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In the central nervous system, OXT regulates behaviours including maternal and feeding behaviours. Our aim is to evaluate whether oestrogen regulates hypothalamic OXT dynamics. Herein, we provide the first evidence that OXT dynamics in the hypothalamus vary with sex and that oestrogen may modulate dynamic changes in OXT levels, using OXT-mRFP1 transgenic rats. The fluorescence intensity of OXT-mRFP1 and expression of the\n                    <jats:italic>OXT<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>mRFP1<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes in the hypothalamic nuclei is highest during the oestrus stage in female rats and decrease\n                    <jats:strike>d<\/jats:strike>\n                    significantly in ovariectomised rats. Oestrogen replacement cause\n                    <jats:strike>d<\/jats:strike>\n                    significant increases in fluorescence intensity and gene expression in a dose-related manner. This is also demonstrated in the rats\u2019 feeding behaviour and hypothalamic Fos neurons using cholecystokinin-8 and immunohistochemistry. Hypothalamic OXT expression is oestrogen-dependent and can be enhanced centrally by the administration of oestrogen.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03889-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T14:02:33Z","timestamp":1662386553000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Oestrogen-dependent hypothalamic oxytocin expression with changes in feeding and body weight in female rats"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3157-0888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Yoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naofumi","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenya","family":"Sanada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuki","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruki","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satomi","family":"Sonoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromichi","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Hachisuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0702-9538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Ueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"3889_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-64-1-27","volume":"64","author":"MS Carmichael","year":"1987","unstructured":"Carmichael, M. 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