{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T09:49:42Z","timestamp":1769161782228,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,1]],"date-time":"1996-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":820454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spinal Cord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,1]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/sc.1996.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,8]],"date-time":"2011-04-08T00:40:22Z","timestamp":1302223222000},"page":"8-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Swing-through gait with free-knees produced by surface functional electrical stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"B W","family":"Heller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M H","family":"Granat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B J","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFsc19962_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769050-00014","volume":"5","author":"EB Marsolais","year":"1987","unstructured":"Marsolais E B, Kobetic R . Functional electrical stimulation for walking in paraplegia. J Bone and Joint Surg 1987; 5: 728\u2013733.","journal-title":"J Bone and Joint Surg"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR2","first-page":"3","volume":"20","author":"A Kralj","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kralj A, Bajd T, Turk R, Krajnik J, Benko H . Gait restoration in paraplegic patients: a feasibility demonstration using multichannel channel surface electrode FES. J Rehab Res Develop 1983; 20: 3\u201320.","journal-title":"J Rehab Res Develop"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR3","volume-title":"Functional Electrical Stimulation : Standing and Walking after Spinal Cord Injury.","author":"A Kralj","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kralj A, Bajd T . Functional Electrical Stimulation : Standing and Walking after Spinal Cord Injury. 1989; CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, USA."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR4","first-page":"243","volume":"69","author":"EB Marsolais","year":"1988","unstructured":"Marsolais E B, Edwards B G . Energy costs of walking and standing with functional electrical stimulation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1988; 69: 243\u2013249.","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR5","first-page":"995","volume":"1","author":"T Bajd","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bajd T, Kralj A . Four point walking patterns and paralysed persons. Basic and Appl Myology 1991; 1: 995\u20131000.","journal-title":"Basic and Appl Myology"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR6","volume-title":"Tetraplegia and Paraplegia: a Guide for Physiotherapists","author":"I Bromley","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bromley I . Tetraplegia and Paraplegia: a Guide for Physiotherapists (3rd edition). 1985; Churchill Livingston; Edinburgh."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR7","first-page":"804","volume":"44","author":"TF Childs","year":"1964","unstructured":"Childs T F . An analysis of the swingt-hrough clutch gait. J Am Phys Therapy Assoc 1964; 44: 804\u2013807.","journal-title":"J Am Phys Therapy Assoc"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR8","first-page":"428","volume":"16","author":"GS Blindley","year":"1979","unstructured":"Blindley G S, Polkey C E, Rushton D N . Electrical splinting of the knee in paraplegia. Paraplegia 1979; 16: 428\u2013435.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19840701-09","volume":"7","author":"J Holle","year":"1984","unstructured":"Holle J, Frey M, Gruber H, Kern H, St\u00f6hr H, Thoma H . Functional electrostimulation of paraplegics - experimental investigations and first clinical experience with an implantable stimulation device. Orthopaedics 1984; 7: 1145\u20131160.","journal-title":"Orthopaedics"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(79)90077-0","volume":"12","author":"RP Wells","year":"1979","unstructured":"Wells R P . The kinematics and energy variations of swing-through crutch gait. J Biomech 1979; 12: 579\u2013585.","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR11","unstructured":"Kralj A, Bajd T, Kvesic Z, Turk R . Electrical stimulation in incomplete paraplegic patients. Proceedings of} The Fourth RESNA Annual Conference, 1981; pp 226."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR12","unstructured":"Phillips G I F, Zhang L D, Barrett A W, Mayagoitia R, Andrews B J . The Strathclyde research stimulator for surface FES. Proceedings of The Third Vienna International Workshop on Functional Electrostimulation. Baden-Baden: Vienna, September 1989."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR13","volume-title":"Strathclyde Research Stimulator Users'Manual","author":"GF Phillips","year":"1989","unstructured":"Phillips G F . Strathclyde Research Stimulator Users'Manual. 1989; Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR14","first-page":"pp 299","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Third Vienna International Workshop on Functional Electrostimulation.","author":"D Rudel","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rudel D, Bajd T, Gregoric M, Benko H, Sega J, Klemen A . Flexion response elicited in spinal cord injured persons' lower extremities. Proceedings of the Third Vienna International Workshop on Functional Electrostimulation. Vienna, September 1989. pp 299\u2013302."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(93)90093-E","volume":"15","author":"MH Granat","year":"1993","unstructured":"Granat M H, Heller B W, Nicol D J, Baxendale R H, Andrews B J . Improving limb flexion in FES gait using the flexion withdrawal response for the spinal cord injured person. J Biomed Eng 1993; 15: 51\u201356.","journal-title":"J Biomed Eng"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(74)90065-7","volume":"7","author":"TE Shoup","year":"1974","unstructured":"Shoup T E, Fletcher L S and Merril B R . Biomechanics of crutch locomotion. J Biomech 1974; 7: 11\u201319.","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR17","unstructured":"Marsala's B E, Kobetic R . Design considerations for a practical functional electrical stimulation system for restoring gait in the paralysed person. Supplement to proceedings of the Third Vienna International Workshop on Functional Electrostimulation. Vienna, September 1989."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR18","first-page":"pp 319","volume-title":"Proceeding of RESNA 9th Annual Conference","author":"J Symons","year":"1986","unstructured":"Symons J, McNeal D R, Waters R L and Perry J . Trigger switches for implantable gait stimulation. Proceeding of RESNA 9th Annual Conference, Minneapolis: Minnesota 1986; pp 319\u2013321."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR19","first-page":"pp 55","volume-title":"Proceedings (supplement) Advances in External Control of Human Extremities VIII","author":"BJ Andrews","year":"1984","unstructured":"Andrews B J, Bajd T . Hybrid orthoses for paraplegics. Proceedings (supplement) Advances in External Control of Human Extremities VIII. Dubrovnik 1984; pp 55\u201359."},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(88)90099-4","volume":"10","author":"BJ Andrews","year":"1988","unstructured":"Andrews B J, Baxendale R H, Barnett R W, Phillips G F, Yamazaki T, Paul J P and Freeman P A . Hybrid FES orthosis incorporating closed-loop control and sensory feedback. J Biomed Eng 1988; 10: 189\u2013195.","journal-title":"J Biomed Eng"},{"key":"BFsc19962_CR21","first-page":"1","volume":"25","author":"JS Rovick","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rovick J S, Childress D S . Pendular model of paraplegic swingthrough crutch ambulation. J Rehab Res Develop 1988; 25: 1\u201316.","journal-title":"J Rehab Res Develop"}],"container-title":["Spinal Cord"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc19962.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc19962","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc19962.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T22:13:56Z","timestamp":1684620836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc19962"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsc19962"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sc.1996.2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1362-4393","1476-5624"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1362-4393","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5624","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,1]]}}}