{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T10:18:32Z","timestamp":1787912312019,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Julius K\u00fchn-Institut (JKI), Bundesforschungsinstitut f\u00fcr Kulturpflanzen"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study evaluated the biocontrol potential of ten commercially available microbial soil additives and fungicides against major soil-borne pathogens (\n                    <jats:italic>Rhizoctonia solani<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Diaporthe longicolla<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) to identify immediate, market-ready solutions for farmers, in the case of soil additives without the delay of product registration. In vitro dual cultures demonstrated strain- and pathogen-dependent antagonistic activity, with\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    being less effective than the tested\n                    <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains. Regarding bacterial antagonists, the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and lytic enzymes was confirmed in vitro, indicating potential mechanisms of antagonism. Compatibility tests on soybean plants demonstrated no negative effects on germination, overall growth, or nodule abundance in nearly all cases. In greenhouse bioassays, under high\n                    <jats:italic>R. solani<\/jats:italic>\n                    pressure (1.5%) microbial treatments did not significantly restore germination rate and seedling growth. However,\n                    <jats:italic>T. harzianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    T50 (Vitalin Trichoderma) and\n                    <jats:italic>T. harzianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\n                    <jats:italic>P. fluorescens<\/jats:italic>\n                    mixture (Trillus), significantly reduced hypocotyl lesion severity and increased the proportion of symptom-free seedlings. Overall,\n                    <jats:italic>in planta<\/jats:italic>\n                    efficacy was highly variable compared to the strong in vitro inhibition. Nevertheless, selected commercial strains show clear potential to mitigate severe disease symptoms under high\n                    <jats:italic>R. solani<\/jats:italic>\n                    pressure.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-67813-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T08:14:22Z","timestamp":1787904862000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolated from commercial products show biocontrol activity against soil-borne pathogens in soybean"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Franziska","family":"Porsche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwin S.","family":"Nagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hammelehle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7132-9303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ada","family":"Linkies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"67813_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.56557\/pcbmb\/2024\/v25i3-48643","volume":"25","author":"R Mishra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mishra, R., Tripathi, M. K., Sikarwar, R. S., Singh, Y. & Tripathi, N. Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill): A multipurpose legume shaping our world. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology 25(3\u20134), 17\u201337 (2024).","journal-title":"Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"67813_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.13466","volume":"42","author":"CH Foyer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Foyer, C. H. et al. Modelling predicts that soybean is poised to dominate crop production across Africa. Plant. Cell. Environ. 42 (1), 373\u2013385 (2019).","journal-title":"Plant. Cell. Environ."},{"key":"67813_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.9734\/ajbgmb\/2024\/v16i2357","volume":"16","author":"M Hamza","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hamza, M. et al. Global impact of soybean production: a review. Asian J. Biochem. Genet. Mol. Biology. 16, 12\u201320 (2024).","journal-title":"Asian J. Biochem. Genet. Mol. Biology"},{"key":"67813_CR4","unstructured":"agriculture USdo. 2024\/2025 soybeans production 2025 [Available from: https:\/\/www.fas.usda.gov\/data\/production\/commodity\/2222000"},{"key":"67813_CR5","volume-title":"EU agricultural outlook for markets, income and environment 2021\u20132031","author":"European Commission","year":"2021","unstructured":"European Commission. EU agricultural outlook for markets, income and environment 2021\u20132031 (Publications Office of the European Union, 2021)."},{"issue":"1","key":"67813_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7612","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57522-z","volume":"14","author":"JL Rotundo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rotundo, J. L. et al. European soybean to benefit people and the environment. Sci. Rep. 14 (1), 7612 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"67813_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14030601","author":"M Pointke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pointke, M. & Pawelzik, E. Plant-based alternative products: Are they healthy alternatives? Micro- and macronutrients and nutritional scoring. Nutrients https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14030601 (2022).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"67813_CR8","unstructured":"Beans, B. M. L. E. H. Peas & Co. - The Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture\u2018s Protein Crop Strategy for promoting the cultivation of pulses in Germany (In: Federal Ministry of Agriculture FaRI, editor., 2021)."},{"issue":"4","key":"67813_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1139\/cjps-2023-0162","volume":"104","author":"R Suo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Suo, R. et al. Low temperature and excess moisture affect seed germination of soybean (Glycine max L.) under controlled environments. Can. J. Plant Sci. 104(4), 375\u201387 (2024).","journal-title":"Can. J. Plant Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"67813_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy13071716","volume":"13","author":"X Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, X., Li, X., Zhou, Q., Song, S. & Dong, S. Comparison and evaluation of low-temperature tolerance of different soybean cultivars during the early-growth stage. Agronomy 13 (7), 1716 (2023).","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"67813_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/9780890544754","volume-title":"Compendium of Soybean Diseases and Pests, Fifth Edition","author":"GL Hartman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hartman, G. L. et al. Compendium of Soybean Diseases and Pests, Fifth Edition (The American Phytopathological Society, 2016)."},{"issue":"6","key":"67813_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13061366","volume":"13","author":"RF Moreira","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moreira, R. F. et al. A novel neotropical Bacillus siamensis strain inhibits soil-borne plant pathogens and promotes soybean growth. Microorganisms 13 (6), 1366 (2025).","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"2","key":"67813_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B1","DOI":"10.1603\/IPM11033","volume":"3","author":"AJ Peltier","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peltier, A. J. et al. Biology, yield loss and control of Sclerotinia stem rot of soybean. J. Integr. Pest Manage. 3 (2), B1\u2013B7 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Integr. Pest Manage."},{"key":"67813_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2026.03.012","author":"C De Pessemier","year":"2026","unstructured":"De Pessemier, C., Vandecasteele, M., Hamonts, K., Van Damme, D. & Goormachtig, S. Licensed to protect: Microbial biocontrol challenges and opportunities. Trends Plant Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tplants.2026.03.012 (2026).","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"67813_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1007\/s44372-025-00421-y","volume":"2","author":"H-T Nguyen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nguyen, H-T. et al. Microbial biocontrol in agriculture: from mechanistic Understanding to field application. Discover Plants. 2 (1), 334 (2025).","journal-title":"Discover Plants"},{"issue":"2","key":"67813_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-024-11480-y","volume":"44","author":"AR Sheoran","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sheoran, A. R. et al. Enhancing plant disease resistance: Insights from biocontrol agent strategies. J. Plant Growth Regul. 44(2), 436\u201359 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Plant Growth Regul."},{"key":"67813_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.923880","volume":"13","author":"MT El-Saadony","year":"2022","unstructured":"El-Saadony, M. T. et al. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms as biocontrol agents of plant diseases: Mechanisms, challenges and future perspectives. Front. Plant Sci. 13, 19 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"67813_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3390\/applmicrobiol5040123","volume":"5","author":"MM Hossain","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hossain, M. M. et al. Biological management of soil-borne pathogens through tripartite rhizosphere interactions with plant growth-promoting fungi. Appl. Microbiol. 5 (4), 123 (2025).","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"67813_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1007\/s41348-021-00498-z","volume":"128","author":"T Pfeiffer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pfeiffer, T. et al. Selection of bacteria and fungi for control of soilborne seedling diseases of maize. J. Plant Dis. Prot. 128 (5), 1227\u20131241 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Plant Dis. Prot."},{"issue":"7","key":"67813_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016898020810","volume":"18","author":"GM Dal Bello","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dal Bello, G. M., M\u00f3naco, C. I. & Sim\u00f3n, M. R. Biological control of seedling blight of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum with beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 18(7), 627\u201336 (2002).","journal-title":"World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"67813_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2025.105776","volume":"205","author":"A Govin-Sanjudo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Govin-Sanjudo, A., Rojas Badia, M. M., Jacquard, C. & Esmaeel, Q. Exploring Fusarium biocontrol, drought tolerance, and plant growth promotion by Bacillus strains from Cuban wheat varieties. Biol. Control 205, 105776 (2025).","journal-title":"Biol. Control"},{"key":"67813_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2023.105346","volume":"186","author":"V-C Han","year":"2023","unstructured":"Han, V.-C., Michael, P. J., Swift, B. & Bennett, S. J. Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: Modes of action of biocontrol agents, soil organic amendments, and soil microbiome manipulation. Biol. Control 186, 105346 (2023).","journal-title":"Biol. Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"67813_CR23","first-page":"688","volume":"42","author":"W Jarecki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jarecki, W. & Bobrecka-Jamro, D. Influence of seed inoculation with commercial bacterial inoculants (Bradyrhizobium japonicum) on growth and yield of soybean. Legume Res. 42 (5), 688\u2013693 (2019).","journal-title":"Legume Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"67813_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy10091300","volume":"10","author":"J Prusinski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Prusinski, J., Baturo-Ciesniewska, A. & Borowska, M. Response of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) to mineral nitrogen fertilization and Bradyrhizobium japonicum seed inoculation. Agronomy 10 (9), 16 (2020).","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"67813_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eja.2015.09.008","volume":"72","author":"S Zimmer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zimmer, S. et al. Effects of soybean variety and Bradyrhizobium strains on yield, protein content and biological nitrogen fixation under cool growing conditions in Germany. Eur. J. Agron. 72, 38\u201346 (2016).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"issue":"1","key":"67813_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.12733","volume":"67","author":"OO Ajayi-Oyetunde","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ajayi-Oyetunde, O. O. & Bradley, C. A. Rhizoctonia solani: Taxonomy, population biology and management of rhizoctonia seedling disease of soybean. Plant Pathol. 67(1), 3\u201317 (2018).","journal-title":"Plant Pathol."},{"issue":"12","key":"67813_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3234","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-11-18-1952-RE","volume":"103","author":"DR Cruz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cruz, D. R., Leandro, L. F. S. & Munkvold, G. P. Effects of temperature and pH on Fusarium oxysporum and soybean seedling disease. Plant Dis. 103 (12), 3234\u20133243 (2019).","journal-title":"Plant Dis."},{"key":"67813_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talmo, N. & Ranjan, A. Comparative insights into soybean and other oilseed crops\u2019 defense mechanisms against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Front. Plant Sci. ;Volume 16\u20132025. (2025).","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1616824"},{"issue":"4","key":"67813_CR29","first-page":"249","volume":"7","author":"T Ben\u00edtez","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ben\u00edtez, T., Rinc\u00f3n, A. M., Lim\u00f3n, M. C. & Cod\u00f3n, A. C. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Int. Microbiol. 7 (4), 249\u2013260 (2004).","journal-title":"Int. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"67813_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-96-0190","volume":"96","author":"GE Harman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harman, G. E. Overview of mechanisms and uses of Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology 96 (2), 190\u2013194 (2006).","journal-title":"Phytopathology"},{"key":"67813_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.2174\/1874437001408010127","volume":"8","author":"F Vinale","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vinale, F., Sivasithamparam, K., Ghisalberti, E. L. & Woo, S. Trichoderma secondary metabolites active on plants and fungal pathogens. Open. Mycol. J. 8, 127\u2013139 (2014).","journal-title":"Open. Mycol. J."},{"key":"67813_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1160551","volume":"14","author":"X Yao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yao, X. et al. Trichoderma and its role in biological control of plant fungal and nematode disease. Front. Microbiol. 14, 15 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"67813_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11070535","volume":"11","author":"K Atlagic","year":"2025","unstructured":"Atlagic, K. et al. Biocontrol potential of native Trichoderma strains toward soil-borne phytopathogenic and saprotrophic Fungi. J. Fungi. 11 (7), 24 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"67813_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.5935\/1806-6690.20250054","volume":"56","author":"LR da Silva","year":"2025","unstructured":"da Silva, L. R. et al. Biocontrol of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium spp., and the agronomic performance of soybean by Trichoderma spp.1. Rev. Cienc. Agron. 56, 14 (2025).","journal-title":"Rev. Cienc. Agron."},{"issue":"1","key":"67813_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/jph.70012","volume":"173","author":"IR Fagundes-Nacarath","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fagundes-Nacarath, I. R. et al. Antagonistic potential of different species of Trichoderma against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. J. Phytopathol. 173 (1), 10 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Phytopathol."},{"issue":"4","key":"67813_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/jph.70130","volume":"173","author":"TS Rashid","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rashid, T. S. Efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum as a natural biocontrol and growth-promoting agent against selected tomato fungal pathogens. J. Phytopathol. 173 (4), 8 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Phytopathol."},{"key":"67813_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S1087-1845(02)00583-2","volume":"38","author":"CP Kubicek","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kubicek, C. P., Bissett, J., Druzhinina, I., Kullnig-Gradinger, C. & Szakacs, G. Genetic and metabolic diversity of Trichoderma: A case study on South-East Asian isolates. Fungal Genet. Biol. 38, 310\u20139 (2003).","journal-title":"Fungal Genet. Biol."},{"key":"67813_CR38","unstructured":"Raut, I. et al. Evaluation of Trichoderma spp. as a biocontrol agent against Phytophthora parasitica (Scientific Bulletin Series F Biotechnologies, Vol XXI., 2017)."},{"issue":"7","key":"67813_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1080\/09583157.2016.1169509","volume":"26","author":"K Divilov","year":"2016","unstructured":"Divilov, K. & Walker, D. R. Reaction of Diaporthe longicolla to a strain of Sarocladium kiliense. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 26 (7), 938\u2013950 (2016).","journal-title":"Biocontrol Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"67813_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1007\/s11157-025-09733-7","volume":"24","author":"LS Almeida","year":"2025","unstructured":"Almeida, L. S., Inoue, S. K. G., Marques, J. M. & da Silva, J. K. R. A review of antifungal activity of bacterial strains and their secondary metabolites against Fusarium species. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio\/Technology 24(3), 695\u2013732 (2025).","journal-title":"Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio\/Technology"},{"key":"67813_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00780","volume":"6","author":"SP Chowdhury","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chowdhury, S. P., Hartmann, A., Gao, X. W. & Borriss, R. Biocontrol mechanism by root-associated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42-a review. Front. Microbiol. 6, 11 (2015).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"67813_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1275986","volume":"14","author":"L Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun, L. et al. Bacillus velezensis BVE7 as a promising agent for biocontrol of soybean root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Front. Microbiol. 14, 13 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"67813_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.618415","volume":"11","author":"GM Teixeira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Teixeira, G. M. et al. Genomic insights into the antifungal activity and plant growth-promoting ability in Bacillus velezensis CMRP 4490. Front. Microbiol. 11, 14 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"67813_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mishra, P., Mishra, J., Dwivedi, S. K. & Arora, N. K. Microbial enzymes in biocontrol of phytopathogens. Microorganisms Sustain. ;11. (2020).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1710-5_10"},{"key":"67813_CR45","unstructured":"BVL. Verzeichnis zugelassener Pflanzenschutzmittel - Standardsuche: Bundesamt f\u00fcr Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit. [ (2026). Available from: https:\/\/psm-zulassung.bvl.bund.de\/psm\/jsp\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"67813_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2008.10.011","volume":"140","author":"XH Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen, X. H. et al. Genome analysis of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 reveals its potential for biocontrol of plant pathogens. J. Biotechnol. 140(1), 27\u201337 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"67813_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.6145","volume":"77","author":"A Samaras","year":"2021","unstructured":"Samaras, A., Hadjipetrou, C. & Karaoglanidis, G. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain QST713 may contribute to the management of SDHI resistance in Botrytis cinerea. Pest Manag. Sci. 77 (3), 1316\u20131327 (2021).","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"67813_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1129","volume":"3","author":"D Haas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haas, D. & D\u00e9fago, G. Biological control of soil-borne pathogens by fluorescent pseudomonads. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 3 (4), 307\u2013319 (2005).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"67813_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40694-016-0025-7","volume":"3","author":"S Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee, S., Yap, M., Behringer, G., Hung, R. & Bennett, J. W. Volatile organic compounds emitted by Trichoderma species mediate plant growth. Fungal Biol. Biotechnol. 3(1), 7 (2016).","journal-title":"Fungal Biol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"67813_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2018.01.002","volume":"208","author":"P Fincheira","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fincheira, P. & Quiroz, A. Microbial volatiles as plant growth inducers. Microbiol. Res. 208, 63\u201375 (2018).","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"67813_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2008.01805.x","volume":"11","author":"D Minerdi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Minerdi, D., Bossi, S., Gullino, M. L. & Garibaldi, A. Volatile organic compounds: a potential direct long-distance mechanism for antagonistic action of Fusarium oxysporum strain MSA 35. Environ. Microbiol. 11 (4), 844\u2013854 (2009).","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"67813_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.922450","author":"XX Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao, X. X., Zhou, J. Y., Tian, R. F. & Liu, Y. L. Microbial volatile organic compounds: Antifungal mechanisms, applications, and challenges. Front. Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2022.922450 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"67813_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-04-18-0118-R","volume":"108","author":"VC Massawe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Massawe, V. C. et al. Volatile compounds of endophytic Bacillus spp. have biocontrol activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Phytopathology 108(12), 1373\u201385 (2018).","journal-title":"Phytopathology"},{"issue":"17","key":"67813_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5267","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c00640","volume":"69","author":"K Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, K. et al. Antifungal mechanism of volatile organic compounds produced by Bacillus subtilis CF-3 on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides assessed using omics technology. J. Agric. Food Chem. 69 (17), 5267\u20135278 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"67813_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.164577","volume":"892","author":"N Luo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luo, N., Wang, M. X., Nie, Y. & Wu, X. L. Volatile compounds-induced environmental pH shifts mediate interspecific bacterial interactions over long-distance. Sci. Total Environ. 892, 10 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"2","key":"67813_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/9\/2\/027102","volume":"9","author":"AH Neerincx","year":"2015","unstructured":"Neerincx, A. H. et al. Real-time monitoring of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and ammonia (NH3) emitted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Breath. Res. 9 (2), 8 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Breath. Res."},{"key":"67813_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00061-7","volume":"7","author":"J Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao, J. et al. Suppression of Fusarium wilt of cucumber by ammonia gas fumigation via reduction of Fusarium population in the field. Sci. Rep. 7, 8 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"67813_CR58","first-page":"881","volume":"29","author":"G Dzienis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dzienis, G., Olszewski, J., Okorski, A. & Pszcz\u00f3lkowska, A. The effect of mineral N fertilization and seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on soybean development and yield in north-eastern Poland. J. Elem. 29 (4), 881\u2013909 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Elem."},{"issue":"26","key":"67813_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.py.26.090188.002115","volume":"26","author":"DM Weller","year":"1988","unstructured":"Weller, D. M. Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens in the rhizosphere with bacteria. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 26 (26), 379\u2013407 (1988).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Phytopathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"67813_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s10658-005-0233-0","volume":"114","author":"C Alabouvette","year":"2006","unstructured":"Alabouvette, C., Olivain, C. & Steinberg, C. Biological control of plant diseases: the European situation. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 114 (3), 329\u2013341 (2006).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"67813_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/52.suppl_1.487","volume":"52","author":"JM Whipps","year":"2001","unstructured":"Whipps, J. M. Microbial interactions and biocontrol in the rhizosphere. J. Exp. Bot. 52, 487\u2013511 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"issue":"5","key":"67813_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008733927515","volume":"106","author":"TC Paulitz","year":"2000","unstructured":"Paulitz, T. C. Population dynamics of biocontrol agents and pathogens in soils and rhizospheres. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 106(5), 401\u201313 (2000).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"67813_CR63","unstructured":"K\u00f6hl, J., Blum, B., Nicot, P. & Ruocco, M. (eds) Screening criteria for the development of commercial products for biocontrol of plant pathogens. Biological Control of Fungal and Bacterial Plant Pathogens; : IOBC-WPRS Bulletin (2012) 01\/01."},{"key":"67813_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01121","volume":"7","author":"HS Nzioki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nzioki, H. S. et al. Striga biocontrol on a toothpick: A readily deployable and inexpensive method for smallholder farmers. Front. Plant Sci. 7, 8 (2016).","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"67813_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-18905-2","volume":"12","author":"KT Win","year":"2022","unstructured":"Win, K. T. et al. Identification of Pseudomonas strains for the biological control of soybean red crown root rot. Sci. Rep. 12(1), 14510 (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"67813_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132009","volume":"10","author":"Q Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li, Q., Wu, L., Hao, J., Luo, L. & Li, J. Biofumigation on post-harvest diseases of fruits using a new volatile-producing fungus of Ceratocystis fimbriata. PLoS One 10, e0132009 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"67813_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Homa, M. et al. In vitro interactions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Scedosporium species frequently associated with cystic fibrosis. Front. Microbiol. ;Volume 10\u20132019. (2019).","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00441"},{"key":"67813_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0434.2007.01367.x","volume":"156","author":"F Ludovic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ludovic, F., Nassr, N., Lebeau, T. & Walter, B. Effects of the plant defence inducer, acibenzolar-S\u2010methyl, on hypocotyl rot of soybean caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG\u20104. J. Phytopathol. 156, 236\u2013242 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Phytopathol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-67813-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-67813-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-67813-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T10:02:54Z","timestamp":1787911374000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-67813-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["67813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-67813-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"27089"}}