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As basic research resource, we developed a draft genome assembly using long-read ONT sequencing and provide a structural and functional gene annotation for an annual caraway inbred line. To elucidate the genetic control of flowering, a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was conducted for an F\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    population (N\u2009=\u2009187) generating 731 strictly filtered SNPs. A linkage map was constructed spanning 663\u00a0cM across 10 linkage groups with in total 634 (full map) or 259 (thinned map) SNPs. Contrary to its dominance in F\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , annual flowering occurred in only 36% of F\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    plants under late sowing conditions. Furthermore, the annual F\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    plants exhibited delayed flowering compared to the annual parent. QTL analysis identified five significant QTLs for (adjusted) flowering time (LG02, LG03, LG05, LG08 and LG10) explaining 6.1% to 10.5% (in total 42.7%) of phenotypic variance. The results support a polygenic predominately additive model for flowering induction in caraway. In addition, two QTLs for flower color (LG01, LG10) were detected explaining 10.9% and 26.0% of phenotypic variance, respectively. This study provides a comprehensive genomic resource for caraway, bridging the gap between traditional breeding and molecular improvement.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-61767-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T13:03:55Z","timestamp":1784034235000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dissecting flowering time and flower color in Carum carvi utilizing a long-read draft genome and a GBS-based QTL mapping"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7674-1559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"von Maydell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Shiang","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Junghanns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6727-6891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvonne","family":"Poeschl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1639-8036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holger","family":"Budahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Marthe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6792-7076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"Keilwagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1073-6719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Schmutzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"61767_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244666","volume":"15","author":"D von Maydell","year":"2021","unstructured":"von Maydell, D. et al. 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