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In particular, molecular data from extinct Holocene island faunas have revealed surprising biogeographic scenarios. Here, we recovered partial mitochondrial (mt) genomes for 1300\u20131400 year old specimens (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092) of the extinct \u201chorned\u201d crocodile,\n                    <jats:italic>Voay robustus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , collected from Holocene deposits in southwestern Madagascar. Phylogenetic analyses of partial mt genomes and tip-dated timetrees based on molecular, fossil, and stratigraphic data favor a sister group relationship between\n                    <jats:italic>Voay<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Crocodylus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (true crocodiles). These well supported trees conflict with recent morphological systematic work that has consistently placed\n                    <jats:italic>Voay<\/jats:italic>\n                    within Osteolaeminae (dwarf crocodiles and kin) and provide evidence for likely homoplasy in crocodylian cranial anatomy and snout shape. The close relationship between\n                    <jats:italic>Voay<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Crocodylus<\/jats:italic>\n                    lends additional context for understanding the biogeographic origins of these genera and refines competing hypotheses for the recent extinction of\n                    <jats:italic>Voay<\/jats:italic>\n                    from Madagascar.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02017-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T06:13:30Z","timestamp":1619504010000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Paleogenomics illuminates the evolutionary history of the extinct Holocene \u201chorned\u201d crocodile of Madagascar, Voay robustus"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9250-3091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Hekkala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Gatesy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Narechania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3132-7407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Meredith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9297-2485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Russello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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