{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:51:10Z","timestamp":1791247870941,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":92,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NWO TTW 2023 21164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NWO TTW 2023 21164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Rapid diagnosis, timely treatment, and continuous monitoring are essential for improving outcomes in neurovascular diseases (time=brain). Such point-of-care applications, however, require imaging to be conducted in dynamic and often confined spaces. While magnetic particle imaging (MPI) shows preclinical promise for fast (neuro)vascular imaging, it relies on complex and restricted imaging gantries. Here, we present a unique gantry-free robot-assisted MPI strategy (Robotic MPI) that is \u2018portable\u2019. Using permanent magnets, Hall sensors and correction coils, we developed a single-sided detector with a detection threshold of ~\u20095\u00a0\u00b5g iron-containing contrast agent at the detector surface. Robot-assisted positioning and pose tracking, combined with a dedicated maximum likelihood expectation-maximization-based reconstruction algorithm, translates detector signals into tomographic images with a spatial resolvability of 7\u00a0mm (visually evaluated at an imaging depth of ~\u20095\u00a0mm). Surface imaging (SI) provided anatomical reference, delivering hybrid MPI\/SI scans. Robotic-MPI\u2019s ability to visualize 3D (neuro)vasculature in a phantom model, highlights the system\u2019s potential for next-generation, portable vascular imaging solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-61392-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T17:06:30Z","timestamp":1783357590000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Towards robot-assisted magnetic particle imaging for mobile point-of-care (neuro)vascular applications"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Matthias N.","family":"van Oosterom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aran","family":"van Welzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon J.","family":"Slof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriaan C. G. M.","family":"van Es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stewart","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aidan","family":"Cousins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nyika D.","family":"Kruyt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos H. G. M.","family":"Haverkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fijs W. B.","family":"van Leeuwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"61392_CR1","unstructured":"(WSO), W.S.O. Global Stroke Fact Sheet 2022. ; (2022). Available from: https:\/\/www.world-stroke.org\/assets\/downloads\/WSO_Global_Stroke_Fact_Sheet.pdf"},{"issue":"11","key":"61392_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004597","volume":"48","author":"F Herpich","year":"2020","unstructured":"Herpich, F. & Rincon, F. Management of acute ischemic stroke. Crit. Care Med. 48 (11), 1654 (2020).","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"61392_CR3","volume-title":"Seminars in neurology","author":"M Katan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Katan, M. & Luft, A. Global burden of stroke. In Seminars in neurology (Thieme Medical Publishers, 2018)."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000196957.55928.ab","volume":"37","author":"JL Saver","year":"2006","unstructured":"Saver, J. L. Time is brain\u2014quantified. Stroke 37 (1), 263\u2013266 (2006).","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"6","key":"61392_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.1055","volume":"78","author":"MA Almekhlafi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Almekhlafi, M. A. et al. Healthy life-year costs of treatment speed from arrival to endovascular thrombectomy in patients with ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from 7 randomized clinical trials. JAMA Neurol. 78 (6), 709\u2013717 (2021).","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"61392_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.8286","volume":"322","author":"R Jahan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jahan, R. et al. Association between time to treatment with endovascular reperfusion therapy and outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated in clinical practice. Jama 322 (3), 252\u2013263 (2019).","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"61392_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1269742","volume":"11","author":"F Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu, F. et al. The novel imaging methods in diagnosis and assessment of cerebrovascular diseases: An overview. Front. Med. 11, 1269742 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"61392_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001150","volume":"36","author":"K Fassbender","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fassbender, K., Lesmeister, M. & Merzou, F. Prehospital stroke management and mobile stroke units. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 36 (2), 140 (2023).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"issue":"8","key":"61392_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-324005","volume":"92","author":"K Fassbender","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fassbender, K. et al. Impact of mobile stroke units. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 92 (8), 815\u2013822 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"61392_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2103879","volume":"385","author":"JC Grotta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grotta, J. C. et al. Prospective, multicenter, controlled trial of mobile stroke units. N. Engl. J. Med. 385 (11), 971\u2013981 (2021).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5690","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09760-2","volume":"12","author":"SC Deoni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deoni, S. C. et al. Development of a mobile low-field MRI scanner. Sci. Rep. 12(1), 5690. (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"61392_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.803162","author":"J Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, J. et al. A systematic review of mobile stroke unit among acute stroke patients: Time metrics, adverse events, functional result and cost-effectiveness. Front. Neurol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.803162 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"61392_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12031560","volume":"12","author":"JS Kwok","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kwok, J. S. et al. Bringing CT scanners to the skies: Design of a CT scanner for an air mobile stroke unit. Appl. Sci. 12(3), 1560 (2022).","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"61392_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01422","volume":"10","author":"AP Reimer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reimer, A. P. et al. Cost-consequence analysis of mobile stroke units vs. standard prehospital care and transport. Front. Neurol. 10, 1422 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"61392_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.6.001074","volume":"6","author":"N Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu, N. et al. Inferring deep-brain activity from cortical activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Biomed. Opt. Express. 6 (3), 1074\u20131089 (2015).","journal-title":"Biomedical Opt. express"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"61392_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1159\/000203125","volume":"27","author":"K Meyer-Wiethe","year":"2009","unstructured":"Meyer-Wiethe, K., Sallustio, F. & Kern, R. Diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage with transcranial ultrasound. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 27 (Suppl. 2), 40\u201347 (2009).","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"61392_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3658","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NR05670K","volume":"14","author":"S Harvell-Smith","year":"2022","unstructured":"Harvell-Smith, S. & Thanh, N. T. K. Magnetic particle imaging: Tracer development and the biomedical applications of a radiation-free, sensitive, and quantitative imaging modality. Nanoscale 14(10), 3658\u20133697 (2022).","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"2","key":"61392_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5896","volume":"40","author":"LC Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu, L. C. et al. A review of magnetic particle imaging and perspectives on neuroimaging. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 40 (2), 206\u2013212 (2019).","journal-title":"Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"issue":"7046","key":"61392_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03808","volume":"435","author":"B Gleich","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gleich, B. & Weizenecker, J. Tomographic imaging using the nonlinear response of magnetic particles. Nature 435 (7046), 1214\u20131217 (2005).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"61392_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12120424","volume":"265","author":"J Haegele","year":"2012","unstructured":"Haegele, J. et al. Magnetic particle imaging: Visualization of instruments for cardiovascular intervention. Radiology 265(3), 933\u2013938 (2012).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"61392_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10480","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b05784","volume":"11","author":"P Ludewig","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ludewig, P. et al. Magnetic particle imaging for real-time perfusion imaging in acute stroke. ACS Nano. 11 (10), 10480\u201310488 (2017).","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69299-y","volume":"10","author":"DB Mangarova","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mangarova, D. B. et al. Ex vivo magnetic particle imaging of vascular inflammation in abdominal aortic aneurysm in a murine model. Sci. Rep. 10(1), 12410 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"61392_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0220219","author":"A Davida","year":"2024","unstructured":"Davida, A. & Basari, B. The hardware, tracer, and signal processing methods of magnetic particle imaging: A review. J. Appl. Phys. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/5.0220219 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-025-00603-5","volume":"12","author":"LS Guo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guo, L. S. et al. Exploring the diagnostic potential: magnetic particle imaging for brain diseases. Military Med. Res. 12 (1), 18 (2025).","journal-title":"Military Med. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"61392_CR25","first-page":"1","volume":"59","author":"SB Trisnanto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Trisnanto, S. B. et al. Monotone signal localization using magnetoresistive sensor array for low-field magnetic particle imaging. IEEE Trans. Magn. 59 (11), 1\u20135 (2023).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Magn."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"015019","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ad9db0","volume":"70","author":"E Mattingly","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mattingly, E. et al. Design, construction and validation of a magnetic particle imaging (MPI) system for human brain imaging. Phys. Med. Biol. 70 (1), 015019 (2025).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09704-x","volume":"10","author":"M Gr\u00e4ser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gr\u00e4ser, M. et al. Human-sized magnetic particle imaging for brain applications. Nat. Commun. 10 (1), 1936\u2013p (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s44172-024-00192-6","volume":"3","author":"F Thieben","year":"2024","unstructured":"Thieben, F. et al. System characterization of a human-sized 3D real-time magnetic particle imaging scanner for cerebral applications. Commun. Eng. 3 (1), 47 (2024).","journal-title":"Commun. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-37351-2","volume":"13","author":"P Vogel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vogel, P. et al. IMPI: Portable human-sized magnetic particle imaging scanner for real-time endovascular interventions. Sci. Rep. 13(1), 10472 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-025-00794-x","volume":"5","author":"V Hartung","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hartung, V. et al. Magnetic particle imaging angiography of the femoral artery in a human cadaveric perfusion model. Commun. Med. 5(1), 75 (2025).","journal-title":"Commun. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"61392_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2014.2337931","volume":"51","author":"C Kaethner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaethner, C. et al. Asymmetric scanner design for interventional scenarios in magnetic particle imaging. IEEE Trans. Magn. 51 (2), 1\u20134 (2015).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Magn."},{"issue":"5","key":"61392_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography12050060","volume":"12","author":"C McDonough","year":"2026","unstructured":"McDonough, C. et al. Imaging of Artificial Tumor Models in an Anatomical Breast Phantom with a Single-Sided Magnetic Particle Imaging Scanner. Tomography 12 (5), 60 (2026).","journal-title":"Tomography"},{"issue":"12","key":"61392_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3470","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2024.3427665","volume":"71","author":"C McDonough","year":"2024","unstructured":"McDonough, C., Chrisekos, J. & Tonyushkin, A. Tomographic magnetic particle imaging with a single-sided field-free line scanner. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 71 (12), 3470\u20133481 (2024).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"4","key":"61392_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2024.3522979","volume":"44","author":"Q Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, Q. et al. Single-sided magnetic particle imaging device with offset field based spatial encoding. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging. 44 (4), 1878\u20131889 (2024).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"61392_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.23736\/S1824-4785.21.03361-6","volume":"65","author":"I Boekestijn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boekestijn, I. et al. PET- and SPECT-based navigation strategies to advance procedural accuracy in interventional radiology and image-guided surgery. The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging: Official Publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN)[and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR),[and] Section of the Society of... 65(3), 244\u2013260 (2021).","journal-title":"The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging: Official Publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN)[and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR),[and] Section of the Society of..."},{"issue":"8","key":"61392_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2019.1642104","volume":"16","author":"MN Van Oosterom","year":"2019","unstructured":"Van Oosterom, M. N. et al. Recent advances in nuclear and hybrid detection modalities for image-guided surgery. Expert Rev. Med. Dev. 16 (8), 711\u2013734 (2019).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Med. Dev."},{"issue":"5","key":"61392_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.01.022","volume":"85","author":"S Azargoshasb","year":"2024","unstructured":"Azargoshasb, S. et al. Robot-assisted single photon emission computed tomography: integrating nuclear medicine in robotic urologic surgery. Eur. Urol. 85 (5), 503\u2013505 (2024).","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"issue":"8","key":"61392_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-010-1430-4","volume":"37","author":"T Wendler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wendler, T. et al. First demonstration of 3-D lymphatic mapping in breast cancer using freehand SPECT. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. 37 (8), 1452\u20131461 (2010).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2019.2924254","volume":"39","author":"MN van Oosterom","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Oosterom, M. N. et al. Extending the hybrid surgical guidance concept with freehand fluorescence tomography. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 39(1), 226\u2013235 (2019).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"61392_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-016-1487-z","volume":"12","author":"F Monge","year":"2017","unstructured":"Monge, F. et al. Acquisition models in intraoperative positron surface imaging. Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg. 12 (4), 691\u2013703 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-021-02458-2","volume":"17","author":"S Azargoshasb","year":"2022","unstructured":"Azargoshasb, S. et al. Advancing intraoperative magnetic tracing using 3D freehand magnetic particle imaging. Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg. 17 (1), 211\u2013218 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19480-1","volume":"8","author":"M Sekino","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sekino, M. et al. Handheld magnetic probe with permanent magnet and Hall sensor for identifying sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 1195 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"61392_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2020.100466","volume":"11","author":"M Ortner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ortner, M. & Bandeira, L. G. C. Magpylib: A free Python package for magnetic field computation. SoftwareX 11, 100466 (2020).","journal-title":"SoftwareX"},{"issue":"3","key":"61392_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/60\/3\/1031","volume":"60","author":"A Hartl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hartl, A. et al. Detection models for freehand SPECT reconstruction. Phys. Med. Biol. 60 (3), 1031 (2015).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"61392_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics18040497","volume":"18","author":"A Negri","year":"2026","unstructured":"Negri, A. & Bongers, A. From magnetic moment to magnetic particle imaging: A comprehensive review on MPI technology, tracer design and biological applications. Pharmaceutics 18(4), 497 (2026).","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"5","key":"61392_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-025-03558-5","volume":"67","author":"A Rau","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rau, A. et al. Contrast bolus timing in CT-angiography and CT-perfusion: insights from a large clinical dataset. Neuroradiology 67 (5), 1171\u20131181 (2025).","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"61392_CR47","unstructured":"Food, U. S. & Administration, D. Feraheme (ferumoxytol) Injection \u2013 Prescribing Information (Silver Spring, MD, 2009)."},{"issue":"6","key":"61392_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23712","volume":"89","author":"D Hetzel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hetzel, D. et al. A Phase III, randomized, open-label trial of ferumoxytol compared with iron sucrose for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with a history of unsatisfactory oral iron therapy. Am. J. Hematol. 89 (6), 646\u2013650 (2014).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"61392_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/9.0000387","author":"SB Trisnanto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Trisnanto, S. B. et al. Sub-pT oscillatory magnetometric system using magnetoresistive sensor array for a low-field magnetic particle imaging. AIP Adv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/9.0000387 (2023).","journal-title":"AIP Adv."},{"issue":"12","key":"61392_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3553","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.003079","volume":"44","author":"S Kamalian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kamalian, S. et al. Clot length distribution and predictors in anterior circulation stroke: Implications for intra-arterial therapy. Stroke 44(12), 3553\u20133556 (2013).","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"7","key":"61392_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2022.3162840","volume":"110","author":"SE Salcudean","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salcudean, S. E. et al. Robot-assisted medical imaging: A review. Proc. IEEE 110(7), 951\u2013967 (2022).","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE"},{"issue":"7","key":"61392_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2013.04.009","volume":"17","author":"J Vogel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vogel, J. et al. Trajectory optimization for intra-operative nuclear tomographic imaging. Med. Image. Anal. 17 (7), 723\u2013731 (2013).","journal-title":"Med. Image. Anal."},{"issue":"11","key":"61392_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.124.268256","volume":"65","author":"G Pisano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pisano, G. et al. Freehand SPECT Combined with 3-Dimensional Light Detection and Ranging as Alternative Means of Specimen Scanning During Prostate Cancer Surgery. J. Nucl. Med. 65 (11), 1816\u20131817 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"61392_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pisano, G. et al. Back-table specimen scanning using gantry-free hybrid h SPECT\/LiDAR imaging: a feasibility study during PSMA-radioguided surgery. Surg. Endosc. 1\u201312. (2025).","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-025-12081-w"},{"key":"61392_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2025.110221","author":"G Krishnan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Krishnan, G. et al. Mannose-labelled magnetic nanoparticles for sentinel lymph node biopsy in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Initial results from a phase 1 clinical trial. Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejso.2025.110221 (2025).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Surg. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"61392_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010205","volume":"19","author":"BT Pham","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pham, B. T. et al. Biodistribution and clearance of stable superparamagnetic maghemite iron oxide nanoparticles in mice following intraperitoneal administration. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 19(1), 205 (2018).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"61392_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S93225","author":"BT Pham","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pham, B. T. et al. The interaction of sterically stabilized magnetic nanoparticles with fresh human red blood cells. Int. J. Nanomed. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJN.S93225 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-61392-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-61392-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-61392-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:55:50Z","timestamp":1791244550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-61392-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["61392"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-61392-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"SB and AC are employees of the company Ferronova. However, the company had no role in the design or reporting of the study. The other authors have no disclosures to state.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"31048"}}