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FIPV-II infects felids using cat aminopeptidase N (cAPN) as its cell-entry receptor, but the molecular details remain unclear. Here, we resolved cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the spike (S) trimer of a representative FIPV-II strain 79-1146 (FIPV-1146), and of its complex with cAPN. The reconstructions reveal structural transitions of the S protein between the \u201cstanding\u201d and \u201clying\u201d receptor-binding domain (RBD) conformation upon complex formation with cAPN in its open conformation. Structural and mutational analyses revealed that the cAPN residues R378, D751 and R779, as well as the N748-linked glycan are essential for high-affinity RBD engagement. Cross-species analysis demonstrated narrow tropism of FIPV-1146, limited to felids and canids. Introducing the N595K and Q596R substitutions found in transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) into the FIPV-1146 RBD expands its binding capacity to APNs from pig, bovine, horse and giant panda. These findings provide insights into the entry mechanism and zoonotic constraints of FIPV-II, with potential relevance for antiviral strategies against coronaviruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s44318-026-00849-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:35:06Z","timestamp":1783510506000},"page":"5537-5555","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Structure and receptor recognition of type-II feline infectious peritonitis virus spike glycoprotein"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7090-9346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng","family":"Niu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5983-4099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongzhi","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziqian","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhimin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianle","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7114-762X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wentao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3768-0401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qihui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6018-5180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-xia","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4709-2027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junqing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3869-615X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George Fu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"849_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909052925","volume":"66","author":"PD Adams","year":"2010","unstructured":"Adams PD, Afonine PV, Bunkoczi G, Chen VB, Davis IW, Echols N, Headd JJ, Hung LW, Kapral GJ, Grosse-Kunstleve RW et al (2010) PHENIX: a comprehensive Python-based system for macromolecular structure solution. 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