al. Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group\u2013Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (VCOG-CTCAE v2) following investigational therapy in dogs and cats. Vet. Comp. Oncol. 19, 311\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vco.12677 (2021).","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"59069_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1977.1","volume":"35","author":"R Peto","year":"1977","unstructured":"Peto, R. et al. Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. II. Analysis and examples. Br. J. Cancer. 35, 1\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bjc.1977.1 (1977).","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"59069_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.2307\/228186","volume":"53","author":"EL Kaplan","year":"1958","unstructured":"Kaplan, E. L. & Meier, P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 53, 457\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/228186 (1958).","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"59069_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2231","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/41\/11\/001","volume":"41","author":"C Gabriel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gabriel, C., Gabriel, S. & Corthout, E. The dielectric properties of biological tissues: I. Literature survey. Phys. Med. Biol. 41, 2231\u20132249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0031-9155\/41\/11\/001 (1996).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"59069_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/41\/11\/002","volume":"41","author":"S Gabriel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gabriel, S., Lau, R. W. & Gabriel, C. The dielectric properties of biological tissues: II. Measurements in the frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz. Phys. Med. Biol. 41, 2251\u20132269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0031-9155\/41\/11\/002 (1996).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"59069_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/41\/11\/003","volume":"41","author":"S Gabriel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gabriel, S., Lau, R. W. & Gabriel, C. The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues. Phys. Med. Biol. 41, 2271\u20132293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0031-9155\/41\/11\/003 (1996).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"59069_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez, T. et al. Electrical impedance measurements on electropermeabilized cells attached to microelectrodes. In 6th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering (eds Lackovi\u0107, I. & Vasi\u0107, D.) 553\u2013556 (2015).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-11128-5_138"},{"key":"59069_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14140311","volume":"274","author":"M Kranjc","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kranjc, M. et al. In situ monitoring of electric field distribution in mouse tumor during electroporation. Radiology 274, 115\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.14140311 (2015).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"59069_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-010-9284-z","volume":"236","author":"PA Garcia","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garcia, P. A. et al. Intracranial nonthermal irreversible electroporation: in vivo analysis. J. Membr. Biol. 236, 127\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00232-010-9284-z (2010).","journal-title":"J. Membr. Biol."},{"key":"59069_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-015-1368-6","volume":"54","author":"LG Campana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Campana, L. G. et al. Electrical resistance of human soft tissue sarcomas: an ex vivo study on surgical specimens. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 54, 773\u2013787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11517-015-1368-6 (2016).","journal-title":"Med. Biol. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"59069_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(98)00067-2","volume":"35","author":"MJ Jaroszeski","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jaroszeski, M. J. et al. Clinical applications of electrochemotherapy: an early experience. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 35, 119\u2013129 (1999).","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"59069_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0b013e32834fcaa8","volume":"24","author":"EP Spugnini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Spugnini, E. P. et al. Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of human tumors: early clinical experience and perspectives. Curr. Opin. Oncol. 24, 155\u2013161 (2012).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Oncol."},{"key":"59069_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-13-29","volume":"13","author":"D Miklav\u010di\u010d","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miklav\u010di\u010d, D. et al. Electrochemotherapy: from the drawing board into medical practice. Biomed. Eng. Online. 13, 29 (2014).","journal-title":"Biomed. Eng. Online"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-59069-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-59069-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-59069-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:55:42Z","timestamp":1788515742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-59069-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["59069"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-59069-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8592493\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Spugnini EP is stockholder of Biopulse Srl, Assumma C. was employed by Biopulse Srl to develop the clinical electroporator used in this study. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All cat owners and representatives of animal welfare associations managing the shelters provided written informed consent for the administration of electrochemotherapy and intravenous chemotherapy with bleomycin. All procedures were carried out by licensed veterinary personnel for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari (Authorization No. 31\/21).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"27797"}}