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To test this, we recorded in the entorhinal cortex (EC) and hippocampus (HPC) as macaques performed an associative learning task using an error-driven learning strategy, defined as better performance after error relative to correct trials. Error-detection signals were more prominent in the EC relative to HPC. Early in learning hippocampal but not EC neurons signaled error-driven learning by increasing their population stimulus-selectivity following error trials. This same pattern was not seen in another task where error-driven learning was not used. After learning, different populations of cells in both the EC and HPC signaled long-term memory of newly learned associations with enhanced stimulus-selective responses. These results suggest prominent but differential contributions of EC and HPC to learning from errors and a particularly important role of the EC in error-detection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02096-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T06:03:09Z","timestamp":1621836189000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The contributions of entorhinal cortex and hippocampus to error driven learning"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7397-4752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shih-pi","family":"Ku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric L.","family":"Hargreaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7002-329X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvia","family":"Wirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2205-7377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy A.","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2096_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.34.4.918","volume":"34","author":"AC Butler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Butler, A. 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