{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T23:14:15Z","timestamp":1793747655341,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0515"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0515"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Self-established grant from the State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Commun Biol"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-08650-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T13:28:55Z","timestamp":1755696535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Machine learning based on pangenome-wide association studies reveals the impact of host source on the zoonotic potential of closely related bacterial pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2111-9932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiying","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deying","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yansong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3364-8335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honglin","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"8650_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11020508","volume":"11","author":"A Carroll-Portillo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Carroll-Portillo, A. et al. Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of Escherichia coli by Lytic Coliphage. Microorganisms 11, 508 (2023).","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"8650_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00354-24","volume":"9","author":"Y Pan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pan, Y. et al. Drought-induced assembly of rhizosphere mycobiomes shows beneficial effects on plant growth. mSystems 9, e0035424 (2024).","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"8650_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13071038","volume":"13","author":"A Gupta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gupta, A. et al. Fungal Endophytes: Microfactories of Novel Bioactive Compounds with Therapeutic Interventions; A Comprehensive Review on the Biotechnological Developments in the Field of Fungal Endophytic Biology over the Last Decade. Biomolecules 13, 1038 (2023).","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"8650_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12061079","volume":"12","author":"S Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, S., Pham, S., Terrapon, N., Blom, J. & Walker, E. D. Elizabethkingia anophelis MSU001 Isolated from Anopheles stephensi: Molecular Characterization and Comparative Genome Analysis. Microorganisms 12, 1079 (2024).","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"8650_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9111048","volume":"9","author":"S Dervi\u015f","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dervi\u015f, S. & \u00d6zer, G. Plant-Associated Neoscytalidium dimidiatum-Taxonomy, Host Range, Epidemiology, Virulence, and Management Strategies: A Comprehensive Review. J. Fungi (Basel) 9, 1048 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"8650_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2022.03.006","volume":"37","author":"G Lajoie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lajoie, G. & Parfrey, L. W. Beyond specialization: re-examining routes of host influence on symbiont evolution. Trends Ecol. Evolution 37, 590\u2013598 (2022).","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evolution"},{"key":"8650_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ve\/veaa051","volume":"6","author":"JJ Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo, J. J. et al. Diversity and circulation of Jingmen tick virus in ticks and mammals. Virus Evol. 6, veaa051 (2020).","journal-title":"Virus Evol."},{"key":"8650_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02013-4","volume":"4","author":"M Kirkwood","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kirkwood, M. et al. Ecological niche adaptation of Salmonella Typhimurium U288 is associated with altered pathogenicity and reduced zoonotic potential. Commun. Biol. 4, 498 (2021).","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"8650_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s40656-021-00366-x","volume":"43","author":"B Sterner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sterner, B., Elliott, S., Upham, N. & Franz, N. Bats, objectivity, and viral spillover risk. Hist. Philos. Life Sci. 43, 7 (2021).","journal-title":"Hist. Philos. Life Sci."},{"key":"8650_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10040813","volume":"10","author":"A Occhialini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Occhialini, A. et al. The Retrospective on Atypical Brucella Species Leads to Novel Definitions. Microorganisms 10, 813 (2022).","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"8650_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9060498","volume":"9","author":"G Wareth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wareth, G. et al. MLVA-16 Genotyping of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis Isolates from Different Animal Species in Egypt: Geographical Relatedness and the Mediterranean Lineage. Pathogens 9, 498 (2020).","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"8650_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2021.104865","volume":"92","author":"AM Whatmore","year":"2021","unstructured":"Whatmore, A. M. & Foster, J. T. Emerging diversity and ongoing expansion of the genus Brucella. Infect., Genet. Evolution 92, 104865 (2021).","journal-title":"Infect., Genet. Evolution"},{"key":"8650_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e76332","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076332","volume":"8","author":"H Jiang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jiang, H. et al. MLVA genotyping of Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus isolates from different animal species and humans and identification of Brucella suis vaccine strain S2 from cattle in China. PLoS One. 8, e76332 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"8650_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-017-1496-8","volume":"11","author":"JM Villalobos-Vindas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Villalobos-Vindas, J. M. et al. Brucellosis caused by the wood rat pathogen Brucella neotomae: two case reports. J. Med. Case Rep. 11, 352 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Med. Case Rep."},{"key":"8650_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2250","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac425","volume":"75","author":"E Kolwijck","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kolwijck, E. et al. First Case of Human Brucella canis Infection in the Netherlands. Clin. Infect. Dis. 75, 2250\u20132252 (2022).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8650_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3001.221783","volume":"30","author":"G Vergnaud","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vergnaud, G., Zygmunt, M. S., Ashford, R. T., Whatmore, A. M. & Cloeckaert, A. Genomic Diversity and Zoonotic Potential of Brucella neotomae. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 30, 155\u2013158 (2024).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8650_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7749","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207749","volume":"21","author":"M Su\u00e1rez-Esquivel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez-Esquivel, M., Chaves-Olarte, E., Moreno, E. & Guzm\u00e1n-Verri, C. Brucella Genomics: Macro and Micro Evolution. Int J. Mol. Sci. 21, 7749 (2020).","journal-title":"Int J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"8650_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.666937","volume":"11","author":"K Asada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Asada, K. et al. Integrated Analysis of Whole Genome and Epigenome Data Using Machine Learning Technology: Toward the Establishment of Precision Oncology. Front Oncol. 11, 666937 (2021).","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"key":"8650_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1038\/s43588-022-00311-3","volume":"2","author":"M Cerezo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cerezo, M., Verdon, G., Huang, H.-Y., Cincio, L. & Coles, P. J. Challenges and opportunities in quantum machine learning. Nat. Computational Sci. 2, 567\u2013576 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Computational Sci."},{"key":"8650_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960984","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.960984","volume":"12","author":"JN Eckardt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eckardt, J. N., Bornh\u00e4user, M., Wendt, K. & Middeke, J. M. Semi-supervised learning in cancer diagnostics. Front Oncol. 12, 960984 (2022).","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"key":"8650_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2017.12.005","volume":"34","author":"DR Schrider","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schrider, D. R. & Kern, A. D. Supervised Machine Learning for Population Genetics: A New Paradigm. Trends Genet. 34, 301\u2013312 (2018).","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"key":"8650_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-019-1004-8","volume":"19","author":"S Uddin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Uddin, S., Khan, A., Hossain, M. E. & Moni, M. A. Comparing different supervised machine learning algorithms for disease prediction. BMC Med Inf. Decis. Mak. 19, 281 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf. Decis. Mak."},{"key":"8650_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2022.02.009","volume":"155","author":"A Chatterjee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chatterjee, A., Saha, J. & Mukherjee, J. Clustering with multi-layered perceptron. Pattern Recognit. Lett. 155, 92\u201399 (2022).","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Lett."},{"key":"8650_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btaa705","volume":"37","author":"F Mock","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mock, F., Viehweger, A., Barth, E. & Marz, M. VIDHOP, viral host prediction with deep learning. Bioinformatics 37, 318\u2013325 (2021).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"8650_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647424","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.647424","volume":"8","author":"OC Karabulut","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karabulut, O. C., Karpuzcu, B. A., T\u00fcrk, E., Ibrahim, A. H. & S\u00fczek, B. E. ML-AdVInfect: A Machine-Learning Based Adenoviral Infection Predictor. Front Mol. Biosci. 8, 647424 (2021).","journal-title":"Front Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"8650_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8040549","volume":"8","author":"DDR Bandoy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bandoy, D. D. R. & Weimer, B. C. Biological Machine Learning Combined with Campylobacter Population Genomics Reveals Virulence Gene Allelic Variants Cause Disease. Microorganisms 8, 549 (2020).","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"8650_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2018877118","volume":"118","author":"H Im","year":"2021","unstructured":"Im, H., Hwang, S. H., Kim, B. S. & Choi, S. H. Pathogenic potential assessment of the Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli by a source attribution-considered machine learning model. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 118, e2018877118 (2021).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"8650_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2005.09.006","volume":"15","author":"D Medini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Medini, D., Donati, C., Tettelin, H., Masignani, V. & Rappuoli, R. The microbial pan-genome. Curr. Opin. Genet Dev. 15, 589\u2013594 (2005).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Genet Dev."},{"key":"8650_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2023.104334","volume":"115","author":"A Rajput","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rajput, A. et al. Pangenome analysis reveals the genetic basis for taxonomic classification of the Lactobacillaceae family. Food Microbiol. 115, 104334 (2023).","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"8650_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-44-105","volume":"44","author":"M Mancilla","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mancilla, M. et al. Deletion of the GI-2 integrase and the wbkA flanking transposase improves the stability of Brucella melitensis Rev 1 vaccine. Vet. Res. 44, 105 (2013).","journal-title":"Vet. Res"},{"key":"8650_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0213689","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213689","volume":"14","author":"F De Massis","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Massis, F. et al. Distribution of Brucella field strains isolated from livestock, wildlife populations, and humans in Italy from 2007 to 2015. PLoS One 14, e0213689 (2019).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"8650_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887671","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.887671","volume":"9","author":"CA Rossetti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rossetti, C. A., Maurizio, E. & Rossi, U. A. Comparative Review of Brucellosis in Small Domestic Ruminants. Front Vet. Sci. 9, 887671 (2022).","journal-title":"Front Vet. Sci."},{"key":"8650_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2020.1868616","volume":"41","author":"SK Khurana","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khurana, S. K. et al. Bovine brucellosis - a comprehensive review. Vet. Q 41, 61\u201388 (2021).","journal-title":"Vet. Q"},{"key":"8650_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.04.012","volume":"41","author":"J Sankarasubramanian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sankarasubramanian, J., Vishnu, U. S., Gunasekaran, P. & Rajendhran, J. A genome-wide SNP-based phylogenetic analysis distinguishes different biovars of Brucella suis. Infect., Genet. Evolution 41, 213\u2013217 (2016).","journal-title":"Infect., Genet. Evolution"},{"key":"8650_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5519","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005519","volume":"4","author":"RM Tsolis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tsolis, R. M. et al. Genome degradation in Brucella ovis corresponds with narrowing of its host range and tissue tropism. PLoS One 4, e5519 (2009).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"8650_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713157","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.713157","volume":"12","author":"LW Stranahan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stranahan, L. W. & Arenas-Gamboa, A. M. When the Going Gets Rough: The Significance of Brucella Lipopolysaccharide Phenotype in Host-Pathogen Interactions. Front Microbiol 12, 713157 (2021).","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"8650_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1824549","volume":"9","author":"X Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang, X. et al. Whole-genome sequencing of rough Brucella melitensis in China provides insights into its genetic features. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 9, 2147\u20132156 (2020).","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"8650_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12163","volume":"62","author":"CM Dentinger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dentinger, C. M. et al. Human Brucella canis Infection and Subsequent Laboratory Exposures Associated with a Puppy, New York City, 2012. Zoonoses Public Health 62, 407\u2013414 (2015).","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"8650_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2709.204701","volume":"27","author":"J Ahmed-Bentley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmed-Bentley, J. et al. Laboratory Exposures from an Unsuspected Case of Human Infection with Brucella canis. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 27, 2489\u20132491 (2021).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8650_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1329","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1329","volume":"11","author":"M Orsini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Orsini, M., Ianni, A. & Zinzula, L. Brucella ceti and Brucella pinnipedialis genome characterization unveils genetic features that highlight their zoonotic potential. MicrobiologyOpen 11, e1329 (2022).","journal-title":"MicrobiologyOpen"},{"key":"8650_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-015-0456-z","volume":"11","author":"Z R\u00f3nai","year":"2015","unstructured":"R\u00f3nai, Z. et al. First isolation and characterization of Brucella microti from wild boar. BMC Vet. Res. 11, 147 (2015).","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res"},{"key":"8650_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.000998","volume":"66","author":"HC Scholz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Scholz, H. C. et al. Brucella vulpis sp. nov., isolated from mandibular lymph nodes of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Int. J. Syst. Evolut. Microbiol. 66, 2090\u20132098 (2016).","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evolut. Microbiol."},{"key":"8650_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.011148-0","volume":"60","author":"HC Scholz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scholz, H. C. et al. Brucella inopinata sp. nov., isolated from a breast implant infection. Int. J. Syst. Evolut. Microbiol. 60, 801\u2013808 (2010).","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evolut. Microbiol."},{"key":"8650_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1389859","volume":"15","author":"Z Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, Z. et al. Comparative genomic analysis provides insights into the genetic diversity and pathogenicity of the genus Brucella. Front. Microbiol. 15, 1389859 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"8650_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00213","volume":"5","author":"E Moreno","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moreno, E. Retrospective and prospective perspectives on zoonotic brucellosis. Front Microbiol 5, 213 (2014).","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"8650_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2306.162018","volume":"23","author":"M Su\u00e1rez-Esquivel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez-Esquivel, M. et al. Brucella neotomae Infection in Humans, Costa Rica. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 23, 997\u20131000 (2017).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8650_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oonishi, H. & Iima, H. in 2017 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (C. I. G.). 232-239.","DOI":"10.1109\/CIG.2017.8080441"},{"key":"8650_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00216","volume":"6","author":"D Oseguera Montiel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oseguera Montiel, D., Frankena, K., Udo, H. & van der Zijpp, A. Opportunities for Brucellosis Control in Mexico: Views Based on the Sustainable Livelihoods Perspective. Front Vet. Sci. 6, 216 (2019).","journal-title":"Front Vet. Sci."},{"key":"8650_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02505","volume":"9","author":"M Holzapfel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Holzapfel, M. et al. Comparative Genomics and in vitro Infection of Field Clonal Isolates of Brucella melitensis Biovar 3 Did Not Identify Signature of Host Adaptation. Front Microbiol. 9, 2505 (2018).","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"8650_CR50","first-page":"275","volume":"40","author":"H Uncu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Uncu, H. et al. A case of brucellosis presenting with urinary tract infection]. Mikrobiyol. Bul. 40, 275\u2013278 (2006).","journal-title":"Mikrobiyol. Bul."},{"key":"8650_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01968069","volume":"9","author":"B Vandercam","year":"1990","unstructured":"Vandercam, B. et al. Isolation of Brucella melitensis from human sperm. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol Infect. Dis. 9, 303\u2013304 (1990).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8650_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmn017","volume":"54","author":"NV Tikare","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tikare, N. V., Mantur, B. G. & Bidari, L. H. Brucellar Meningitis in an Infant\u2014Evidence for Human Breast Milk Transmission. J. Tropical Pediatrics 54, 272\u2013274 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Tropical Pediatrics"},{"key":"8650_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4302-y","volume":"19","author":"G Tian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tian, G. et al. A case report on mother-to-child transmission of Brucella in human, China. BMC Infect. Dis. 19, 666 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8650_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.1086\/653608","volume":"51","author":"E Meltzer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Meltzer, E. et al. Sexually Transmitted Brucellosis in Humans. Clin. Infect. Dis. 51, e12\u2013e15 (2010).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8650_CR55","first-page":"272","volume":"47","author":"M Ak\u00e7aku\u015f","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ak\u00e7aku\u015f, M., Esel, D., Cetin, N., Kisaarslan, A. P. & Kurto\u011flu, S. Brucella melitensis in blood cultures of two newborns due to exchange transfusion. Turk. J. Pediatr. 47, 272\u2013274 (2005).","journal-title":"Turk. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"8650_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2021.100241","volume":"15","author":"F Meurens","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meurens, F. et al. Animal board invited review: Risks of zoonotic disease emergence at the interface of wildlife and livestock systems. Animal 15, 100241 (2021).","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"8650_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.05.031","volume":"172","author":"Z Kreizinger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kreizinger, Z. et al. Genetic relatedness of Brucella suis biovar 2 isolates from hares, wild boars and domestic pigs. Vet. Microbiol. 172, 492\u2013498 (2014).","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"8650_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268817001704","volume":"145","author":"A Mailles","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mailles, A. et al. Brucella suis biovar 2 infection in humans in France: emerging infection or better recognition?. Epidemiol. Infect. 145, 2711\u20132716 (2017).","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"8650_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-022-03332-2","volume":"18","author":"W Elmonir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elmonir, W. et al. Isolation and molecular confirmation of Brucella suis biovar 2 from slaughtered pigs: an unanticipated biovar from domestic pigs in Egypt. BMC Vet. Res 18, 224 (2022).","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res"},{"key":"8650_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2022.105734","volume":"171","author":"AA Akhtar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Akhtar, A. A. & Turner, D. P. J. The role of bacterial ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in pathogenesis and virulence: Therapeutic and vaccine potential. Microb. Pathogenesis 171, 105734 (2022).","journal-title":"Microb. Pathogenesis"},{"key":"8650_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11091016","volume":"11","author":"D Kornspan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kornspan, D., Zahavi, T. & Salmon-Divon, M. The Acidic Stress Response of the Intracellular Pathogen Brucella melitensis: New Insights from a Comparative, Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis. Genes. 11, 1016 (2020).","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"8650_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13321-024-00902-4","volume":"16","author":"LHM Torres","year":"2024","unstructured":"Torres, L. H. M., Arrais, J. P. & Ribeiro, B. Combining graph neural networks and transformers for few-shot nuclear receptor binding activity prediction. J. Cheminformatics. 16, 109 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Cheminformatics"},{"key":"8650_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11312","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1606567113","volume":"113","author":"N Lupolova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lupolova, N., Dallman, T. J., Matthews, L., Bono, J. L. & Gally, D. L. Support vector machine applied to predict the zoonotic potential of E. coli O157 cattle isolates. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, 11312\u201311317 (2016).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"8650_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000135","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000135","volume":"3","author":"N Lupolova","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lupolova, N., Dallman, T. J., Holden, N. J. & Gally, D. L. Patchy promiscuity: Machine learning applied to predict the host specificity of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli. Microb. Genomics 3, e000135 (2017).","journal-title":"Microb. Genomics"},{"key":"8650_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3219","volume":"47","author":"D Viana","year":"2015","unstructured":"Viana, D. et al. A single natural nucleotide mutation alters bacterial pathogen host tropism. Nat. Genet 47, 361\u2013366 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet"},{"key":"8650_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.6.1271","volume":"34","author":"H Yoshida","year":"1990","unstructured":"Yoshida, H., Bogaki, M., Nakamura, M. & Nakamura, S. Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 34, 1271\u20131272 (1990).","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"8650_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt086","volume":"29","author":"A Gurevich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gurevich, A., Saveliev, V., Vyahhi, N. & Tesler, G. QUAST: quality assessment tool for genome assemblies. Bioinformatics 29, 1072\u20131075 (2013).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"8650_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu153","volume":"30","author":"T Seemann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seemann, T. Prokka: rapid prokaryotic genome annotation. Bioinformatics 30, 2068\u20132069 (2014).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"8650_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3691","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv421","volume":"31","author":"AJ Page","year":"2015","unstructured":"Page, A. J. et al. Roary: rapid large-scale prokaryote pan genome analysis. Bioinformatics 31, 3691\u20133693 (2015).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"8650_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5825","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab293","volume":"38","author":"CP Cantalapiedra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cantalapiedra, C. P., Hern\u00e1ndez-Plaza, A., Letunic, I., Bork, P. & Huerta-Cepas, J. eggNOG-mapper v2: Functional Annotation, Orthology Assignments, and Domain Prediction at the Metagenomic Scale. Mol. Biol. Evolution 38, 5825\u20135829 (2021).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evolution"},{"key":"8650_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elbehiry, A. et al. The Development of Diagnostic and Vaccine Strategies for Early Detection and Control of Human Brucellosis, Particularly in Endemic Areas. Vaccines (Basel) 11, 654","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11030654"},{"key":"8650_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2023.105457","volume":"112","author":"B Aljanazreh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aljanazreh, B., Shamseye, A. A., Abuawad, A. & Ashhab, Y. Genomic distribution of the insertion sequence IS711 reveal a potential role in Brucella genome plasticity and host preference. Infect., Genet. Evolution 112, 105457 (2023).","journal-title":"Infect., Genet. Evolution"},{"key":"8650_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(02)00252-3","volume":"90","author":"S Deqiu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Deqiu, S., Donglou, X. & Jiming, Y. Epidemiology and control of brucellosis in China. Vet. Microbiol. 90, 165\u2013182 (2002).","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"8650_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.641022","volume":"8","author":"S Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun, S. et al. Safety and Transcriptome Analysis of Live Attenuated Brucella Vaccine Strain S2 on Non-pregnant Cynomolgus Monkeys Without Abortive Effect on Pregnant Cynomolgus Monkeys. Front. Vet. Sci. 8, 641022 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"8650_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-016-1108-8","volume":"17","author":"O Brynildsrud","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brynildsrud, O., Bohlin, J., Scheffer, L. & Eldholm, V. Rapid scoring of genes in microbial pan-genome-wide association studies with Scoary. Genome Biol. 17, 238 (2016).","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"8650_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.13512","volume":"12","author":"D Edler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Edler, D., Klein, J., Antonelli, A. & Silvestro, D. raxmlGUI 2.0: A graphical interface and toolkit for phylogenetic analyses using RAxML. Methods Ecol. Evolution 12, 373\u2013377 (2021).","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evolution"},{"key":"8650_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W587","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad359","volume":"51","author":"J Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie, J. et al. Tree Visualization By One Table (tvBOT): a web application for visualizing, modifying and annotating phylogenetic trees. Nucleic Acids Res. 51, W587\u2013W592 (2023).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."}],"container-title":["Communications Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-025-08650-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-025-08650-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-025-08650-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T09:53:13Z","timestamp":1757411593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-025-08650-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-025-08650-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2399-3642"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2399-3642","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1253"}}