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Here we analysed the multifaceted impacts of the military actions on freshwater resources and water infrastructure during the first three months of the conflict. We identified the nature of the impacts, the kind of pressures imposed on the water sector and the negative consequences for the availability and quality of freshwater resources for the civilian population. Our results showed that many water infrastructures such as dams at reservoirs, water supply and treatment systems and subsurface mines have been impacted or are at risk from military actions. Continuation of the conflict will have multiple negative sustainability implications not only in Ukraine but also on a global scale, hampering achievement of clean water and sanitation, conservation and sustainable use of water resources, and energy and food security.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-023-01068-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T17:03:13Z","timestamp":1677776593000},"page":"578-586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":203,"title":["Impact of the Russia\u2013Ukraine armed conflict on water resources and water infrastructure"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6270-7242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleksandra","family":"Shumilova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klement","family":"Tockner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6942-2098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Sukhodolov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentyn","family":"Khilchevskyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"De Meester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6343-3968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergiy","family":"Stepanenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0835-3551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ganna","family":"Trokhymenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6584-5774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Antonio","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Ag\u00fcero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Gleick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"1068_CR1","unstructured":"Water and Sanitation Interlinkages Across the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (UN-Water Technical Advisory Unit, 2016)."},{"key":"1068_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-011-9746-9","volume":"48","author":"RA Francis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Francis, R. 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