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Leptosporangiate ferns remained the last major plant clade without an assembled mitogenome, likely owing to a demanding combination of the above. We here present both organelle genomes now for\n                    <jats:italic>Haplopteris ensiformis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . More than 1,400 events of C-to-U RNA editing and over 500 events of reverse U-to-C edits affect its organelle transcriptomes. The\n                    <jats:italic>Haplopteris<\/jats:italic>\n                    mtDNA is gene-rich, lacking only the\n                    <jats:italic>ccm<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene suite present in ancestral land plant mitogenomes, but is highly unorthodox, indicating extraordinary recombinogenic activity. Although eleven group II introns known in disrupted\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    -splicing states in seed plants exist in conventional\n                    <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    -arrangements, a particularly complex structure is found for the mitochondrial\n                    <jats:italic>rrnL<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene, which is split into two parts needing reassembly on RNA level by a\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    -splicing group I intron. Aside from ca. 80 chloroplast DNA inserts that complicated the mitogenome assembly, the\n                    <jats:italic>Haplopteris<\/jats:italic>\n                    mtDNA features as an idiosyncrasy 30 variably degenerated protein coding regions from Rickettiales bacteria indicative of heavy bacterial HGT on top of tRNA genes of chlamydial origin.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-04659-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1679310176000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Rickettsial DNA and a trans-splicing rRNA group I intron in the unorthodox mitogenome of the fern Haplopteris ensiformis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1630-2439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Zumkeller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Polsakiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8485-9423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volker","family":"Knoop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"4659_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-043015-112232","volume":"68","author":"JM Gualberto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gualberto, J. M. & Newton, K. J. Plant mitochondrial genomes: dynamics and mechanisms of mutation. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 68, 225\u2013252 (2017).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Plant Biol."},{"key":"4659_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arrieta-Montiel, M. P. & Mackenzie, S. A. In Plant Mitochondria. Advances in Plant Biology, Vol. 1 (ed. Kempken, F.) 65\u201382 (Springer, 2011).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-89781-3_3"},{"key":"4659_CR3","first-page":"2773","volume":"35","author":"LW Cole","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cole, L. W., Guo, W., Mower, J. P. & Palmer, J. D. High and variable rates of repeat-mediated mitochondrial genome rearrangement in a genus of plants. Mol. Biol. Evol. 35, 2773\u20132785 (2018).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"4659_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010328","volume":"21","author":"N Chevigny","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chevigny, N., Schatz-Daas, D., Lotfi, F. & Gualberto, J. M. 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