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This study characterized three clinical CR-Eh isolates in the context of global genomic datasets, identifying distinct patterns of resistance gene carriage. Notably,\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                    was found duplicated on the chromosome of strain BC18 but resided on plasmids in other isolates. In contrast,\n                    <jats:italic>mcr-9<\/jats:italic>\n                    was detected in a conserved genetic context on an IncHI2 plasmid. Analysis of publicly available genomes from 47 countries demonstrated that\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub>\n                    variants (primarily\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM-5<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and\n                    <jats:italic>mcr-9<\/jats:italic>\n                    are widely distributed globally. Within the available dataset, the isolates exhibited high genetic diversity, with numerous sequence types (including high-risk clones ST171 and ST190) and plasmids (IncX3\/IncHI2) implicated in their spread. The strains carried an average of 14 ARGs\u00a0each, and phylogenetic analysis suggested potential for cross-border and cross-habitat transmission. Collectively, our findings underscore that\n                    <jats:italic>E. hormaechei<\/jats:italic>\n                    is not merely a pathogen but a highly adaptable genetic reservoir for ARG accumulation and dissemination, highlighting the urgent need for systematic One Health genomic surveillance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-026-09895-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T10:31:31Z","timestamp":1776249091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Global genomic and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Xiaoqian","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohe","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7621-6620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9457-4803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiangang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3605-4022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biao","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"9895_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2414315122","volume":"122","author":"AI Perault","year":"2025","unstructured":"Perault, A. 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