{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T15:26:51Z","timestamp":1772465211048,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016-01720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-01720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-01042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-01042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005390","name":"Alfred \u00d6sterlunds stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005390","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DOC 130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DOC 130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Commun Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Allergy, characterised by antibody responses of the IgE isotype, is a major health concern. The set of monoclonal human IgE used for studying the molecular mechanisms of allergies is limited. Single-cell sequencing offers opportunities to establish novel antibodies for researching, diagnosis, and treatment of allergies. We describe and exploit a pipeline for generating recombinant IgE directly from the immune repertoires of allergic subjects. It uses single-cell sequencing of IgM\n                    <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells of bone marrow and peripheral blood in an allergen-agnostic manner, combined with high-throughput transcriptome sequencing to identify clonotypes populating the IgE repertoire. Immunochemical and immunoprecipitation analyses are used to deconvolute the specificity of identified antibodies. High-affinity antibodies were raised against four grass pollen allergens, antibodies that illustrated aspects of the development of allergen-specific humoral immunity. The pipeline provides a streamlined approach for the development and characterisation of native allergen-specific antibodies as they occur in allergy and during allergy desensitisation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-026-09600-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T11:34:46Z","timestamp":1769600086000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Allergen-specific human IgE isolated through an allergen-agnostic pipeline\u2014understanding immune response and allergen recognition"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Linnea","family":"Th\u00f6rnqvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Franciskovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Godzwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bjarne","family":"Kristensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5619-517X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristin","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3730-094X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franziska","family":"Nordstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Palmason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolina","family":"Todorovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2261-958X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malin","family":"Lindstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Greiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0710-9792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik","family":"Levander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5105-1938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mats","family":"Ohlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"9600_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3627","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14908","volume":"76","author":"MH Shamji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shamji, M. H. et al. The role of allergen-specific IgE, IgG and IgA in allergic disease. Allergy 76, 3627\u20133641 (2021).","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"9600_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666-668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.06.034","volume":"126","author":"PJ Bousquet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bousquet, P. J. et al. Uncontrolled allergic rhinitis during treatment and its impact on quality of life: a cluster randomized trial. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 126, 666-668\u2013e661-665 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.15367.1","volume":"7","author":"FCL Hoyte","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hoyte, F. C. L. & Nelson, H. S. Recent advances in allergic rhinitis. F1000Res 7, 1333 (2018).","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"9600_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15082","DOI":"10.1038\/npjpcrm.2015.82","volume":"26","author":"LO Cardell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cardell, L. O. et al. TOTALL: high cost of allergic rhinitis-a national Swedish population-based questionnaire study. NPJ Prim. Care Respir. Med. 26, 15082 (2016).","journal-title":"NPJ Prim. Care Respir. Med."},{"key":"9600_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13099","volume":"72","author":"C Colas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Colas, C. et al. Estimate of the total costs of allergic rhinitis in specialized care based on real-world data: the FERIN Study. Allergy 72, 959\u2013966 (2017).","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"9600_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ra23","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3000540","volume":"1","author":"SD Boyd","year":"2009","unstructured":"Boyd, S. D. et al. Measurement and clinical monitoring of human lymphocyte clonality by massively parallel VDJ pyrosequencing. Sci. Transl. Med. 1, ra23 (2009).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"9600_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2006.06.062","volume":"362","author":"U Andr\u00e9asson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Andr\u00e9asson, U. et al. The human IgE-encoding transcriptome to assess antibody repertoires and repertoire evolution. J. Mol. Biol. 362, 212\u2013227 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"9600_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10967","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.18.10967","volume":"271","author":"P Steinberger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Steinberger, P., Kraft, D. & Valenta, R. Construction of a combinatorial IgE library from an allergic patient. Isolation and characterization of human IgE Fabs with specificity for the major timothy grass pollen allergen, Phl p 5. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 10967\u201310972 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"9600_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e123387","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.123387","volume":"3","author":"MA Wurth","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wurth, M. A. et al. Human IgE mAbs define variability in commercial Aspergillus extract allergen composition. JCI Insight 3, e123387 (2018).","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"9600_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-022-01055-w","volume":"23","author":"SA Smith","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smith, S. A., Chruszcz, M., Chapman, M. D. & Pomes, A. Human monoclonal IgE antibodies-a major milestone in allergy. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep. 23, 53\u201365 (2023).","journal-title":"Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep."},{"key":"9600_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.03.026","volume":"136","author":"SU Patil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patil, S. U. et al. Peanut oral immunotherapy transiently expands circulating Ara h 2-specific B cells with a homologous repertoire in unrelated subjects. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 136, 125\u2013134 e112 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.05.029","volume":"137","author":"RA Hoh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoh, R. A. et al. Single B-cell deconvolution of peanut-specific antibody responses in allergic patients. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 137, 157\u2013167 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.02.009","volume":"152","author":"RA Hoh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hoh, R. A. et al. Clonal evolution and stereotyped sequences of human IgE lineages in aeroallergen-specific immunotherapy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 152, 214\u2013229 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.09.027","volume":"137","author":"M Levin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Levin, M. et al. Persistence and evolution of allergen-specific IgE repertoires during subcutaneous specific immunotherapy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 137, 1535\u20131544 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.12.1569","volume":"131","author":"JM Davies","year":"2013","unstructured":"Davies, J. M., Platts-Mills, T. A. & Aalberse, R. C. The enigma of IgE+ B-cell memory in human subjects. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 131, 972\u2013976 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.07.014","volume":"137","author":"TJ Looney","year":"2016","unstructured":"Looney, T. J. et al. Human B-cell isotype switching origins of IgE. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 137, 579\u2013586 e577 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadl1202","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adl1202","volume":"16","author":"A von Borstel","year":"2024","unstructured":"von Borstel, A., O\u2019Hehir, R. E. & van Zelm, M. C. IgE in allergy: it takes two. Sci. Transl. Med. 16, eadl1202 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"9600_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadi0673","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adi0673","volume":"16","author":"M Ota","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ota, M. et al. CD23(+)IgG1(+) memory B cells are poised to switch to pathogenic IgE production in food allergy. Sci. Transl. Med. 16, eadi0673 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"9600_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadi0944","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adi0944","volume":"16","author":"JFE Koenig","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koenig, J. F. E. et al. Type 2-polarized memory B cells hold allergen-specific IgE memory. Sci. Transl. Med. 16, eadi0944 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"9600_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15529","volume":"78","author":"CI McKenzie","year":"2023","unstructured":"McKenzie, C. I. et al. RNA sequencing of single allergen-specific memory B cells after grass pollen immunotherapy: two unique cell fates and CD29 as a biomarker for treatment effect. Allergy 78, 822\u2013835 (2023).","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"9600_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.06.041","volume":"120","author":"H Persson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Persson, H., Sadegh, M. K., Greiff, L. & Ohlin, M. Delineating the specificity of an IgE-encoding transcriptome. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 120, 1186\u20131192 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014860030380","volume":"18","author":"K Fotisch","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fotisch, K. Vieths S. N- and O-linked oligosaccharides of allergenic glycoproteins. Glycoconj. J. 18, 373\u2013390 (2001).","journal-title":"Glycoconj. J."},{"key":"9600_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.04.014","volume":"140","author":"C Hjort","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hjort, C. et al. The number and affinity of productive IgE pairs determine allergen activation of mast cells. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 140, 1167\u20131170 e1162 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330153","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1330153","volume":"14","author":"AM Collins","year":"2023","unstructured":"Collins, A. M. et al. AIRR-C IG reference sets: curated sets of immunoglobulin heavy and light chain germline genes. Front. Immunol. 14, 1330153 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.03.012","volume":"87","author":"U Kirik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kirik, U., Greiff, L., Levander, F. & Ohlin, M. Parallel antibody germline gene and haplotype analyses support the validity of immunoglobulin germline gene inference and discovery. Mol. Immunol. 87, 12\u201322 (2017).","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600778","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1600778","volume":"16","author":"M Essen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Essen, M., Franciskovic, E., Sele, C., Godzwon, M. & Ohlin, M. Low nanomolar affinity to major grass pollen allergen Phl p 5 as achieved in an unmutated human antibody-lineage ancestor. Front. Immunol. 16, 1600778 (2025).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/jse.12150","volume":"53","author":"RJ Soreng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Soreng, R. J. et al. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae). J. Syst. Evol. 53, 117\u2013137 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Syst. Evol."},{"key":"9600_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4025","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1810576116","volume":"116","author":"MIJ Raybould","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raybould, M. I. J. et al. Five computational developability guidelines for therapeutic antibody profiling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 116, 4025\u20134030 (2019).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"9600_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.05.026","volume":"122","author":"LH Christensen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Christensen, L. H., Holm, J., Lund, G., Riise, E. & Lund, K. Several distinct properties of the IgE repertoire determine effector cell degranulation in response to allergen challenge. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 122, 298\u2013304 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.038","volume":"149","author":"A Atanasio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Atanasio, A. et al. Targeting immunodominant Bet v 1 epitopes with monoclonal antibodies prevents the birch allergic response. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 149, 200\u2013211 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2023.100522","volume":"3","author":"S Asrat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asrat, S. et al. TRAPnSeq allows high-throughput profiling of antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells. Cell Rep. Methods 3, 100522 (2023).","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Methods"},{"key":"9600_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14897","volume":"76","author":"AM Ehlers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ehlers, A. M., den Hartog Jager, C. F., Knulst, A. C. & Otten, H. G. Distinction between peanut allergy and tolerance by characterization of B cell receptor repertoires. Allergy 76, 2753\u20132764 (2021).","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"9600_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.08.035","volume":"153","author":"D Croote","year":"2024","unstructured":"Croote, D. et al. Widespread monoclonal IgE antibody convergence to an immunodominant, proanaphylactic Ara h 2 epitope in peanut allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 153, 182\u2013192.e187 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau2599","volume":"362","author":"D Croote","year":"2018","unstructured":"Croote, D., Darmanis, S., Nadeau, K. C. & Quake, S. R. High-affinity allergen-specific human antibodies cloned from single IgE B cell transcriptomes. Science 362, 1306\u20131309 (2018).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"9600_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.039","volume":"149","author":"P Gevaert","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gevaert, P. et al. Novel antibody cocktail targeting Bet v 1 rapidly and sustainably treats birch allergy symptoms in a phase 1 study. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 149, 189\u2013199 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.06.025","volume":"150","author":"FJ de Blay","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Blay, F. J. et al. REGN1908\/1909 prevented cat allergen-induced early asthmatic responses in an environmental exposure unit. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 150, 1437\u20131446 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pgac054","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgac054","volume":"1","author":"K Khatri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khatri, K. et al. Human IgE monoclonal antibody recognition of mite allergen Der p 2 defines structural basis of an epitope for IgE cross-linking and anaphylaxis in vivo. PNAS Nexus 1, pgac054 (2022).","journal-title":"PNAS Nexus"},{"key":"9600_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14802","volume":"76","author":"TA Platts-Mills","year":"2021","unstructured":"Platts-Mills, T. A. et al. Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies. Allergy 76, 2383\u20132394 (2021).","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"9600_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12511","volume":"69","author":"SC Devanaboyina","year":"2014","unstructured":"Devanaboyina, S. C. et al. High-resolution crystal structure and IgE recognition of the major grass pollen allergen Phl p 3. Allergy 69, 1617\u20131628 (2014).","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"9600_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5657","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2008.06691.x","volume":"275","author":"J Persson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Persson, J., Augustsson, P., Laurell, T. & Ohlin, M. Acoustic microfluidic chip technology to facilitate automation of phage display selection. FEBS J. 275, 5657\u20135666 (2008).","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"9600_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12423","volume":"44","author":"M Levin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levin, M. et al. Multiple independent IgE epitopes on the highly allergenic grass pollen allergen Phl p 5. Clin. Exp. Allergy 44, 1409\u20131419 (2014).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"9600_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2008.01.004","volume":"45","author":"H Persson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Persson, H. et al. A common idiotype in IgE and its relation to recognition of the grass pollen allergen Phl p 2. Mol. Immunol. 45, 2715\u20132720 (2008).","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.06.040","volume":"139","author":"M Levin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Levin, M., Levander, F., Palmason, R., Greiff, L. & Ohlin, M. Antibody-encoding repertoires of bone marrow and peripheral blood-a focus on IgE. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 139, 1026\u20131030 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaay4209","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aay4209","volume":"5","author":"RA Hoh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hoh, R. A. et al. Origins and clonal convergence of gastrointestinal IgE(+) B cells in human peanut allergy. Sci. Immunol. 5, eaay4209 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"aav8402","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aav8402","volume":"5","author":"S Asrat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asrat, S. et al. Chronic allergen exposure drives accumulation of long-lived IgE plasma cells in the bone marrow, giving rise to serological memory. Sci. Immunol. 5, aav8402 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.03.021","volume":"132","author":"D Zafred","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zafred, D., Nandy, A., Pump, L., Kahlert, H. & Keller, W. Crystal structure and immunologic characterization of the major grass pollen allergen Phl p 4. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 132, 696\u2013703 e610 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403202","volume":"17","author":"JJ van Dongen","year":"2003","unstructured":"van Dongen, J. J. et al. Design and standardization of PCR primers and protocols for detection of clonal immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene recombinations in suspect lymphoproliferations: report of the BIOMED-2 Concerted Action BMH4-CT98-3936. Leukemia 17, 2257\u20132317 (2003).","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"9600_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu138","volume":"30","author":"JA Vander Heiden","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vander Heiden, J. A. et al. pRESTO: a toolkit for processing high-throughput sequencing raw reads of lymphocyte receptor repertoires. Bioinformatics 30, 1930\u20131932 (2014).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"9600_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-842-9_32","volume":"882","author":"E Alamyar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alamyar, E., Duroux, P., Lefranc, M. P. & Giudicelli, V. IMGT((R)) tools for the nucleotide analysis of immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) V-(D)-J repertoires, polymorphisms, and IG mutations: IMGT\/V-QUEST and IMGT\/HighV-QUEST for NGS. Methods Mol. Biol. 882, 569\u2013604 (2012).","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"9600_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3356","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv359","volume":"31","author":"NT Gupta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gupta, N. T. et al. Change-O: a toolkit for analyzing large-scale B cell immunoglobulin repertoire sequencing data. Bioinformatics 31, 3356\u20133358 (2015).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"9600_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1711.1998.00772.x","volume":"76","author":"P Zylstra","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zylstra, P., Rothenfluh, H. S., Weiller, G. F., Blanden, R. V. & Steele, E. J. PCR amplification of murine immunoglobulin germline V genes: strategies for minimization of recombination artefacts. Immunol. Cell Biol. 76, 395\u2013405 (1998).","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"9600_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00435","volume":"10","author":"M Ohlin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ohlin, M. et al. Inferred allelic variants of immunoglobulin receptor genes: A system for their evaluation, documentation, and naming. Front. Immunol. 10, 435 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"9600_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.icb.7100144","volume":"86","author":"Y Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Jackson, K. J., Sewell, W. A. & Collins, A. M. Many human immunoglobulin heavy-chain IGHV gene polymorphisms have been reported in error. Immunol. Cell Biol. 86, 111\u2013115 (2008).","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"9600_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13642","volume":"7","author":"MM Corcoran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Corcoran, M. M. et al. Production of individualized V gene databases reveals high levels of immunoglobulin genetic diversity. Nat. Commun. 7, 13642 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"9600_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22664","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1906020116","volume":"116","author":"KB Hoehn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hoehn, K. B. et al. Repertoire-wide phylogenetic models of B cell molecular evolution reveal evolutionary signatures of aging and vaccination. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 116, 22664\u201322672 (2019).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"9600_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1511","volume":"26","author":"J Cox","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cox, J. & Mann, M. MaxQuant enables high peptide identification rates, individualized p.p.b.-range mass accuracies and proteome-wide protein quantification. Nat. Biotechnol. 26, 1367\u20131372 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"9600_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D543","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1038","volume":"50","author":"Y Perez-Riverol","year":"2022","unstructured":"Perez-Riverol, Y. et al. The PRIDE database resources in 2022: a hub for mass spectrometry-based proteomics evidences. Nucleic Acids Res. 50, D543\u2013D552 (2022).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"9600_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-021-04043-5","volume":"22","author":"J Willforss","year":"2021","unstructured":"Willforss, J., Siino, V. & Levander, F. OmicLoupe: facilitating biological discovery by interactive exploration of multiple omic datasets and statistical comparisons. BMC Bioinform. 22, 107 (2021).","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."}],"container-title":["Communications Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-026-09600-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-026-09600-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-026-09600-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T14:19:24Z","timestamp":1772461164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-026-09600-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9600"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-026-09600-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2399-3642"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2399-3642","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"332"}}