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However, in birds and other reptiles, the larynx fossil is extremely rare, and the evolution of this structure remains largely unknown. Here we report the fossil larynx found in non-avian dinosaurs from ankylosaur\n                    <jats:italic>Pinacosaurus grangeri<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The larynx of\n                    <jats:italic>Pinacosaurus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is composed of the cricoid and arytenoid like non-avian reptiles, but specialized with the firm and kinetic cricoid-arytenoid joint, prominent arytenoid process, long arytenoid, and enlarged cricoid, as a possible vocal modifier like birds rather than vocal source like non-avian reptiles. Although bird-unique vocal source (syrinx) have never been reported in non-avian dinosaurs,\n                    <jats:italic>Pinacosaurus<\/jats:italic>\n                    could have employed bird-like vocalization with the bird-like large, kinetic larynx. This oldest laryngeal fossil from the Cretaceous dinosaur provides the first step for understanding the vocal evolution in non-avian dinosaurs toward birds.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-04513-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T06:32:24Z","timestamp":1676961144000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["An ankylosaur larynx provides insights for bird-like vocalization in non-avian dinosaurs"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5260-0532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junki","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitsugu","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Norell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"4513_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.2307\/2409336","volume":"44","author":"SM Reilly","year":"1990","unstructured":"Reilly, S. 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