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We identified an \u201coscillatory manifold\u201d\u2014a stable, low-dimensional geometric structure embedded within oscillatory waveforms\u2014that encodes color information. Within this manifold, trajectories for different colors were segregated via color-specific amplitude modulations of a shared oscillatory carrier. While the absolute spatial separation of these trajectories rapidly decayed following an initial stimulus-locked transient, their scale-invariant topological shape was conserved. Although stimulus shape was decodable from gamma-band power, it lacked the stable geometric structure observed for color. This contrast confirms that the oscillatory manifold is a specific representational format rather than a generic byproduct of neural activation. Consequently, gamma oscillations provide a dynamic \u201cgeometric scaffold\u201d safeguarding perceptual fidelity against energy fluctuations. This framework unifies representational geometry with oscillatory dynamics, offering a feature-specific perspective on how the cortex stabilizes sensory information.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-026-10652-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T11:14:51Z","timestamp":1783768491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gamma oscillations provide a stable geometric scaffold for color representation in primate inferior temporal cortex"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Chengpeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8633-2502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isao","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7736-0683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hisashi","family":"Tanigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"10652_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1962.sp006837","volume":"160","author":"DH Hubel","year":"1962","unstructured":"Hubel, D. 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