{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T02:28:43Z","timestamp":1793845723427,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":114,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Commun Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surprisingly few medicines are available to prevent or manage pre-eclampsia, all of which are repurposed from non-pregnant populations and conditions. Analyses of clinical research and development pipelines for pre-eclampsia medicines have identified high-potential candidates; however, the preclinical pipeline has not been interrogated. To address this gap, we developed an approach to analyse and rank preclinical candidates and applied it to the preclinical pipeline for pre\u2011eclampsia and eclampsia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed and ranked the potential of 83 preclinical candidates for pre-eclampsia and eclampsia identified in the Maternal Health Pipeline spanning 2000 to 2025. Candidates were assessed across three domains \u2013 quality of preclinical evidence, product development stage and implementability. Each question in the prioritisation matrix was assigned a numerical value based on importance. The sum of these values was used to rank the potential of each candidate for future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a total of 106 candidates in the preclinical pipeline. Twenty-three candidates are excluded from our analysis. Among the 83 candidates analysed, 11 high-potential candidates are identified, and the remaining candidates are ranked as medium (63 candidates) and low potential (nine candidates). Of the candidates analysed, 49.4% are new chemical or biological entities, 37 different binding targets are identified and the proposed mechanism of action for 32 candidates is a reduction in angiogenic factor sFlt-1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High potential candidates should be prioritised for further development, but progress is restricted by current mechanisms of action and animal models. Increased investment is essential to advance pre-eclampsia therapies into clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-026-01784-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T12:33:56Z","timestamp":1784032436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The global preclinical research and development landscape for pre-eclampsia and eclampsia therapies"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3328-0403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Postregna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Bruinsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Tuttle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Keir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecile","family":"Ventola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Metin","family":"G\u00fclmezoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1059-061X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Ammerdorffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3214-7096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua P.","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie R. A.","family":"McDougall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1784_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00417-6","volume":"9","author":"E Dimitriadis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dimitriadis, E. et al. Pre-eclampsia. Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim. 9, 8 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"1784_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e626","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00560-6","volume":"13","author":"JA Cresswell","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cresswell, J. A. et al. Global and regional causes of maternal deaths 2009\u201320: a WHO systematic analysis.  Lancet Glob. Health 13, e626\u2013e634 (2025).","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"1784_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e710","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30163-9","volume":"7","author":"L Hug","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hug, L., Alexander, M., You, D. & Alkema, L. National, regional, and global levels and trends in neonatal mortality between 1990 and 2017, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis. Lancet Glob. Health 7, e710\u2013e720 (2019).","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"1784_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01112-0","volume":"398","author":"L Hug","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hug, L. et al. Global, regional, and national estimates and trends in stillbirths from 2000 to 2019: a systematic assessment. Lancet 398, 772\u2013785 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1784_CR5","first-page":"69","volume":"23","author":"KR Palmer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Palmer, K. R., Tong, S. & Kaitu\u2019u-Lino, T. J. Placental-specific sFLT-1: role in pre-eclamptic pathophysiology and its translational possibilities for clinical prediction and diagnosis. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 23, 69\u201378 (2016).","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"1784_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chiang, Y. T., Seow, K. M. & Chen, K. H. The pathophysiological, genetic, and hormonal changes in preeclampsia: a systematic review of the molecular mechanisms. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 25, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25084532 (2024).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084532"},{"key":"1784_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cluver, C. A., Rohwer, C. & Rohwer, A. C. Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD001059.pub6 (2025).","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001059.pub6"},{"key":"1784_CR8","unstructured":"WHO. WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia. World Health Organisation, (2011)."},{"key":"1784_CR9","unstructured":"WHO. WHO recommendation: calcium supplementation during pregnancy for prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications. World Health Organisation, (2018)."},{"key":"1784_CR10","unstructured":"WHO. WHO recommendations on antiplatelet agents for prevention of pre-eclampsia (2021 update). World Health Organisation, (2021)."},{"key":"1784_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l5119","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l5119","volume":"366","author":"K Webster","year":"2019","unstructured":"Webster, K., Fishburn, S., Maresh, M., Findlay, S. C. & Chappell, L. C. Diagnosis and management of hypertension in pregnancy: summary of updated NICE guidance. BMJ 366, l5119 (2019).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1784_CR12","first-page":"e1","volume":"133","author":"J Espinoza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Espinoza, J., Vidaeff, A., Pettker, C. & Simhan, H. ACOG practice bulletin no. 202: gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Obstet. Gynecol. 133, e1\u2013e25 (2019).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"1784_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17370","volume":"130","author":"P von Dadelszen","year":"2023","unstructured":"von Dadelszen, P., Syngelaki, A., Akolekar, R., Magee, L. A. & Nicolaides, K. H. Preterm and term pre-eclampsia: Relative burdens of maternal and perinatal complications. Bjog 130, 524\u2013530 (2023).","journal-title":"Bjog"},{"key":"1784_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2021.09.008","volume":"27","author":"LA Magee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Magee, L. A. et al. The 2021 International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy classification, diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens. 27, 148\u2013169 (2022).","journal-title":"Pregnancy Hypertens."},{"key":"1784_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0119-6","volume":"15","author":"EA Phipps","year":"2019","unstructured":"Phipps, E. A., Thadhani, R., Benzing, T. & Karumanchi, S. A. Pre-eclampsia: pathogenesis, novel diagnostics and therapies. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 15, 275\u2013289 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"1784_CR16","unstructured":"Bhattacharya, S. Safe and effective medicines for use in pregnancy: a call to action. Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham (2021)."},{"key":"1784_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02582-z","volume":"20","author":"ARA McDougall","year":"2022","unstructured":"McDougall, A. R. A. et al. Systematic evaluation of the pre-eclampsia drugs, dietary supplements and biologicals pipeline using target product profiles. BMC Med. 20, 393 (2022).","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"1784_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0001260","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001260","volume":"2","author":"AR McDougall","year":"2022","unstructured":"McDougall, A. R. et al. Target product profiles for novel medicines to prevent and treat preeclampsia: An expert consensus. PLOS Glob. Public Health 2, e0001260 (2022).","journal-title":"PLOS Glob. Public Health"},{"key":"1784_CR19","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.conceptfoundation.org\/accelerating-innovation-for-mothers\/target-product-profiles\/ Foundation, C. TARGET PRODUCT PROFILES. (2025)."},{"key":"1784_CR20","unstructured":"WHO. Target product profile for drugs to prevent pre-eclampsia. World Health Organisation, (2023)."},{"key":"1784_CR21","unstructured":"Health, I. G. Maternal Health Pipeline, https:\/\/pipeline.impactglobalhealth.org (2026)."},{"key":"1784_CR22","unstructured":"Landscape of Medicines Development for Five Pregnancy-related Conditions 2000\u20132021. (Concept Foundation, (2021)."},{"key":"1784_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14200","volume":"158","author":"ARA McDougall","year":"2022","unstructured":"McDougall, A. R. A. et al. Innovations in the prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage: Analysis of a novel medicines development pipeline database. Int J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 158, 31\u201339 (2022).","journal-title":"Int J. Gynaecol. Obstet."},{"key":"1784_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-05842-9","volume":"23","author":"ARA McDougall","year":"2023","unstructured":"McDougall, A. R. A. et al. New medicines for spontaneous preterm birth prevention and preterm labour management: landscape analysis of the medicine development pipeline. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 23, 525 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"1784_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","volume":"14","author":"CR Hooijmans","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hooijmans, C. R. et al. SYRCLE\u2019s risk of bias tool for animal studies. BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 14, 43 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"1784_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sheth, V. H., Shah, N. P., Jain, R., Bhanushali, N. & Bhatnagar, V. Development and validation of a risk-of-bias tool for assessing in vitro studies conducted in dentistry: The QUIN. J. Prosthet. Dent. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2022.05.019 (2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2022.05.019"},{"key":"1784_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-9-S1-S2","volume":"9","author":"KL Steinmetz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Steinmetz, K. L. & Spack, E. G. The basics of preclinical drug development for neurodegenerative disease indications. BMC Neurol. 9, S2 (2009).","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"1784_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-9-S3-S7","volume":"9","author":"FF Hefti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hefti, F. F. Requirements for a lead compound to become a clinical candidate. BMC Neurosci. 9, S7 (2008).","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"key":"1784_CR29","unstructured":"FDA. The Drug Development Process, https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/patients\/learn-about-drug-and-device-approvals\/drug-development-process (2018)."},{"key":"1784_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016959","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1016959","volume":"9","author":"S Arnouts","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arnouts, S., Brown, S., de Arriba, M. L., Donabedian, M. & Charlier, J. Technology Readiness Levels for vaccine and drug development in animal health: From discovery to life cycle management. Front Vet. Sci. 9, 1016959 (2022).","journal-title":"Front Vet. Sci."},{"key":"1784_CR31","unstructured":"Description of Technology Readiness Levels (TRL). Technology Innovation Agency, (2019)."},{"key":"1784_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Souto, E. B. et al. Nanopharmaceutics: Part II-Production Scales and Clinically Compliant Production Methods. Nanomaterials 10, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano10030455 (2020).","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10030455"},{"key":"1784_CR33","unstructured":"Life Sciences Technology Readiness Level (pharma, medical devices, digital health). (Meet in Italy for Life Sciences, 2023)."},{"key":"1784_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H72","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00486.2019","volume":"318","author":"ST Younes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Younes, S. T., Maeda, K. J., Sasser, J. & Ryan, M. J. The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist liraglutide attenuates placental ischemia-induced hypertension. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 318, H72\u2013H77 (2020).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"1784_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200405000-00017","volume":"43","author":"A Gairard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gairard, A. et al. Effect of i1 imidazoline receptor agonist, moxonidine, in nitric oxide-deficient hypertension in pregnant rats. J. Cardiovasc. Pharm. 43, 731\u2013736 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharm."},{"key":"1784_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2007.01.009","volume":"14","author":"H Takei","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takei, H. et al. The herbal medicines Saireito and Boiogito improve the hypertension of pre-eclamptic rats induced by Nomega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. Phytomedicine 14, 591\u2013600 (2007).","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"1784_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.09.107","volume":"108","author":"Y Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. A potential role of Baicalin to inhibit apoptosis and protect against acute liver and kidney injury in rat preeclampsia model. Biomed. Pharmacother. 108, 1546\u20131552 (2018).","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"1784_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300060520934288","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520934288","volume":"48","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Xiong, M., Zhou, F., Shi, N. & Jia, Y. Effect of baicalin on gestational hypertension-induced vascular endothelial cell damage. J. Int. Med. Res. 48, 300060520934288 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"1784_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19799","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28579","volume":"234","author":"S Gu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gu, S. et al. Tetramethylpyrazine reduces the consequences of nitric oxide inhibition in pregnant rats. J. Cell Physiol. 234, 19799\u201319806 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"1784_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-20-0309","volume":"160","author":"Y Yuan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yuan, Y., Zhao, L., Wang, X., Lian, F. & Cai, Y. Ligustrazine-induced microRNA-16-5p inhibition alleviates preeclampsia through IGF-2. Reproduction 160, 905\u2013917 (2020).","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"1784_CR41","unstructured":"Mergiaw, K. et al. Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Thymus schimperi on Hematologic Profiles of Animal Models of Pre-eclampsia. Asian J. Res. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2, 30\u201336 (2020)."},{"key":"1784_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1078\/0944-7113-00332","volume":"11","author":"H Takei","year":"2004","unstructured":"Takei, H. et al. The herbal medicine Toki-shakuyaku-san improves the hypertension and intrauterine growth retardation in preeclampsia rats induced by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. Phytomedicine 11, 43\u201350 (2004).","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"1784_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.FPJ04043X","volume":"98","author":"H Takei","year":"2005","unstructured":"Takei, H., Yamamoto, M., Kase, Y. & Takeda, S. The effect of herbal medicine Toki-shakuyaku-san on blood pressure in an Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced pre-eclampsia rat model during pregnancy and the postpartum period. J. Pharm. Sci. 98, 255\u2013262 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"1784_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1211\/002235702153","volume":"54","author":"R Soares De Moura","year":"2002","unstructured":"Soares De Moura, R. et al. Antihypertensive, vasodilator and antioxidant effects of a vinifera grape skin extract. J. Pharm. Pharm. 54, 1515\u20131520 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharm."},{"key":"1784_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/10641950601147960","volume":"26","author":"RS de Moura","year":"2007","unstructured":"de Moura, R. S., Resende, A. C., Moura, A. S. & Maradei, M. F. Protective action of a hydroalcoholic extract of a vinifera grape skin on experimental preeclampsia in rats. Hypertens. Pregnancy 26, 89\u2013100 (2007).","journal-title":"Hypertens. Pregnancy"},{"key":"1784_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3746\/pnf.2020.25.1.25","volume":"25","author":"GF da Costa","year":"2020","unstructured":"da Costa, G. F. et al. Vitis vinifera L. Grape Skin Extract Prevents Development of Hypertension and Altered Lipid Profile in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Role of Oxidative Stress. Prev. Nutr. Food Sci. 25, 25\u201331 (2020).","journal-title":"Prev. Nutr. Food Sci."},{"key":"1784_CR47","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"H Haji","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haji, H., Makonnen, E., Debella, A. & Geleta, B. Evaluation of diuretic and antihypertensive activity of leaf extracts of Thymus schimperi in rats. Br. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 7, 1\u20138 (2016).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"1784_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1539496","volume":"13","author":"D Afrose","year":"2025","unstructured":"Afrose, D. et al. Evaluating oxidative stress targeting treatments in in vitro models of placental stress relevant to preeclampsia. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 13, 2025 (2025).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"1784_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.119217","volume":"340","author":"P He","year":"2025","unstructured":"He, P. et al. Amomum villosum Lour. alleviates pre-eclampsia by inducing enrichment of Bifidobacterium bifidum through vanillic acid to inhibit placental ferroptosis. J. Ethnopharmacol. 340, 119217 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"1784_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120429","volume":"353","author":"S Wazib","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wazib, S., Ambardar, Y., Gautam, S., Quasimi, H. & Alam, M. I. Asparagus racemosus (Willd.) mitigates systemic inflammation and restores angiogenic balance in L-NAME induced pre-eclampsia in experimental animals. J. Ethnopharmacol. 353, 120429 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"1784_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2025.07.004","volume":"168","author":"L Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang, L. et al. Astragalus ameliorates oxidative stress in rat models of preeclampsia through the Nrf2\/Keap1\/NQO1 pathway. Placenta 168, 232\u2013239 (2025).","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"1784_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Binder, N. K. et al. Pre-clinical investigation of cardioprotective beta-blockers as a therapeutic strategy for Preeclampsia. J. Clin. Med. 10 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10153384 (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10153384"},{"key":"1784_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25003","volume":"82","author":"S Lianski","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lianski, S. et al. Antiferroptotic Drugs Reduce sFlt-1 Release and Placenta Damage in Preeclampsia. Hypertension 82, 1705\u20131718 (2025).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1784_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12952","volume":"38","author":"R Reddy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Reddy, R. et al. Hesperidin improves physiological outcomes in an arginine vasopressin rat model of pre-eclampsia. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 38, 341\u2013350 (2024).","journal-title":"Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"1784_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3897\/pharmacia.71.e122471","volume":"71","author":"Y Anggraini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Anggraini, Y., Soetrisno, S., Wasita, B. & Cilmiaty, R. Effects of olive leaf extract and nifedipine, alone and in combination, on blood pressure, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, malondialdehyde, and creatinine levels in an N\u03c9-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced rat model of preeclampsia. Pharmacia 71, 1\u201311 (2024).","journal-title":"Pharmacia"},{"key":"1784_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5074","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15931","volume":"179","author":"M Broekhuizen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Broekhuizen, M. et al. Pentoxifylline as a therapeutic option for pre-eclampsia: a study on its placental effects. Br. J. Pharm. 179, 5074\u20135088 (2022).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharm."},{"key":"1784_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002932","volume":"39","author":"A Issotina Zibrila","year":"2021","unstructured":"Issotina Zibrila, A. et al. Pyridostigmine ameliorates preeclamptic features in pregnant rats by inhibiting tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 synthetsis and antagonizing tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1-related effects. J. Hypertens. 39, 1774\u20131789 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"1784_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-021-00743-8","volume":"29","author":"H Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, H., Li, M., Chen, P. & Shi, X. Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone in L-NAME-Induced Preeclampsia-Like Rat Model. Reprod. Sci. 29, 578\u2013585 (2022).","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"1784_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12300","volume":"73","author":"R Hastie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hastie, R. et al. EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) Signaling and the Mitochondria Regulate sFlt-1 (Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1) Secretion. Hypertension 73, 659\u2013670 (2019).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1784_CR60","unstructured":"TGA. Product information for AusPAR Gefitinib AstraZeneca Pty Ltd, <https:\/\/www.tga.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/auspar-gefitinib-100629-pi.pdf> (2010)."},{"key":"1784_CR61","unstructured":"FDA. Gefitinib https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2018\/206995s003lbl.pdf (2015)."},{"key":"1784_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101814","volume":"38","author":"J Saif","year":"2021","unstructured":"Saif, J. et al. Hydrogen sulfide releasing molecule MZe786 inhibits soluble Flt-1 and prevents preeclampsia in a refined RUPP mouse model. Redox Biol. 38, 101814 (2021).","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"1784_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101768","volume":"38","author":"H Rezai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rezai, H. et al. MZe786, a hydrogen sulfide-releasing aspirin prevents preeclampsia in heme oxygenase-1 haplodeficient pregnancy under high soluble flt-1 environment. Redox Biol. 38, 101768 (2021).","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"1784_CR64","unstructured":"UNITAID. Commodity and service delivery innovations for detection and management of pre-eclampsia: Landscape report. (Geneva: UNITAID, 2024)."},{"key":"1784_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-019-0387-3","volume":"43","author":"Q Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang, Q. et al. Cyclosporin A ameliorates eclampsia seizure through reducing systemic inflammation in an eclampsia-like rat model. Hypertens. Res. 43, 263\u2013270 (2020).","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"1784_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13368","volume":"75","author":"AC Eddy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eddy, A. C. et al. Biopolymer-Delivered, Maternally Sequestered NF-\u03baB (Nuclear Factor-\u03baB) Inhibitory Peptide for Treatment of Preeclampsia. Hypertension 75, 193\u2013201 (2020).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1784_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.108001","volume":"99","author":"X Liang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liang, X., Liu, Y., Chen, L. & Chen, S. The natural compound puerarin alleviates inflammation and apoptosis in experimental cell and rat preeclampsia models. Int. Immunopharmacol. 99, 108001 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"1784_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5025","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14235025","volume":"14","author":"L Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang, L. et al. Puerariae lobatae Radix alleviates pre-eclampsia by remodeling gut microbiota and protecting the gut and placental barriers. Nutrients 14, 5025 (2022).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1784_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2018.05.008","volume":"137","author":"H Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang, H. et al. Mangiferin alleviates hypertension induced by hyperuricemia via increasing nitric oxide releases. J. Pharm. Sci. 137, 154\u2013161 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"1784_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-020-01220-7","volume":"43","author":"J Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang, J. et al. Mangiferin ameliorates placental oxidative stress and activates PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway in mouse model of preeclampsia. Arch. Pharm. Res 43, 233\u2013241 (2020).","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res"},{"key":"1784_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06783","volume":"67","author":"FT Spradley","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spradley, F. T. et al. Placental Growth Factor Administration Abolishes Placental Ischemia-Induced Hypertension. Hypertension 67, 740\u2013747 (2016).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1784_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07286","volume":"67","author":"A Makris","year":"2016","unstructured":"Makris, A. et al. Placental growth factor reduces blood pressure in a uteroplacental ischemia model of preeclampsia in nonhuman primates. Hypertension 67, 1263\u20131272 (2016).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1784_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15338","volume":"76","author":"E Lecarpentier","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lecarpentier, E. et al. Total versus free placental growth factor levels in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Hypertension 76, 875\u2013883 (2020).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1784_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422419000301","volume":"33","author":"I Borodina","year":"2020","unstructured":"Borodina, I. et al. The biology of ergothioneine, an antioxidant nutraceutical. Nutr. Res Rev. 33, 190\u2013217 (2020).","journal-title":"Nutr. Res Rev."},{"key":"1784_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13929","volume":"75","author":"RD Williamson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williamson, R. D. et al. L-(+)-Ergothioneine significantly improves the clinical characteristics of preeclampsia in the reduced uterine perfusion pressure rat model. Hypertension 75, 561\u2013568 (2020).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1784_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2009.125","volume":"22","author":"JH Tinsley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tinsley, J. H., Chiasson, V. L., South, S., Mahajan, A. & Mitchell, B. M. Immunosuppression improves blood pressure and endothelial function in a rat model of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 22, 1107\u20131114 (2009).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"1784_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.120881","volume":"52","author":"B LaMarca","year":"2008","unstructured":"LaMarca, B. et al. Hypertension in response to chronic reductions in uterine perfusion in pregnant rats: effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade. Hypertension 52, 1161\u20131167 (2008).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1784_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1080\/10641955.2020.1793999","volume":"39","author":"MW Cunningham","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cunningham, M. W. et al. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) blockade improves natural killer cell (NK) activation, hypertension, and mitochondrial oxidative stress in a preclinical rat model of preeclampsia. Hypertens. Pregnancy 39, 399\u2013404 (2020).","journal-title":"Hypertens. Pregnancy"},{"key":"1784_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11456","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2022.2066753","volume":"13","author":"Y Yue","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yue, Y., Xu, F., Zhang, J., Zhao, M. & Zhou, F. Sufentanil alleviates pre-eclampsia via silencing microRNA-24-3p to target 11\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Bioengineered 13, 11456\u201311470 (2022).","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"key":"1784_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-019-01697-0","volume":"392","author":"GP Zochio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zochio, G. P., Possomato-Vieira, J. S., Chimini, J. S., da Silva, M. L. S. & Dias-Junior, C. A. Effects of fast versus slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide donors in hypertension in pregnancy and fetoplacental growth restriction. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharm. 392, 1561\u20131568 (2019).","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharm."},{"key":"1784_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2514","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001631","volume":"127","author":"K Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, K. et al. Dysregulation of hydrogen sulfide producing enzyme cystathionine \u03b3-lyase contributes to maternal hypertension and placental abnormalities in preeclampsia. Circulation 127, 2514\u20132522 (2013).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1784_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2017.07.360","volume":"58","author":"J Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu, J., Jia, J., Guo, X., Chen, R. & Feng, L. Modulating circulating sFlt1 in an animal model of preeclampsia using PAMAM nanoparticles for siRNA delivery. Placenta 58, 1\u20138 (2017).","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"1784_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00064","volume":"8","author":"L Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, L. et al. Trophoblast-Targeted Nanomedicine Modulates Placental sFLT1 for Preeclampsia Treatment. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 8, 64 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"1784_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050022","volume":"5","author":"NM Fisk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fisk, N. M. & Atun, R. Market failure and the poverty of new drugs in maternal health. PLoS Med. 5, e22 (2008).","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"1784_CR85","unstructured":"A Phase 2, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Adaptive, Parallel Group Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of RMC-035 in Subjects at High Risk for Acute Kidney Injury Following Open-Chest Cardiac Surgery, https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT05126303 (2021)."},{"key":"1784_CR86","unstructured":"Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Proof of Concept Study to Evaluate the Efficacy on Cervical Ripening, Safety, Tolerability and Dose Response of SC Administered Tafoxiparin in Term Pregnant, Nulliparous Women With an Unripe Cervix Undergoing Labor Induction, https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT04000438 (2019)."},{"key":"1784_CR87","first-page":"393","volume":"51","author":"M Hanisch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hanisch, M. & Rake, B. Repurposing without purpose? Early innovation responses to the COVID-19 crisis: Evidence from clinical trials. RD Manag. 51, 393\u2013409 (2021).","journal-title":"RD Manag."},{"key":"1784_CR88","unstructured":"(ANZCTR), A. N. Z. C. T. R. A study to investigate the safety, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of CBP-4888 in hospitalized participants with preterm preeclampsia and the safety and tolerability of CBP-4888 on their children, https:\/\/anzctr.org.au\/Trial\/Registration\/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12625001324404 (2025)."},{"key":"1784_CR89","unstructured":"PACTR. DM199 for Pregnancy Complications, https:\/\/pactr.samrc.ac.za (2025)."},{"key":"1784_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.02.002","volume":"12","author":"D Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun, D., Gao, W., Hu, H. & Zhou, S. Why 90% of clinical drug development fails and how to improve it?. Acta Pharm. Sin. B 12, 3049\u20133062 (2022).","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"1784_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41231-019-0050-7","volume":"4","author":"AA Seyhan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seyhan, A. A. Lost in translation: the valley of death across preclinical and clinical divide \u2013 identification of problems and overcoming obstacles. Transl. Med. Commun. 4, 18 (2019).","journal-title":"Transl. Med. Commun."},{"key":"1784_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004405","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004405","volume":"21","author":"M Shankar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shankar, M. et al. Factors influencing the participation of pregnant and lactating women in clinical trials: A mixed-methods systematic review. PLOS Med. 21, e1004405 (2024).","journal-title":"PLOS Med."},{"key":"1784_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2013.813019","volume":"14","author":"LM Webster","year":"2013","unstructured":"Webster, L. M. & Shennan, A. H. The challenges of licensing drugs for use in pregnancy. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 14, 1707\u20131710 (2013).","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"1784_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.034793","volume":"124","author":"R Thadhani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thadhani, R. et al. Pilot study of extracorporeal removal of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 in preeclampsia. Circulation 124, 940\u2013950 (2011).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1784_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015020157","volume":"27","author":"R Thadhani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thadhani, R. et al. Removal of Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 by Dextran Sulfate Apheresis in Preeclampsia. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 27, 903\u2013913 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"1784_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.09.014","volume":"226","author":"S Tong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tong, S. et al. Pravastatin, proton-pump inhibitors, metformin, micronutrients, and biologics: new horizons for the prevention or treatment of preeclampsia. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 226, S1157\u2013S1170 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"1784_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l2381","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l2381","volume":"366","author":"GJ Burton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Burton, G. J., Redman, C. W., Roberts, J. M. & Moffett, A. Pre-eclampsia: pathophysiology and clinical implications. BMJ 366, l2381 (2019).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1784_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2019.07.004","volume":"134-135","author":"AC Staff","year":"2019","unstructured":"Staff, A. C. The two-stage placental model of preeclampsia: An update. J. Reprod. Immunol. 134-135, 1\u201310 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"1784_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2021.12.003","volume":"27","author":"S Verlohren","year":"2022","unstructured":"Verlohren, S. et al. Clinical interpretation and implementation of the sFlt-1\/PlGF ratio in the prediction, diagnosis and management of preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 27, 42\u201350 (2022).","journal-title":"Pregnancy Hypertens."},{"key":"1784_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa031884","volume":"350","author":"J Levine Richard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Levine Richard, J. et al. Circulating Angiogenic Factors and the Risk of Preeclampsia. N. Engl. J. Med. 350, 672\u2013683 (2004).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"1784_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.09.046","volume":"226","author":"S Verlohren","year":"2022","unstructured":"Verlohren, S. & Dr\u00f6ge, L. A. The diagnostic value of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors in differential diagnosis of preeclampsia. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 226, S1048\u2013s1058 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"1784_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2019.7891","volume":"34","author":"Y Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang, Y. et al. The potent antioxidant MitoQ protects against preeclampsia during late gestation but increases the risk of preeclampsia when administered in early pregnancy. Antioxid. Redox Signal 34, 118\u2013136 (2021).","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal"},{"key":"1784_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.10.025","volume":"226","author":"BA Bakrania","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bakrania, B. A., George, E. M. & Granger, J. P. Animal models of preeclampsia: investigating pathophysiology and therapeutic targets. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 226, S973\u2013s987 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"1784_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Harrison, A. M. & Bailey-Hytholt, C. M. Recent progress in 2D, 3D, and on-a-chip models of the placenta. Cells Tissues Organs, 1\u201350 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000547560 (2025).","DOI":"10.1159\/000547560"},{"key":"1784_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100018","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.123.001383","volume":"53","author":"O Amaeze","year":"2025","unstructured":"Amaeze, O., Isoherranen, N. & Shum, S. The absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination characteristics of small interfering RNA therapeutics and the opportunity to predict disposition in pregnant women. Drug Metab. Dispos. 53, 100018 (2025).","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"1784_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1174","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00144-X","volume":"12","author":"A Ammerdorffer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ammerdorffer, A. et al. The drug drought in maternal health: an ongoing predicament.  Lancet Glob. Health 12, e1174\u2013e1183 (2024).","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"1784_CR107","unstructured":"Biotech, S. Beech Biotech awarded 1.9 million grant to advance novel therapeutic approach for preeclampsia toward clinical development. https:\/\/www.swissbiotech.org\/news\/beech-biotech-awarded-1-9-million-grant-to-advance-novel-therapeutic-approach-for-preeclampsia-toward-clinical-development\/ (2025)."},{"key":"1784_CR108","unstructured":"https:\/\/adisinsight.springer.com\/trials\/700286479 (2019). AdisInsight. A phase I study of RMC-035 to evaluate safety in healthy volunteers."},{"key":"1784_CR109","unstructured":"Therapeutics, A. Preeclampsia and sFlt1. https:\/\/avilar-tx.com\/pipeline-programs\/preeclampsia-and-sflt1\/ (2026)."},{"key":"1784_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12379","volume":"78","author":"TR Everett","year":"2014","unstructured":"Everett, T. R. et al. S-Nitrosoglutathione improves haemodynamics in early-onset pre-eclampsia. Br. J. Clin. Pharm. 78, 660\u2013669 (2014).","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"1784_CR111","unstructured":"AdisInsight. An Exploratory, Open label, Randomized, Parallel-Group, Pilot Study to evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of daily, subcutaneous tafoxiparin treatment from the time of diagnosis for up to 4 weeks, in pregnant women who are diagnosed with pre-eclampsia between the 26th and 32nd weeks of gestation. https:\/\/adisinsight.springer.com\/trials\/700342100 (2025)."}],"container-title":["Communications Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-026-01784-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-026-01784-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-026-01784-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T02:03:34Z","timestamp":1793844214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43856-026-01784-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43856-026-01784-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-664X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-664X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}],"article-number":"576"}}