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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of \u03b2-glucan polysaccharides in the effector phase of arthritis and as regulators of psoriasis and PsA-like symptoms in mice. Collagen antibody induced arthritis was studied as a model of RA and mannan-induced psoriasis (MIP) was used as model for psoriasis and PsA, using mice with a mutation of Ncf1 on the B10.Q genetic background, making them highly disease susceptible. The mice were exposed to three common variants: 1,6-\u03b2-glucan, 1,3-\u03b2-glucan and 1,3-1,6-\u03b2-glucan. These \u03b2-glucans down-regulated disease in mice if administered simultaneously, before or after mannan. Interestingly, the protection was macrophage mannose receptor (MMR\/CD206) dependent with a more pronounced protection long-term than short-term. The number of resident peritoneal macrophages decreased after in vivo challenge with \u03b2-glucan and mannan compared to mannan alone, whereas the numbers of infiltrating cells correspondingly increased, further indicating macrophages as key for \u03b2-glucan mediated regulation. At the doses tested, \u03b2-glucans could not induce arthritis, psoriasis or PsA in wild-type mice. However, \u03b2-glucans could ameliorate the PsA-like symptoms representing a new unforeseen possibility to explore for future clinical treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03376-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T10:33:06Z","timestamp":1652351586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Variants of beta-glucan polysaccharides downregulate autoimmune inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3850-4848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Fahlquist-Hagert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Outi","family":"Sareila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Rosendahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4969-2576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikard","family":"Holmdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"3376_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041320","volume":"352","author":"PS Michael","year":"2005","unstructured":"Michael, P. 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