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Here we report the first annotated chromosome-level reference genome assembly for yellowstripe goby. A 20.67-cM sex determination region was discovered on chromosome 5 and seven potential sex-determining genes were identified. Based on combined genome and transcriptome data, we identified three key lipid metabolic pathways for high-fat accumulation in the liver of yellowstripe goby. The changes in the expression patterns of <jats:italic>MGLL<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CPT1<\/jats:italic> at different development stage of the liver, and the expansion of the <jats:italic>ABCA1<\/jats:italic> gene, innate immune gene <jats:italic>TLR23<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TRIM<\/jats:italic> family genes may help in balancing high-fat storage in hepatocytes and steatohepatitis. These results may provide insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and high-fat storage in the liver of marine fishes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01541-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T11:02:41Z","timestamp":1609758161000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Whole-genome sequencing reveals sex determination and liver high-fat storage mechanisms of yellowstripe goby (Mugilogobius chulae)"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8993-3231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guocheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanzheng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9252-5220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yabing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongyu","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meili","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6993-6067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lujun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhensheng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huixin","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3827-984X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1541_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-017-0427-9","volume":"2","author":"P Muralidhar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muralidhar, P. & Veller, C. 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