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Here we simultaneously test three approaches for enhancing settlement over two weeks in K\u0101ne\u2019ohe Bay, O\u2019ahu, Hawai\u2019i. Nineteen artificial structures, mimicking natural reef mesoscale roughness, were deployed along two transect lines at distances between 1 and 42 m from an \u201cacoustic enrichment\u201d underwater speaker broadcasting healthy reef sound. Twelve additional cinder blocks supporting micro-habitat structures designed to attenuate flow were also deployed at various distances. Some micro-habitats were coated with a living bacteria reef ink (Brink) to further induce larval settlement. Statistical regressions identify Brink presence, structure type, and speaker distance to 20 m as significant factors in predicting coral larval settlement density, but conclusions about acoustic enrichment efficacy are tentative. The cumulative effects of acoustic enrichment, living microbial materials, and custom-designed habitats on enhancing in-situ larval settlement justify further scaled-up reef restoration trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-026-10932-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T09:03:07Z","timestamp":1791450187000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In situ enhancement of coral larval settlement using acoustic enrichment, engineered habitats and living 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D.W. is the founder of Hybrid Reef Solutions, Inc., and an advisory Board Member of the Coral Restoration Consortium. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The Coral Settlement Module designs have been included in an international patent application no. PCT\/US2024\/051295, \u201cLarvae Aggregation Module,\u201d by the University of Hawaii, with J.M., J.R., N.S., and H.J. as applicants. All other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}],"article-number":"1288"}}