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However, optical detection of defects, especially single-atom point defects, is very challenging in 2D layers. Here, we report our systematic studies on the Raman-activated defect vibrational modes in 2D semimetallic material by combining Raman spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT) calculation and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We observed three common Raman-active vibrational modes located at 95 (<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$A_{1g}^2$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msubsup>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>A<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                          <mml:mi>g<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msubsup>\n                    <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>), 228 (<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$A_{1g}^1$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msubsup>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>A<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                          <mml:mi>g<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msubsup>\n                    <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>), and 304\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$B_{1g}^1$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msubsup>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>B<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                          <mml:mi>g<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msubsup>\n                    <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>) in ZrSiTe few-layers, consistent with our theoretical calculations. Moreover, a pronounced mode sitting at 131.7\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> was found in the ZrSiTe monolayer. This mode fades out quickly in the bilayer (2L) and eventually disappears in 4L. The high-resolution STM images and DFT calculations suggest this mode to be an intralayer shear mode at the Brillouin zone boundary which is activated by atomic point defects, and STM-based inelastic tunneling spectrum further confirms the existence of such a defect mode. The appearance of such \u2018forbidden\u2019 modes in Raman spectra may pave an avenue for the optical characterization of single-atom point defects in metallic 2D layers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41699-019-0093-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,11]],"date-time":"2019-03-11T11:03:05Z","timestamp":1552302185000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Raman detection of hidden phonons assisted by atomic point defects in a two-dimensional semimetal"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xieyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haigen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaojian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhibin","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0080-4239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanglin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5249-6624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"93_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"081201","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.92.081201","volume":"92","author":"C Fang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fang, C., Chen, Y., Kee, H.-Y. & Fu, L. 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