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Data was collected at first assessment after COVID-19 and consisted of demographics, medical history, symptoms and results from physical function tests and self-reported questionnaires.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Here we show that among 931 participants, the H-group are older (mean age 56.7 years) and predominantly male (72%), while the NH-group are younger (mean age 44.4 years) and mostly female (84%). Fatigue, dyspnoea, joint pain, paraesthesia, and chest pressure are common symptoms reported across all participants. Physical function is lower than predicted in both groups and the NH-group have higher prevalence of depression and fatigue. These impairments together with dyspnoea, number of symptoms and sick leave are also associated with reduced self-rated health. Four specific cluster profiles have been identified, and 66.4% of the participants have severe to moderate impairments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Regardless of the initial level of care approximately two-thirds of the participants exhibit various physical and mental impairments associated to self-rated health after COVID-19. We propose that defining specific cluster profiles is crucial for tailoring management of post-COVID sequelae. Further long-term studies are needed to understand recovery trajectories to optimise targeted interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-025-01251-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T06:10:57Z","timestamp":1764828657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Health outcomes in hospitalised and non-hospitalised individuals after COVID-19, an observational, cross-sectional 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Commun."}],"container-title":["Communications Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-025-01251-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-025-01251-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-025-01251-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T06:11:01Z","timestamp":1764828661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-025-01251-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43856-025-01251-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-664X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-664X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"M.N.B. reports receiving funding from the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, and FORTE\/FORMAS. J.B. reports receiving funding from the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Stockholm Regional County and consulting fees from Novartis for lectures in the area as an expert in the field of PCC, as well as consulting fees from the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU) for serving as an expert in the field. K.C. reports receiving support from the Swedish Heart Lung Foundation and Carl Bennet A.B. M.S. reports receiving funding from the Swedish Research Council, Pandemic Foundation, and Dysautonomia International. Consultant and consulting fees from the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU) for serving as an expert in the field. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"512"}}