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Adrenalectomized rats are infused with physiological patterns of corticosterone modelled on the endogenous adrenal secretory profile, either <jats:italic>in-phase<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>out-of-phase<\/jats:italic> with lighting cues. For the <jats:italic>in-phase<\/jats:italic> group, food intake is significantly greater during the rats\u2019 active period compared to their inactive period; a feeding pattern similar to adrenal-intact control rats. In contrast, the feeding pattern of the <jats:italic>out-of-phase<\/jats:italic> group is significantly dysregulated. Consistent with a direct hypothalamic modulation of feeding behaviour, this altered timing is accompanied by dysregulated timing of anorexigenic and orexigenic neuropeptide gene expression. For <jats:italic>Neuropeptide Y<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Npy<\/jats:italic>), we report a glucocorticoid-dependent direct transcriptional regulation mechanism mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Taken together, our data highlight the adverse behavioural outcomes that can arise when two circadian systems have anti-phasic cues, in this case impacting on the glucocorticoid-regulation of a process as fundamental to health as feeding behaviour. Our findings further highlight the need for development of rational approaches in the prevention of metabolic dysfunction in circadian-disrupting activities such as transmeridian travel and shift-work.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05347-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T17:04:01Z","timestamp":1696007041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Phase-shifting the circadian glucocorticoid profile induces disordered feeding behaviour by dysregulating hypothalamic neuropeptide gene expression"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1871-3039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin P.","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne M.","family":"Kershaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zidong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0702-9538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Ueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8546-9646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stafford L.","family":"Lightman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8494-7431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Becky L.","family":"Conway-Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"5347_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3244","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0103","volume":"149","author":"SK Droste","year":"2008","unstructured":"Droste, S. 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