{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T08:30:53Z","timestamp":1768638653519,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI21C1314 and HI22C1588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI21C1314 and HI22C1588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine (KFRM) grant funded by the Korea government"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022R1A2C1006374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A2C1006374"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1A6A3A01086535 and 2022R1I1A1A01065666"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6A3A01086535 and 2022R1I1A1A01065666"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1F1A1062829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1F1A1062829"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Commun Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease that results in an increased risk of fractures. However, there is no definitive cure, warranting the development of potential therapeutic agents. 3\u2032-Sialyllactose (3\u2032-SL) in human milk regulates many biological functions. However, its effect on bone metabolism remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of 3\u2032-SL on bone homeostasis. Treatment of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) with 3\u2032-SL enhanced osteogenic differentiation and inhibited adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. RNA sequencing showed that 3\u2032-SL enhanced laminin subunit gamma-2 expression and promoted osteogenic differentiation via the phosphatidylinositol 3\u2011kinase\/protein kinase B signaling pathway. Furthermore, 3\u2032-SL inhibited the receptor activator of nuclear factor \u03baB ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages through the nuclear factor \u03baB and mitogen\u2011activated protein kinase signaling pathway, ameliorated osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice, and positively regulated bone remodeling. Our findings suggest 3\u2032-SL as a potential drug for osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-05796-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T09:02:09Z","timestamp":1705654929000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["3\u2032-Sialyllactose alleviates bone loss by regulating bone homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9926-8482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahreum","family":"Baek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3794-6153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawoon","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5036-6325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoonhee","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3978-9144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seongmoon","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6306-9905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6845-0596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoontaik","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0920-5106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seunghee","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6043-7640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1429-2684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Rae","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"5796_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.08.047","volume":"194","author":"NE Lane","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lane, N. E. Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 194, S3\u2013S11 (2006).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"5796_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2021.02.001","volume":"27","author":"NB Watts","year":"2021","unstructured":"Watts, N. B., Camacho, P. M., Lewiecki, E. M., Petak, S. M. & Force, A. A. P. O. G. T. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists\/American College of Endocrinology clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis-2020 update. Endocr. Pr. 27, 379\u2013380 (2021).","journal-title":"Endocr. Pr."},{"key":"5796_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dgaa048","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa048","volume":"105","author":"D Shoback","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shoback, D. et al. Pharmacological management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: an Endocrine Society Guideline update. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 105, dgaa048 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"5796_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050236","volume":"10","author":"PJ Meunier","year":"1999","unstructured":"Meunier, P. J. et al. Treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or low bone density with raloxifene. Raloxifene Study Group. Osteoporos. Int. 10, 330\u2013336 (1999).","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"5796_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2015.1000860","volume":"11","author":"S Zaheer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zaheer, S., LeBoff, M. & Lewiecki, E. M. Denosumab for the treatment of osteoporosis. Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol. 11, 461\u2013470 (2015).","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol."},{"key":"5796_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.11138\/ccmbm\/2017.14.1.173","volume":"14","author":"R Eastell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eastell, R. & Walsh, J. S. Anabolic treatment for osteoporosis: teriparatide. Clin. Cases Mineral Bone Metab. 14, 173\u2013178 (2017).","journal-title":"Clin. Cases Mineral Bone Metab."},{"key":"5796_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2019.1583208","volume":"20","author":"D Merlotti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Merlotti, D., Falchetti, A., Chiodini, I. & Gennari, L. Efficacy and safety of abaloparatide for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 20, 805\u2013811 (2019).","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"5796_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2020-0158","volume":"12","author":"AO Kobza","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kobza, A. O., Papaioannou, A., Lau, A. N. & Adachi, J. D. Romosozumab in the treatment of osteoporosis. Immunotherapy 12, 965\u2013981 (2020).","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"key":"5796_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1365.035","volume":"1092","author":"DJ Hadjidakis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hadjidakis, D. J. & Androulakis, I. I. Bone remodeling. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1092, 385\u2013396 (2006).","journal-title":"Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"5796_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-003-0439-1","volume":"21","author":"N Udagawa","year":"2003","unstructured":"Udagawa, N. The mechanism of osteoclast differentiation from macrophages: possible roles of T lymphocytes in osteoclastogenesis. J. Bone Mineral Metab. 21, 337\u2013343 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Bone Mineral Metab."},{"key":"5796_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00191","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20150025","volume":"35","author":"I Ullah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ullah, I., Subbarao, R. B. & Rho, G. J. Human mesenchymal stem cells\u2014current trends and future prospective. Biosci. Rep. 35, e00191 (2015).","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"key":"5796_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-97602012000300009","volume":"45","author":"AM Pino","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pino, A. M., Rosen, C. J. & Rodriguez, J. P. In osteoporosis, differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves bone marrow adipogenesis. Biol. Res. 45, 279\u2013287 (2012).","journal-title":"Biol. Res."},{"key":"5796_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.106221","volume":"26","author":"X Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, X. et al. Chidamide suppresses adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells via increasing REEP2 expression. iScience 26, 106221 (2023).","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"5796_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.013","volume":"91","author":"NJ Andreas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andreas, N. J., Kampmann, B., & Mehring Le-Doare, K. Human breast milk: a review on its composition and bioactivity. Early Hum. Dev. 91, 629\u2013635 (2015).","journal-title":"Early Hum. Dev."},{"key":"5796_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2020.00059","volume":"63","author":"SY Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim, S. Y. & Yi, D. Y. Components of human breast milk: from macronutrient to microbiome and microRNA. Clin. Exp. Pediatr. 63, 301\u2013309 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pediatr."},{"key":"5796_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010266","volume":"12","author":"M Wicinski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wicinski, M., Sawicka, E., Gebalski, J., Kubiak, K. & Malinowski, B. Human milk oligosaccharides: health benefits, potential applications in infant formulas, and pharmacology. Nutrients 12, 266 (2020).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"5796_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cws074","volume":"22","author":"L Bode","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bode, L. Human milk oligosaccharides: every baby needs a sugar mama. Glycobiology 22, 1147\u20131162 (2012).","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"5796_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2021.109829","volume":"148","author":"VN Perna","year":"2021","unstructured":"Perna, V. N., Dehlholm, C. & Meyer, A. S. Enzymatic production of 3\u2019-sialyllactose in milk. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 148, 109829 (2021).","journal-title":"Enzyme Microb. Technol."},{"key":"5796_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73583-8","volume":"86","author":"S Martin-Sosa","year":"2003","unstructured":"Martin-Sosa, S., Martin, M. J., Garcia-Pardo, L. A. & Hueso, P. Sialyloligosaccharides in human and bovine milk and in infant formulas: variations with the progression of lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 86, 52\u201359 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"5796_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/nure.12106","volume":"72","author":"SJ ten Bruggencate","year":"2014","unstructured":"ten Bruggencate, S. J., Bovee-Oudenhoven, I. M., Feitsma, A. L., van Hoffen, E. & Schoterman, M. H. Functional role and mechanisms of sialyllactose and other sialylated milk oligosaccharides. Nutr. Rev. 72, 377\u2013389 (2014).","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"5796_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1159\/000452818","volume":"69","author":"SM Donovan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Donovan, S. M. & Comstock, S. S. Human milk oligosaccharides influence neonatal mucosal and systemic immunity. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 69(Suppl. 2), 42\u201351 (2016).","journal-title":"Ann. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"5796_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00094","volume":"10","author":"O Perdijk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Perdijk, O. et al. Sialyllactose and galactooligosaccharides promote epithelial barrier functioning and distinctly modulate microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid production in vitro. Front. Immunol. 10, 94 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"5796_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-020-0223-8","volume":"2","author":"JE Harris","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harris, J. E. et al. Exercise-induced 3\u2019-sialyllactose in breast milk is a critical mediator to improve metabolic health and cardiac function in mouse offspring. Nat. Metab. 2, 678\u2013687 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"5796_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609817","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.609817","volume":"12","author":"A Baek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baek, A. et al. 3\u2032-Sialyllactose protects SW1353 chondrocytic cells from interleukin-1beta-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Front. Pharm. 12, 609817 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"key":"5796_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13292","volume":"22","author":"J Jeon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jeon, J. et al. 3\u2032-Sialyllactose protects against osteoarthritic development by facilitating cartilage homeostasis. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 22, 57\u201366 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"5796_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4295","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14486","volume":"175","author":"LJ Kang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kang, L. J. et al. 3\u2032-Sialyllactose as an inhibitor of p65 phosphorylation ameliorates the progression of experimental rheumatoid arthritis. Br. J. Pharm. 175, 4295\u20134309 (2018).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharm."},{"key":"5796_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s42826-022-00119-2","volume":"38","author":"YJ Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, Y. J. et al. Therapeutic effect of intra-articular injected 3\u2032-sialyllactose on a minipig model of rheumatoid arthritis induced by collagen. Lab Anim. Res. 38, 8 (2022).","journal-title":"Lab Anim. Res."},{"key":"5796_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-016-0391-3","volume":"7","author":"J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, J. et al. Exosomes\/tricalcium phosphate combination scaffolds can enhance bone regeneration by activating the PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 7, 136 (2016).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"5796_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33361","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M205053200","volume":"277","author":"N Ghosh-Choudhury","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ghosh-Choudhury, N. et al. Requirement of BMP-2-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt serine\/threonine kinase in osteoblast differentiation and Smad-dependent BMP-2 gene transcription. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 33361\u201333368 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"5796_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1904-7","volume":"10","author":"C Ye","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ye, C. et al. Extracellular IL-37 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via activation of the PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis. 10, 753 (2019).","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"5796_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-021-00608-8","volume":"7","author":"A Dou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dou, A., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, X. & Guo, Y. Reelin depletion alleviates multiple myeloma bone disease by promoting osteogenesis and inhibiting osteolysis. Cell Death Discov. 7, 219 (2021).","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"5796_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-01714-7","volume":"11","author":"HM Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee, H. M. et al. Expression dynamics of integrin alpha2, alpha3, and alphaV upon osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 11, 210 (2020).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"5796_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20180075","volume":"63","author":"E Hohenester","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hohenester, E. Structural biology of laminins. Essays Biochem. 63, 285\u2013295 (2019).","journal-title":"Essays Biochem."},{"key":"5796_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2017.55","volume":"97","author":"N Uehara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Uehara, N. et al. Osteoblast-derived Laminin-332 is a novel negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis in bone microenvironments. Lab. Investig. 97, 1235\u20131244 (2017).","journal-title":"Lab. Investig."},{"key":"5796_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-015-0225-8","volume":"6","author":"N Baker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baker, N., Sohn, J. & Tuan, R. S. Promotion of human mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis by PI3-kinase\/Akt signaling, and the influence of caveolin-1\/cholesterol homeostasis. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 6, 238 (2015).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"5796_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-018-0084-9","volume":"25","author":"Y Liang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liang, Y. et al. LncRNA CASC9 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis through upregulating LAMC2 expression by interacting with the CREB-binding protein. Cell Death Differ. 25, 1980\u20131995 (2018).","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"5796_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4248\/BR201301003","volume":"1","author":"X Feng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Feng, X. & Teitelbaum, S. L. Osteoclasts: new Insights. Bone Res. 1, 11\u201326 (2013).","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"5796_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125S","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00285-L","volume":"17","author":"DD Thompson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Thompson, D. D., Simmons, H. A., Pirie, C. M. & Ke, H. Z. FDA Guidelines and animal models for osteoporosis. Bone 17, 125S\u2013133S (1995).","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"5796_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101098","volume":"207","author":"A Fuhrer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fuhrer, A. et al. Milk sialyllactose influences colitis in mice through selective intestinal bacterial colonization. J. Exp. Med. 207, 2843\u20132854 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"5796_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2020.100246","volume":"2","author":"G Toda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Toda, G., Yamauchi, T., Kadowaki, T. & Ueki, K. Preparation and culture of bone marrow-derived macrophages from mice for functional analysis. STAR Protoc. 2, 100246 (2021).","journal-title":"STAR Protoc."},{"key":"5796_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2022.108205","volume":"147","author":"S Jo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jo, S. et al. Low-frequency repetitive magnetic stimulation suppresses neuroblastoma progression by downregulating the Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Bioelectrochemistry 147, 108205 (2022).","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"key":"5796_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03517-x","volume":"12","author":"D Baek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baek, D. et al. Ubiquitin-specific protease 53 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Dis. 12, 238 (2021).","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"5796_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8674","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158674","volume":"23","author":"YJ Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, Y. J., Park, K. H., Lee, K. M., Chun, Y. M. & Lee, J. W. Deubiquitinating enzyme USP7 is required for self-renewal and multipotency of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23, 8674 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"5796_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4015","volume":"35","author":"Q Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, Q. et al. Ubiquitin-specific protease 34 inhibits osteoclast differentiation by regulating NF-kappaB signaling. J. Bone Min. Res. 35, 1597\u20131608 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"5796_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00656-0","volume":"7","author":"YK Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim, Y. K. et al. Effect of Ca\u2013P compound formed by hydrothermal treatment on biodegradation and biocompatibility of Mg\u20133Al\u20131Zn\u20131.5Ca alloy; in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Sci. Rep. 7, 712 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"5796_CR46","first-page":"56468","volume":"15","author":"Q Dai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dai, Q. et al. A RANKL-based osteoclast culture assay of mouse bone marrow to investigate the role of mTORC1 in osteoclast formation. J. Vis. Exp. 15, 56468 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"5796_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI39650","volume":"120","author":"Y Ito","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ito, Y. et al. Cdc42 regulates bone modeling and remodeling in mice by modulating RANKL\/M-CSF signaling and osteoclast polarization. J. Clin. Investig. 120, 1981\u20131993 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"5796_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8971","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26841","volume":"233","author":"C Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu, C. et al. Lumichrome inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption through suppressing RANKL-induced NFAT activation and calcium signaling. J. Cell. Physiol. 233, 8971\u20138983 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"5796_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6176","volume":"5","author":"H Yoon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yoon, H. et al. NAA10 controls osteoblast differentiation and bone formation as a feedback regulator of Runx2. Nat. Commun. 5, 5176 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"5796_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.115104","volume":"131","author":"R Kocijan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kocijan, R. et al. MicroRNA levels in bone and blood change during bisphosphonate and teriparatide therapy in an animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bone 131, 115104 (2020).","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"5796_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03549-y","volume":"21","author":"CC Wong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wong, C. C. et al. Novel transplant of combined platelet-rich fibrin Releasate and bone marrow stem cells prevent bone loss in Ovariectomized osteoporotic mice. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 21, 527 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"5796_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4778","volume":"38","author":"H Hariri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hariri, H., Kose, O., Bezdjian, A., Daniel, S. J. & St-Arnaud, R. USP53 regulates bone homeostasis by controlling rankl expression in osteoblasts and bone marrow adipocytes. J. Bone Min. Res. 38, 578\u2013596 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"5796_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-02004-y","volume":"11","author":"G Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen, G. et al. Moderate SMFs attenuate bone loss in mice by promoting directional osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 11, 487 (2020).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"5796_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bagchi, D. P. & MacDougald, O. A. Identification and dissection of diverse mouse adipose depots. J. Vis. Exp. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/59499 (2019).","DOI":"10.3791\/59499"},{"key":"5796_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650020617","volume":"2","author":"AM Parfitt","year":"1987","unstructured":"Parfitt, A. M. et al. Bone histomorphometry: standardization of nomenclature, symbols, and units. Report of the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee. J. Bone Mineral Res. 2, 595\u2013610 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Bone Mineral Res."},{"key":"5796_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42505","volume":"7","author":"A Porter","year":"2017","unstructured":"Porter, A. et al. Quick and inexpensive paraffin-embedding method for dynamic bone formation analyses. Sci. Rep. 7, 42505 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"5796_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03544-0","volume":"5","author":"JR Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, J. R. et al. Nox4 expression in osteo-progenitors controls bone development in mice during early life. Commun. Biol. 5, 583 (2022).","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"5796_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2020.04.010","volume":"17","author":"YS Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang, Y. S. et al. Bone-targeting AAV-mediated gene silencing in osteoclasts for osteoporosis therapy. Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev. 17, 922\u2013935 (2020).","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev."}],"container-title":["Communications Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-024-05796-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-024-05796-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-024-05796-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T12:09:13Z","timestamp":1705666153000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-024-05796-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5796"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-024-05796-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2399-3642"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2399-3642","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 April 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"110"}}