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This study documented plants used for diabetes-related complaints in Biswanath district, quantified diabetes-specific salience and consensus, and integrated ethnobotanical indices with pharmacological evidence. From December 2022 to March 2024, semi-structured interviews with 440 informants were complemented by voucher-based taxonomic authentication. Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) and Fidelity Level (FL) were diabetes-specific, whereas Use Value (UV) measured ethnomedicinal versatility across all ailments. Published species-level antidiabetic evidence was graded as no eligible evidence, in vitro only, or in vivo and\/or human. We documented 63 species in 57 genera and 39 families. Among 83 plant-part use records, fruit (22.9%) and leaf (21.7%) were most frequent.\n                    <jats:italic>Andrographis paniculata<\/jats:italic>\n                    (RFC\u2009=\u20090.223),\n                    <jats:italic>Kalanchoe pinnata<\/jats:italic>\n                    (0.200), and\n                    <jats:italic>Nyctanthes arbor-tristis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (0.180) were most frequently cited for diabetes;\n                    <jats:italic>Allium sativum<\/jats:italic>\n                    had the highest overall UV across all ailments (2.359), and\n                    <jats:italic>Syzygium cumini<\/jats:italic>\n                    the highest diabetes-specific FL (92.59%). Evidence\u2013salience mapping placed 16 species (25.4%) in the Overlap zone; none met Gap-zone criteria under the species-level framework.\n                    <jats:italic>Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Alocasia odora<\/jats:italic>\n                    had only in vitro evidence. The framework supports prioritisation but does not establish the efficacy or safety of locally used plant parts or preparations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-70735-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:25:18Z","timestamp":1788863118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantitative ethnobotany and evidence-based analysis of antidiabetic medicinal plants used in Biswanath district, Assam, India"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3694-0813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bichitra","family":"Gohain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9765-2000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rishab","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5597-1484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Soibam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8537-8405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor Singh","family":"Ayam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"70735_CR1","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. 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