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Their roles in asthma, particularly IgE-independent effects, remain incompletely understood. Human basophils highly express the prostaglandin D\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (PGD\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) receptor 2 (DP2; also known as chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells, CRTH2). Here, we explore the PGD\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/DP2 axis as an alternative pathway for basophil activation. Basophils are enriched in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, correlating with eosinophil counts but not IgE levels. PGD\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/DP2 stimulation promotes basophil recruitment, activation, and the production of histamine, leukotrienes, and type 2 cytokines. RNA sequencing and further in vitro experiments reveal that, although PGD\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and IgE share some signalling pathways and functions, they induce distinct gene transcriptional signatures. Interestingly, PGD\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    downregulates major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene\u00a0protein (MR1) and attenuates basophil antigen-presentation to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, leading to reduced IFN-\u03b3 production. These findings highlight the PGD\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/DP2\/basophil axis as a contributor to asthma, particularly in IgE-low conditions, and suggest it as a potential therapeutic target for related diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-026-10286-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T14:56:27Z","timestamp":1779288987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The PGD2\/DP2 axis promotes pro-inflammatory responses but attenuates an antigen-presenting role of human basophils"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9009-065X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1705-2299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wentao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7230-9264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin J.","family":"Lett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3433-4255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Coakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1234-8253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shamsah","family":"Kazani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A.","family":"Shikatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0699-2373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy S. 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