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ER-phagy, a selective autophagy targeting ER, plays an important role in maintaining ER morphology and function. The FAM134 protein family, including FAM134A, FAM134B, and FAM134C, mediates ER-phagy. While FAM134B mutations are linked to hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy in humans, the physiological role of the other FAM134 proteins remains unknown. To address this, we investigate the roles of FAM134 proteins using single and combined knockouts (KOs) in mice. Single KOs in young mice show no major phenotypes; however, combined\n                    <jats:italic>Fam134b<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Fam134c<\/jats:italic>\n                    deletion (\n                    <jats:italic>Fam134b\/c<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>dKO<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:italic>)<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but not the combination including\n                    <jats:italic>Fam134a<\/jats:italic>\n                    deletion, leads to rapid neuromuscular and somatosensory degeneration, resulting in premature death.\n                    <jats:italic>Fam134b\/c<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>dKO<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    mice show rapid loss of motor and sensory axons in the peripheral nervous system. Long axons from\n                    <jats:italic>Fam134b\/c<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>dKO<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    mice exhibit expanded tubular ER with a transverse ladder-like appearance, whereas no obvious abnormalities are present in cortical ER. Our study unveils the critical roles of FAM134C and FAM134B in the formation of tubular ER network in axons of both motor and sensory neurons.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s44319-024-00213-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T12:05:44Z","timestamp":1721649944000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Fam134c and Fam134b shape axonal endoplasmic reticulum architecture in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8855-1848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francescopaolo","family":"Iavarone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6009-0901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Zaninello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3284-9944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9637-7174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariagrazia","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7744-4940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Gaedke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Pizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8659-5268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgia","family":"Di Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1819-6083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Desiderio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Sommella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Merciai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Salviati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Campiglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livio","family":"Luongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0220-2864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvira","family":"De Leonibus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5782-1067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Rugarli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5829-8589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmine","family":"Settembre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"213_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4273","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI65665","volume":"123","author":"C Beetz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Beetz C, Koch N, Khundadze M, Zimmer G, Nietzsche S, Hertel N, Huebner AK, Mumtaz R, Schweizer M, Dirren E et al (2013) A spastic paraplegia mouse model reveals REEP1-dependent ER shaping. 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