{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T06:29:03Z","timestamp":1792045743165,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-033019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-033019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Commun Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis, strongly associated to antimicrobial resistance, with no vaccine available. K-antigens (KAg) have been identified as potential targets, but their diversity makes vaccine development challenging. Alternatively, the use of subcapsular O-antigens (OAg) raises questions about antibodies accessibility. We characterized clinical isolates from the BARNARDS study, designed to identify the burden of neonatal sepsis in low-middle income countries. Genomic prediction was verified through structural analysis of polysaccharides. Antibodies generated against common KAg and OAg bound all homologous organisms, regardless of specific polysaccharide structural features. Interestingly, anti-KAg antibodies exhibited bactericidal activity against a comparable number of isolates as anti-OAg antibodies. There was no association between polysaccharide characteristics and <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> susceptibility to killing. Antibody cross-reactivity among different KAg was observed, together with extensive cross-reactivity among OAg antibodies. This study aids in defining an optimal vaccine composition to prevent neonatal sepsis caused by <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-08258-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T12:15:54Z","timestamp":1749471354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae associated with neonatal sepsis in low- and middle-income countries to inform vaccine design"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8047-5825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Nonne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariagrazia","family":"Molfetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianina Florentina","family":"Belciug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6633-567X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Carducci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Cianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6979-1857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casey","family":"Zakroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Durante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Zellmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7797-9080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8898-4432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas D.","family":"Stanton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3949-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn E.","family":"Holt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4033-6639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly","family":"Wyres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8476-5630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil","family":"Ravenscroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianmarco","family":"Gasperini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6112-6841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Giannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Berlanda Scorza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8243-3181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Micoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"8258_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-021-00870-7","volume":"6","author":"K Sands","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sands, K. et al. Characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacteria that cause neonatal sepsis in seven low- and middle-income countries. Nat. Microbiol. 6, 512\u2013523 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"8258_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2024.02.072","volume":"42","author":"Z Dangor","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dangor, Z. et al. Vaccine value profile for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Vaccine 42, S125\u2013S141 (2024).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"8258_CR3","unstructured":"WHO bacterial priority pathogens list, 2024: Bacterial pathogens of public health importance to guide research, development and strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance. (2024)."},{"key":"8258_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02185-7","volume":"400","author":"GBDAR Collaborators","year":"2022","unstructured":"Collaborators, G. B. D. A. R. Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 400, 2221\u20132248 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"8258_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149859","volume":"802","author":"R Silvester","year":"2022","unstructured":"Silvester, R. et al. Global surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and hypervirulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae from LMICs: an in-silico approach. Sci. Total Environ. 802, 149859 (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"8258_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0001612","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001612","volume":"3","author":"S Mahtab","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mahtab, S. et al. Causes of death identified in neonates enrolled through Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS), December 2016 -December 2021. PLOS Glob. Public Health 3, e0001612 (2023).","journal-title":"PLOS Glob. Public Health"},{"key":"8258_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e131","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(23)00290-2","volume":"5","author":"JR Verani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Verani, J. R. et al. Child deaths caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia: a secondary analysis of Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) data. Lancet Microbe 5, e131\u2013e141 (2024).","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"8258_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004179","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004179","volume":"20","author":"NJ Russell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Russell, N. J. et al. Patterns of antibiotic use, pathogens, and prediction of mortality in hospitalized neonates and young infants with sepsis: a global neonatal sepsis observational cohort study (NeoOBS). PLoS Med. 20, e1004179 (2023).","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"8258_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004239","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004239","volume":"20","author":"CK Kumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar, C. K. et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of the impact of a maternal Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccine: a Bayesian modeling analysis. PLoS Med. 20, e1004239 (2023).","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"8258_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2019.1635460","volume":"18","author":"M Choi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Choi, M., Tennant, S. M., Simon, R. & Cross, A. S. Progress towards the development of Klebsiella vaccines. Expert Rev. Vaccines 18, 681\u2013691 (2019).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"8258_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4042","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22084042","volume":"22","author":"V Arato","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arato, V., Raso, M. M., Gasperini, G., Berlanda Scorza, F. & Micoli, F. Prophylaxis and Treatment against Klebsiella pneumoniae: current insights on this emerging anti-microbial resistant global threat. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 4042 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"8258_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2023.08.005","volume":"44","author":"PL Wantuch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wantuch, P. L. & Rosen, D. A. Klebsiella pneumoniae: adaptive immune landscapes and vaccine horizons. Trends Immunol. 44, 826\u2013844 (2023).","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"8258_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00367","volume":"9","author":"LPP Patro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patro, L. P. P. & Rathinavelan, T. Targeting the sugary armor of Klebsiella species. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 9, 367 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"8258_CR14","volume":"2","author":"KL Wyres","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wyres, K. L. et al. Identification of Klebsiella capsule synthesis loci from whole genome data. Micro Genom. 2, e000102 (2016).","journal-title":"Micro Genom."},{"key":"8258_CR15","first-page":"000800","volume":"8","author":"MMC Lam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lam, M. M. C., Wick, R. R., Judd, L. M., Holt, K. E. & Wyres, K. L. Kaptive 2.0: updated capsule and lipopolysaccharide locus typing for the Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex. Micro Genom. 8, 000800 (2022).","journal-title":"Micro Genom."},{"key":"8258_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6572","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21186572","volume":"21","author":"D Artyszuk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Artyszuk, D. et al. The impact of insertion sequences on O-Serotype Phenotype and Its O-Locus-Based Prediction in Klebsiella pneumoniae O2 and O1. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21, 6572 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"8258_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4666","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA117.000646","volume":"293","author":"BR Clarke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Clarke, B. R. et al. Molecular basis for the structural diversity in serogroup O2-antigen polysaccharides in Klebsiella pneumoniae. J. Biol. Chem. 293, 4666\u20134679 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"8258_CR18","volume":"2","author":"R Follador","year":"2016","unstructured":"Follador, R. et al. The diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae surface polysaccharides. Micro Genom. 2, e000073 (2016).","journal-title":"Micro Genom."},{"key":"8258_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.5.2402-2409.2000","volume":"68","author":"TK Held","year":"2000","unstructured":"Held, T. K., Jendrike, N. R., Rukavina, T., Podschun, R. & Trautmann, M. Binding to and opsonophagocytic activity of O-antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies against encapsulated and nonencapsulated Klebsiella pneumoniae serotype O1 strains. Infect. Immun. 68, 2402\u20132409 (2000).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"8258_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1011367","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011367","volume":"19","author":"PL Wantuch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wantuch, P. L. et al. Capsular polysaccharide inhibits vaccine-induced O-antigen antibody binding and function across both classical and hypervirulent K2:O1 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. PLoS Pathog. 19, e1011367 (2023).","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"8258_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hwang, W. et al. Antibody responses in Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Microbe 6, 100988 (2025).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2024.100988"},{"key":"8258_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01750-20","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01750-20","volume":"11","author":"KA Walker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Walker, K. A., Treat, L. P., Sep\u00falveda, V. E. & Miller, V. L. The small protein RmpD drives hypermucoviscosity in Klebsiella pneumoniae. MBio 11, e01750-20 (2020).","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"8258_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.3.788-800.2003","volume":"185","author":"Y-C Lai","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lai, Y.-C., Peng, H.-L. & Chang, H.-Y. RmpA2, an activator of capsule biosynthesis in Klebsiella pneumoniae CG43, regulates K2 cps gene expression at the transcriptional level. J. Bacteriol. 185, 788\u2013800 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"8258_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13040256","volume":"13","author":"F Nonne","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nonne, F. et al. Development and application of a high-throughput method for the purification and analysis of surface carbohydrates from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biology 13, 256 (2024).","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"8258_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S325","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab784","volume":"73","author":"S Argimon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Argimon, S. et al. Rapid genomic characterization and global surveillance of Klebsiella using PathogenWatch. Clin. Infect. Dis. 73, S325\u2013S335 (2021).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8258_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-019-0706-y","volume":"12","author":"KL Wyres","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wyres, K. L. et al. Genomic surveillance for hypervirulence and multi-drug resistance in invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae from South and Southeast Asia. Genome Med. 12, 11 (2020).","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"8258_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nappini, R. et al. Modeling 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridine tetrafluoroborate (CDAP) chemistry to design glycoconjugate vaccines with desired structural and immunological characteristics. Vaccines 12 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines12070707 (2024).","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12070707"},{"key":"8258_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0172163","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172163","volume":"12","author":"F Necchi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Necchi, F., Saul, A. & Rondini, S. Development of a high-throughput method to evaluate serum bactericidal activity using bacterial ATP measurement as survival readout. PLoS One 12, e0172163 (2017).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"8258_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/ht9020014","volume":"9","author":"O Rossi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rossi, O. et al. Intra-laboratory evaluation of luminescence based high-throughput serum bactericidal assay (L-SBA) to determine bactericidal activity of human sera against Shigella. High. Throughput 9, 14 (2020).","journal-title":"High. Throughput"},{"key":"8258_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00050-5","volume":"21","author":"KM Thomson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thomson, K. M. et al. Effects of antibiotic resistance, drug target attainment, bacterial pathogenicity and virulence, and antibiotic access and affordability on outcomes in neonatal sepsis: an international microbiology and drug evaluation prospective substudy (BARNARDS). Lancet Infect. Dis. 21, 1677\u20131688 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8258_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S596","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz909","volume":"69","author":"RW Kaminski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaminski, R. W. et al. Consensus report on shigella controlled human infection model: immunological assays. Clin. Infect. Dis. 69, S596\u2013S601 (2019).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8258_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.03.091","volume":"24","author":"R Borrow","year":"2006","unstructured":"Borrow, R. et al. Neisseria meningitidis group B correlates of protection and assay standardization-international meeting report Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 16-17 March 2005. Vaccine 24, 5093\u20135107 (2006).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"8258_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(99)00101-3","volume":"39","author":"SK Sharma","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sharma, S. K., Fatma, T. & Thukral, S. A simple and rapid serum bactericidal assay and its evaluation in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. J. Microbiol. Methods 39, 45\u201348 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"8258_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03628-6","volume":"38","author":"P Gaibani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gaibani, P. et al. Comparative serum bactericidal activity of meropenem-based combination regimens against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 38, 1925\u20131931 (2019).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8258_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00680","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00680-22","volume":"8","author":"HR Wagstaffe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wagstaffe, H. R. et al. The development of immunological assays to evaluate the level and function of antibodies induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae O-antigen vaccines. MSphere 8, e00680\u201300622 (2023).","journal-title":"MSphere"},{"key":"8258_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae097","volume":"230","author":"PL Wantuch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wantuch, P. L. et al. Heptavalent O-antigen bioconjugate vaccine exhibiting differential functional antibody responses against diverse Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.  J. Infect. Dis. 230, 578\u2013589 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8258_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2116045","volume":"389","author":"SA Madhi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Madhi, S. A. et al. Potential for maternally administered vaccine for infant group B Streptococcus. N. Engl. J. Med. 389, 215\u2013227 (2023).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"8258_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.01249","volume":"11","author":"M Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi, M. et al. The diversity of lipopolysaccharide (O) and capsular polysaccharide (K) antigens of invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae in a multi-country collection. Front Microbiol. 11, 1249 (2020).","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"8258_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2301302120","volume":"120","author":"SD Kelly","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kelly, S. D. et al. Identification of a second glycoform of the clinically prevalent O1 antigen from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 120, e2301302120 (2023).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"8258_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24448-3","volume":"12","author":"MM Lam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lam, M. M. et al. A genomic surveillance framework and genotyping tool for Klebsiella pneumoniae and its related species complex. Nat. Commun. 12, 4188 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"8258_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00028-21","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00028-21","volume":"6","author":"S Sridhar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sridhar, S. et al. High-content imaging to phenotype antimicrobial effects on individual bacteria at scale. mSystems 6, e00028-21 (2021).","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"8258_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stanton, T. D., Hetland, M. A. K., Lohr, I. H., Holt, K. & Wyres, K. L. Fast and Accurate in silico Antigen Typing with Kaptive 3. bioRxiv, 2025.2002. 2005.636613 (2025).","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.02.05.636613"},{"key":"8258_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12628","volume":"8","author":"G Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu, G., Smith, D. K., Zhu, H., Guan, Y. & Lam, T. T. Y. ggtree: an R package for visualization and annotation of phylogenetic trees with their covariates and other associated data. Methods Ecol. Evolut. 8, 28\u201336 (2017).","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evolut."}],"container-title":["Communications Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-025-08258-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-025-08258-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-025-08258-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T12:15:57Z","timestamp":1749471357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-025-08258-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-025-08258-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2399-3642"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2399-3642","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare the following competing interests: This work was undertaken at the request of and sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA. GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health Srl is an affiliate of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA. F.N., M.M., G.B., M.C., S.D., G.G., O.R., C.G., F.B.S. and F.M. are employees of the GSK group of companies. V.C. was employee of the GSK group of companies when the study was performed.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"898"}}