{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:05:07Z","timestamp":1793419507218,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":116,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Commun Med"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-026-01769-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T17:52:15Z","timestamp":1783101135000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intraoperative dexmedetomidine reduces postoperative sleep disturbance in older adults undergoing major abdominal surgery: a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Hui-ping","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9352-7714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing-hui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-ping","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1504-1310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua-yue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4779-1906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi-sheng","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3611-7131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazneen","family":"Sudhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6649-665X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fu-hai","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2879-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"1769_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000538","volume":"31","author":"X Su","year":"2018","unstructured":"Su, X. & Wang, D. X. Improve postoperative sleep: what can we do? Curr. Opin. Anaesthesiol. 31, 83\u201388 (2018).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"1769_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2024.07.007","volume":"19","author":"JA Pappas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pappas, J. A. & Miner, B. Sleep deficiency in the elderly. Sleep. Med. Clin. 19, 593\u2013606 (2024).","journal-title":"Sleep. Med. Clin."},{"key":"1769_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001952","volume":"41","author":"CL Ou-Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ou-Yang, C. L. et al. Association of sleep quality on the night of operative day with postoperative delirium in elderly patients: a prospective cohort study. Eur. J. Anaesthesiol. 41, 226\u2013233 (2024).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"1769_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0318866","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0318866","volume":"20","author":"N Butris","year":"2025","unstructured":"Butris, N. et al. Sleep disturbances in older surgical patients with and without suspected cognitive impairment: a multicenter cohort study. PLoS One 20, e0318866 (2025).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1769_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000006395","volume":"136","author":"DR Hillman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hillman, D. R. et al. Society of anesthesia and sleep medicine position paper on patient sleep during hospitalization. Anesth. Analg. 136, 814\u2013824 (2023).","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"1769_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101786","volume":"69","author":"N Butris","year":"2023","unstructured":"Butris, N. et al. The prevalence and risk factors of sleep disturbances in surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep. Med. Rev. 69, 101786 (2023).","journal-title":"Sleep. Med. Rev."},{"key":"1769_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S413321","volume":"17","author":"J Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang, J., Qin, M., Lu, W. & Shen, X. Dexmedetomidine improved sleep quality in the intensive care unit after laryngectomy. Drug Des. Devel Ther. 17, 1631\u20131640 (2023).","journal-title":"Drug Des. Devel Ther."},{"key":"1769_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003567","volume":"133","author":"S Chamadia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chamadia, S. et al. Oral dexmedetomidine promotes non-rapid eye movement stage 2 sleep in humans. Anesthesiology 133, 1234\u20131243 (2020).","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"1769_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-023-02048-6","volume":"23","author":"H Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, H. et al. Effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Anesthesiol. 23, 88 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol."},{"key":"1769_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0314814","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0314814","volume":"19","author":"L Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, L., Liang, X. Q., Sun, Y. X., Hua, Z. & Wang, D. X. Effect of perioperative dexmedetomidine on sleep quality in adult patients after noncardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. PLoS One 19, e0314814 (2024).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1769_CR11","volume":"43","author":"Y Dong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong, Y. et al. Effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on postoperative sleep disturbances in women with breast cancer: a monocentric randomized-controlled double-blind trial. Anaesth. Crit. Care Pain. Med. 43, 101358 (2024).","journal-title":"Anaesth. Crit. Care Pain. Med."},{"key":"1769_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31668","volume":"10","author":"X Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, X. et al. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine on postoperative sleep disturbance in older patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial protocol. Heliyon 10, e31668 (2024).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"1769_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.07.027","volume":"86","author":"B Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao, B. et al. Intensive vs conventional intraoperative blood pressure management on cardiovascular events after major abdominal surgery.  BP-CARES Randomized Trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 86, 892\u2013906 (2025).","journal-title":"BP-CARES Randomized Trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"1769_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801601","volume":"378","author":"PS Myles","year":"2018","unstructured":"Myles, P. S. et al. Restrictive versus liberal fluid therapy for major abdominal surgery. N. Engl. J. Med. 378, 2263\u20132274 (2018).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"1769_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00604-9","volume":"55","author":"CR Soldatos","year":"2003","unstructured":"Soldatos, C. R., Dikeos, D. G. & Paparrigopoulos, T. J. The diagnostic validity of the Athens Insomnia Scale. J. Psychosom. Res. 55, 263\u2013267 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"1769_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.053","volume":"259","author":"C Shin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shin, C. et al. Usefulness of the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) for classifying minor and major depressive disorders among community-dwelling elders. J. Affect Disord. 259, 370\u2013375 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Affect Disord."},{"key":"1769_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000006272","volume":"136","author":"S Gong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gong, S. et al. Association between the FRAIL scale and postoperative complications in older surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth. Analg. 136, 251\u2013261 (2023).","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"1769_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S239706","volume":"12","author":"G Duan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Duan, G., Wang, K., Peng, T., Wu, Z. & Li, H. The effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine use and its different dose on postoperative sleep disturbance in patients who have undergone non-cardiac major surgery: a real-world cohort study. Nat. Sci. Sleep. 12, 209\u2013219 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Sci. Sleep."},{"key":"1769_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S257896","volume":"12","author":"B Song","year":"2020","unstructured":"Song, B. et al. Comparison of morning and evening operation under general anesthesia on intraoperative anesthetic requirement, postoperative sleep quality, and pain: a randomized controlled trial. Nat. Sci. Sleep. 12, 467\u2013475 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Sci. Sleep."},{"key":"1769_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2244514","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.44514","volume":"5","author":"D Qiu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiu, D. et al. Effect of intraoperative esketamine infusion on postoperative sleep disturbance after gynecological laparoscopy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw. Open 5, e2244514 (2022).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"1769_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-018-1734-7","volume":"18","author":"M Wrzosek","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wrzosek, M., Wojnar, M., Sawicka, A., Talalaj, M. & Nowicka, G. Insomnia and depressive symptoms in relation to unhealthy eating behaviors in bariatric surgery candidates. BMC Psychiatry 18, 153 (2018).","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"1769_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2017.05.019","volume":"99","author":"KZ Ronai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ronai, K. Z. et al. Association of symptoms of insomnia and sleep parameters among kidney transplant recipients. J. Psychosom. Res. 99, 95\u2013104 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"1769_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.09.015","volume":"111","author":"H Jahrami","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jahrami, H. et al. Reliability generalization meta-analysis of the Athens Insomnia Scale and its translations: examining internal consistency and test-retest validity. Sleep. Med. 111, 133\u2013145 (2023).","journal-title":"Sleep. Med."},{"key":"1769_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-025-06019-z","volume":"25","author":"X Chang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chang, X., Yuan, Y., Liao, J., Zhou, Q. & Wu, W. Assessing the impact of sleep quality on physical function in Chinese older inpatient. BMC Geriatr. 25, 356 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"1769_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-0865","volume":"161","author":"ER Marcantonio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marcantonio, E. R. et al. 3D-CAM: derivation and validation of a 3-minute diagnostic interview for CAM-defined delirium: a cross-sectional diagnostic test study. Ann. Intern. Med. 161, 554\u2013561 (2014).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"1769_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.03.009","volume":"128","author":"PS Myles","year":"2022","unstructured":"Myles, P. S., Shulman, M. A., Reilly, J., Kasza, J. & Romero, L. Measurement of quality of recovery after surgery using the 15-item quality of recovery scale: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br. J. Anaesth. 128, 1029\u20131039 (2022).","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"1769_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003977","volume":"135","author":"PS Myles","year":"2021","unstructured":"Myles, P. S. & Myles, D. B. An updated minimal clinically important difference for the QoR-15 scale. Anesthesiology 135, 934\u2013935 (2021).","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"1769_CR28","first-page":"356","volume":"10","author":"AR Willoughby","year":"2024","unstructured":"Willoughby, A. R. et al. Performance of wearable sleep trackers during nocturnal sleep and periods of simulated real-world smartphone use. Sleep. Health 10, 356\u2013368 (2024).","journal-title":"Sleep. Health"},{"key":"1769_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.990358","volume":"13","author":"X Sui","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sui, X. et al. The effects of dexmedetomidine for patient-controlled analgesia on postoperative sleep quality and gastrointestinal motility function after surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, and controlled trial. Front. Pharm. 13, 990358 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"key":"1769_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00528","volume":"7","author":"J Cai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cai, J. et al. Effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine dose on postoperative first night sleep quality in elderly surgery patients: a retrospective study with propensity score-matched analysis. Front. Med. 7, 528 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"1769_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2022.08.016","volume":"151","author":"MW Heymans","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heymans, M. W. & Twisk, J. W. R. Handling missing data in clinical research. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 151, 185\u2013188 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"1769_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S491084","volume":"16","author":"B Mei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mei, B. et al. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion improved postoperative sleep quality and melatonin secretion in patients undergoing elective thoracoscopic lung surgery: a prospective, randomized study. Nat. Sci. Sleep. 16, 2009\u20132020 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Sci. Sleep."},{"key":"1769_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aex257","volume":"119","author":"P Guldenmund","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guldenmund, P. et al. Brain functional connectivity differentiates dexmedetomidine from propofol and natural sleep. Br. J. Anaesth. 119, 674\u2013684 (2017).","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"1769_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.10.005","volume":"129","author":"O Akeju","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akeju, O. et al. Dexmedetomidine promotes biomimetic non-rapid eye movement stage 3 sleep in humans: a pilot study. Clin. Neurophysiol. 129, 69\u201378 (2018).","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"1769_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-014-9906-1","volume":"37","author":"H Xiang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xiang, H., Hu, B., Li, Z. & Li, J. Dexmedetomidine controls systemic cytokine levels through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Inflammation 37, 1763\u20131770 (2014).","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"1769_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.965661","volume":"13","author":"Y Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu, Y. et al. The neuroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine and its mechanism. Front Pharm. 13, 965661 (2022).","journal-title":"Front Pharm."},{"key":"1769_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300060524129071","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605241290715","volume":"52","author":"C Ji","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ji, C. et al. Advances in the use of dexmedetomidine during the perioperative period to improve postoperative sleep quality in patients undergoing surgery. J. Int. Med. Res. 52, 3000605241290715 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"1769_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15564","volume":"77","author":"ML van Zuylen","year":"2022","unstructured":"van Zuylen, M. L. et al. Effects of surgery and general anaesthesia on sleep-wake timing: CLOCKS observational study. Anaesthesia 77, 73\u201381 (2022).","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"}],"container-title":["Communications Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-026-01769-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-026-01769-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-026-01769-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T23:35:05Z","timestamp":1793057705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-026-01769-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1769"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43856-026-01769-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-664X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-664X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}],"article-number":"559"}}