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We present a targeted strategy that enables selective liberation of cellulose microfibrils while preserving the integrity of the surrounding native wood structure. By combining partial delignification with localized surface modification using the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Bmim][OAc]), we enable selective liberation and separation of cellulose microfibrils without bulk dissolution or structural damage. This spatially confined treatment exploits the intrinsic anisotropy of the native cellulose architecture, allowing controlled fibril release while maintaining the original orientation and structural framework. 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