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Leveraging the next-generation Connectome MRI scanner (maximum gradient strength=500mT\/m, slew rate=600\u2009T\/m\/s), we characterized in vivo cortical laminar cytoarchitecture and myeloarchitecture through cortical depth-dependent analyses of soma and neurite density imaging (SANDI) metrics derived from 1\u2009mm diffusion MRI generated using a super-resolution technique. SANDI revealed distinct laminar profiles: intra-soma signal fraction peaked at ~55% cortical depth, while the intra-neurite signal fraction increased toward deeper cortical layers, consistent with known histological patterns. The visual cortex showed higher intra-soma signal fraction than the motor cortex, particularly in deeper layers. Intra-soma signal fraction correlated positively with cortical curvature in superficial layers and negatively in deeper layers, indicating layer-specific relationships between cortical microstructure and geometry. 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