{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:48:39Z","timestamp":1788515319450,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,9]],"date-time":"2010-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1268092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spinal Cord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2010.14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,9]],"date-time":"2010-03-09T05:23:34Z","timestamp":1268112214000},"page":"718-733","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":186,"title":["Neurogenic bowel management after spinal cord injury: a systematic review of the evidence"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"48","author":[{"name":"the SCIRE Research Team","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Krassioukov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J J","family":"Eng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Claxton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B M","family":"Sakakibara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Shum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsc201014_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101119","volume":"39","author":"AC Lynch","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lynch AC, Antony A, Dobbs BR, Frizelle FA . Bowel dysfunction following spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2001; 39: 193\u2013203.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.137","volume":"47","author":"M Coggrave","year":"2009","unstructured":"Coggrave M, Norton C, Wilson-Barnett J . Management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction in the community after spinal cord injury: a postal survey in the United Kingdom. Spinal Cord 2009; 47: 323\u2013330.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR3","first-page":"1114","volume":"85","author":"JM Stone","year":"1990","unstructured":"Stone JM, Nino-Marcia M, Wolfe VA, Perkash I . Chronic gastrointestinal problems in spinal cord injury patients: a prospective analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 1990a; 85: 1114\u20131119.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100616","volume":"36","author":"TR Han","year":"1998","unstructured":"Han TR, Kim JH, Kwon BS . Chronic gastrointestinal problems and bowel dysfunction in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 1998; 36: 485\u2013490.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91487-7","volume":"347","author":"S Glickman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Glickman S, Kamm MA . Bowel dysfunction in spinal-cord-injury patients. Lancet 1996; 347: 1651\u20131653.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2004.21.1371","volume":"21","author":"KD Anderson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anderson KD . Targeting recovery: priorities of the spinal cord-injured population. J Neurotrauma 2004; 21: 1371\u20131383.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90416-0","volume":"78","author":"SA Stiens","year":"1997","unstructured":"Stiens SA, Bergman SB, Goetz LL . Neurogenic bowel dysfunction after spinal cord injury: clinical evaluation and rehabilitative management. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 78: S86\u2013S102.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR8","first-page":"15","volume":"51","author":"AK Singal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Singal AK, Rosman AS, Bauman WA, Korsten MA . Recent concepts in the management of bowel probles after spinal cord injury. Adv Med Sci 2006; 51: 15\u201322.","journal-title":"Adv Med Sci"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181a873f3","volume":"52","author":"M Valles","year":"2009","unstructured":"Valles M, Mearin F . Pathophysiology of bowel dysfunction in patients with motor incomplete spinal cord injury: comparison with patients with motor complete spinal cord injury. Dis Colon Rectum 2009; 52: 1589\u20131597.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR10","unstructured":"Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine. Neurogenic Bowel Management in Adults with Spinal Cord Injury. In Clinical Practice Guidelines. Paralyzed Veterans of America, Washington, DC, 1998."},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR11","unstructured":"SCIRE Team. SCIRE: Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Evidence 2006; Available at: \n                    http:\/\/www.icord.org\/scire\/\n                    \n                  ."},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60281-6","volume":"48","author":"AM Moseley","year":"2002","unstructured":"Moseley AM, Herbert RD, Sherrington C, Maher CG . Evidence for physiotherapy practice: a survey of the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). Aust J Physiother 2002; 48: 43\u201349.","journal-title":"Aust J Physiother"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR13","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"NC Foley","year":"2003","unstructured":"Foley NC, Teasell RW, Bhogal SK, Speechley MR . Stroke rehabilitation evidence-based review: methodology. Top Stroke Rehabil 2003; 10: 1\u20137.","journal-title":"Top Stroke Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1310\/sci1301-1","volume":"13","author":"JJ Eng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eng JJ, Teasell RW, Miller WC, Wolfe DL, Townson AF, Aubut JA et al. Spinal cord injury rehabilitation evidence: method of the SCIRE systematic review. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2007; 13: 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR15","volume-title":"Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM","author":"DL Sackett","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sackett DL, Strauss SE, Richardson WS, Rosenberg W, Haynes RB . Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh, 2000."},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100355","volume":"35","author":"D Badiali","year":"1997","unstructured":"Badiali D, Bracci F, Castellano V, Corazziari E, Fuoco U, Habib FI et al. Sequential treatment of chronic constipation in paraplegic subjects. Spinal Cord 1997; 35: 116\u2013120.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100851","volume":"38","author":"GI Correa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Correa GI, Rotter KP . Clinical evaluation and management of neurogenic bowel after spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2000; 38: 301\u2013308.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2006.15.20.22295","volume":"15","author":"M Coggrave","year":"2006","unstructured":"Coggrave M, Burrows D, Durand MA . Progressive protocol in the bowel management of spinal cord injuries. Br J Nurs 2006; 15: 1108\u20131113.","journal-title":"Br J Nurs"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90128-3","volume":"78","author":"JG House","year":"1997","unstructured":"House JG, Stiens SA . Pharmacologically initiated defecation for persons with spinal cord injury: effectiveness of three agents. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 78: 1062\u20131065.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2048-7940.1994.tb01336.x","volume":"19","author":"KL Dunn","year":"1994","unstructured":"Dunn KL, Galka ML . A comparison of the effectiveness of Therevac SB and bisacodyl suppositories in SCI patients\u2019 bowel programs. Rehabil Nurs 1994; 19: 334\u2013338.","journal-title":"Rehabil Nurs"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.1997.11719473","volume":"20","author":"JH Frisbie","year":"1997","unstructured":"Frisbie JH . Improved bowel care with a polyethylene glycol based bisacadyl suppository. J Spinal Cord Med 1997; 20: 227\u2013229.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100702","volume":"36","author":"SA Stiens","year":"1998","unstructured":"Stiens SA, Luttrel W, Binard JE . Polyethylene glycol versus vegetable oil based bisacodyl suppositories to initiate side-lying bowel care: a clinical trial in persons with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 1998; 36: 777\u2013781.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.1998.11719506","volume":"21","author":"I Amir","year":"1998","unstructured":"Amir I, Sharma R, Bauman WA, Korsten MA . Bowel care for individuals with spinal cord injury: comparison of four approaches. J Spinal Cord Med 1998; 21: 21\u201324.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.1996.50","volume":"34","author":"KJ Cameron","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cameron KJ, Nyulasi IB, Collier GR, Brown DJ . Assessment of the effect of increased dietary fibre intake on bowel function in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 1996; 34: 277\u2013283.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2007.11753911","volume":"30","author":"M Korsten","year":"2007","unstructured":"Korsten M, Singal AK, Monga A, Chaparala G, Khan AM, Palmon R et al. Anorectal stimulation auses increased colonic motor activity in subjects with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2007; 30: 31\u201335.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1097\/01.phm.0000247649.00219.c0","volume":"85","author":"S Ayas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ayas S, Leblebici B, Sozay S, Bayramoglu M, Niron EA . The effect of abdominal massage on bowel function in patients with spinal cord injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 85: 951\u2013955.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR27","first-page":"74","volume":"18","author":"H Hoenig","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hoenig H, Murphy T, Galbraith J, Zolkewitz M . Case study to evaluate a standing table for managing constipation. Sci Nurs 2001; 18: 74\u201377.","journal-title":"Sci Nurs"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e3180320edf","volume":"86","author":"K Uchikawa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Uchikawa K, Takahashi H, Deguchi G, Liu M . A washing toilet seat with a CCD camera monitor to stimulate bowel movement in patients with spinal cord injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 86: 200\u2013204.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100491","volume":"35","author":"TA Puet","year":"1997","unstructured":"Puet TA, Jackson H, Amy S . Use of pulsed irrigation evacuation in the management of the neuropathic bowel. Spinal Cord 1997; 35: 694\u2013699.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.06.004","volume":"131","author":"P Christensen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Christensen P, Bazzocchi G, Coggrave M, Abel R, Hultling C, Krogh K et al. A randomized, controlled trial of transanal irrigation versus conservative bowel management in spinal cord-injured patients. Gastroenterology 2006; 131: 738\u2013747.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2008.11754571","volume":"31","author":"P Christensen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Christensen P, Bazzocchi G, Coggrave M, Abel R, Hulting C, Krogh K et al. Outcome of transanal irrigation for bowel dysfunction in patients with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2008; 31: 560\u2013567.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3102167","volume":"46","author":"G Del Popolo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Del Popolo G, Mosiello G, Pilati C, Lamartina M, Battaglino F, Buffa P et al. Treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction using transanal irrigation: a multicenter Italian study. Spinal Cord 2008; 46: 517\u2013522.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.159","volume":"47","author":"PM Faaborg","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faaborg PM, Christensen P, Kvitsau B, Buntzen S, Laurberg S, Krogh K . Long-term outcome and safety of transanal colonic irrigation for neurogenic bowel dysfunction. Spinal Cord 2009; 47: 545\u2013549.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100991","volume":"38","author":"P Christensen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Christensen P, Kvitzau B, Krogh K, Buntzen S, Laurberg S . Neurogenic colorectal dysfunction\u2014use of new antegrade and retrograde wash-out methods. Spinal Cord 2000; 38: 255\u2013261.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2004.01.0095","volume":"41","author":"MA Korsten","year":"2004","unstructured":"Korsten MA, Fajardo NR, Rosman AS, Creasey GH, Spungen AM, Bauman WA . Difficulty with evacuation after spinal cord injury: colonic motility during sleep and effects of abdominal wall stimulation. JRRD 2004; 41: 95\u201399.","journal-title":"JRRD"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3102166","volume":"46","author":"R Hascakova-Bartova","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hascakova-Bartova R, Dinant J-F, Parent A, Ventura M . Neuromuscular electrical stimulation of completely paralyzed abdominal muscles in spinal cord-injured patients: a pilot study. Spinal Cord 2008; 46: 445\u2013450.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18215","volume":"82","author":"VW Lin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lin VW, Nino-Murcia M, Frost F, Wolfe V, Hsiao I, Perkash I . Functional magnetic stimulation of the colon in persons with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 82: 167\u2013173.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.32644","volume":"83","author":"VW Lin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lin VW, Kim KH, Hsiao I, Brown W . Functional magnetic stimulation facilitates gastric emptying. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 83: 806\u2013810.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-007-0340-3","volume":"11","author":"BB Mentes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mentes BB, Yuksel O, Aydin A, Tezcaner T, Leventoglu A, Aytac B . Posterior tibial nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence after partial spinal injury: preliminary report. Tech Coloproctol 2007; 11: 115\u2013119.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0280","volume":"41","author":"P-Y Tsai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tsai P-Y, Wang C-P, Chiu F-Y, Tsai Y-A, Chang Y-C, Chuang T-Y . Efficacy of functional magnectic stimulation in neurogenic bowel dysfunction after spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Med 2009; 41: 41\u201347.","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR41","first-page":"1614","volume":"87","author":"SK Rajendran","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rajendran SK, Reiser JR, Bauman W, Zhang RL, Gordon SK, Korsten MA . Gastrointestinal transit after spinal cord injury: effect of cisapride. Am J Gastroenterol 1992; 87: 1614\u20131617.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR42","first-page":"285","volume":"90","author":"JM Geders","year":"1995","unstructured":"Geders JM, Gaing A, Bauman WA, Korsten MA . The effect of cisapride on segmental colonic transit time in patients with spinal cord injury. Am J Gastroenterol 1995; 90: 285\u2013289.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR43","first-page":"1013","volume":"4","author":"PSM De Both","year":"1992","unstructured":"De Both PSM, de Groot GH, Slootman HR . Effects of cisapride on constipation in paraplegic patients: a placebo-controlled randomized double-blind cross-over study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1992; 4: 1013\u20131017.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1080\/003655202317316060","volume":"37","author":"K Krogh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krogh K, Jensen MB, Gandrup P, Laurberg S, Nilsson J, Kerstens R et al. Efficacy and tolerability of prucalopride in patients with constipation due to spinal cord injury. Scand J Gastroenterol 2002; 37: 431\u2013436.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR45","first-page":"1143","volume":"82","author":"JL Segal","year":"1987","unstructured":"Segal JL, Milne N, Brunnemann SR, Lyons KP . Metoclopramide-induced normalization of impaired gastric emptying in spinal cord injury. Am J Gastroenterol 1987; 82: 1143\u20131148.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.41587.x","volume":"100","author":"MA Korsten","year":"2005","unstructured":"Korsten MA, Rosman AS, Ng A, Cavusoglu E, Spungen AM, Radulovic M et al. Infusion of neostigmine-glycopyrrolate for bowel evacuation in persons with spinal cord injury. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100: 1560\u20131565.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2710","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-008-0216-z","volume":"53","author":"AS Rosman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rosman AS, Chaparala G, Monga A, Spungen AM, Bauman WA, Korsten MA . Intramuscular neostigmine and glycopyrrolate safely accelerated bowel evacuation in patients with spinal cord injury and defecatory disorders. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53: 2710\u20132713.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101947","volume":"45","author":"DD Cardenas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cardenas DD, Ditunno J, Graziani V, Jackson AB, Lammertse D, Potter P et al. Phase 2 trial of sustained-release fampridine in chronic spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2007; 45: 158\u2013168.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR49","first-page":"151","volume":"26","author":"NR Binnie","year":"1988","unstructured":"Binnie NR, Creasey GH, Edmond P, Smith AN . The action of cisapride on the chronic constipation of paraplegia. Paraplegia 1988; 26: 151\u2013158.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.1995.11719403","volume":"18","author":"WE Longo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Longo WE, Woolsey RM, Vernava AM, Virgo KS, McKirgan L, Johnson FE . Cisapride for constipation in spinal cord injured patients: a preliminary report. J Spinal Cord Med 1995; 18: 240\u2013244.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR51","first-page":"463","volume":"29","author":"NR Binnie","year":"1991","unstructured":"Binnie NR, Smith AN, Creasey GH, Edmond P . Constipation associated with chronic spinal cord injury: the effect of pelvic parasympathetic stimulation by the Brindley stimulator. Paraplegia 1991; 29: 463\u2013469.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02056952","volume":"39","author":"YW Chia","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chia YW, Lee TKY, Kour NW, Tung KH, Tan ES . Microchip implants on the anterior sacral roots in patients with spinal trauma: does it improve bowel function? Dis Colon Rectum 1996; 39: 690\u2013694.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR53","first-page":"125","volume":"17","author":"MJ Kachourbos","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kachourbos MJ, Creasey GH . Health promotion in motion: improving quality of life for persons with neurogenic bladder and bowel using assistive technology. Sci Nurs 2000; 17: 125\u2013129.","journal-title":"Sci Nurs"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.300.6738.1494","volume":"300","author":"RP MacDonagh","year":"1990","unstructured":"MacDonagh RP, Sun WM, Smallwood R, Forster D, Read NW . Control of defecation in patients with spinal injuries by stimulation of sacral anterior nerve roots. BMJ 1990; 300: 1494\u20131497.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.6","volume":"46","author":"K Gstaltner","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gstaltner K, Rosen H, Hufgard J, Mark R, Scheri K . Sacral nerve stimulation as an option for the treatment of faecal incontinence in patients suffering from cauda equine syndrome. Spinal Cord 2008; 46: 644\u2013647.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101797","volume":"43","author":"TE Johnston","year":"2005","unstructured":"Johnston TE, Betz RR, Smith BT, Benda BJ, Mulcahey MJ, Davis R et al. Implantable FES system for upright mobility and bladder and bowel function for individuals with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2005; 43: 713\u2013723.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5499","volume":"94","author":"B Holzer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Holzer B, Rosen HR, Novi G, Ausch C, Nolbling N, Schiessel R . Sacral nerve stimulation for neurogenic faecal incontinence. Br J Surg 2007; 94: 749\u2013753.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4859","volume":"92","author":"MED Jarrett","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jarrett MED, Matzel KE, Christiansen J, Baeten CGMI, Rosen H, Bittorf B et al. Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence in patients with previous partial spinal injury including disc prolapse. Br J Surg 2005; 92: 734\u2013739.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e31819ed459","volume":"52","author":"M Valles","year":"2009","unstructured":"Valles M, Rodriguez A, Borau A, Mearin F . Effect of sacral anterior root stimulator on bowel dysfunction in patients with spinal cord injury. Dis Colon Rectum 2009; 52: 986\u2013992.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/01952307.1986.11785936","volume":"9","author":"JH Frisbie","year":"1986","unstructured":"Frisbie JH, Tun CG, Nguyen CH . Effect of enterostomy on quality of life in spinal cord injury patients. J Am Paraplegia Soc 1986; 9: 3\u20135.","journal-title":"J Am Paraplegia Soc"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR61","first-page":"514","volume":"71","author":"JM Stone","year":"1990","unstructured":"Stone JM, Wolfe VA, Nino-Murcia M, Perkash I . Colostomy as treatment for complications of spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1990b; 71: 514\u2013518.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100764","volume":"37","author":"SR Kelly","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kelly SR, Shashidharan M, Borwell B, Tromans AM, Finnis D, Grundy DJ . The role of intestinal stoma in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 1999; 37: 211\u2013214.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2002.11753619","volume":"25","author":"O Rosito","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rosito O, Nino-Murcia M, Wolfe VA, Kiratli BJ, Perkash I . The effects of colostomy on the quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury: a retrospective analysis. J Spinal Cord Med 2002; 25: 174\u2013183.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101529","volume":"41","author":"G Branagan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Branagan G, Tromans A, Finnis D . Effect of stoma formation on bowel care and quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2003; 41: 680\u2013683.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101156","volume":"39","author":"N Randell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Randell N, Lynch AC, Anthony A, Dobbs BR, Roake JA, Frizelle FA . Does a colostomy alter quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury? A controlled study. Spinal Cord 2001; 39: 279\u2013282.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2005.11753838","volume":"28","author":"SL Luther","year":"2005","unstructured":"Luther SL, Nelson AL, Harrow JJ, Chen F, Goetz LL . A comparison of patient outcomes and quality of life in persons with neurogenic bowel: standard bowel care program vs colostomy. J Spinal Cord Med 2005; 28: 387\u2013393.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR67","first-page":"2125","volume":"55","author":"J Munck","year":"2008","unstructured":"Munck J, Simoens Ch, Thill V, Smets D, Debergh N, Fievet F et al. Intestinal stoma in patients with spinal cord injury: a restrospective study of 23 patients. Hepato-Gastroenterology 2008; 55: 2125\u20132129.","journal-title":"Hepato-Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2003.07.007","volume":"186","author":"BY Safadi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Safadi BY, Rosito O, Nino-Mursia M, Wolfe VA, Perkash I . Which stoma works better for colonic dysmotility in spinal cord injured patients? Am J Surg 2003; 186: 437\u2013442.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92834-5","volume":"336","author":"PS Malone","year":"1990","unstructured":"Malone PS, Ransley PG, Kiely EM . Preliminary report: the antegrade continence enema. Lancet 1990; 336: 1217\u20131218.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)62515-1","volume":"160","author":"JMH Teichman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Teichman JMH, Harris JM, Currie DM, Barber DB . Malone antegrade continence enema for adults with neurogenic bowel disease. J Urol 1998; 160: 1278\u20131281.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)02282-3","volume":"61","author":"JMH Teichman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Teichman JMH, Zabihi N, Kraus SR, Harris JM, Barber DB . Long-term results for malone antegrade continence enema for adults with neurogenic bowel disease. Urology 2003; 61: 502\u2013506.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9401-6","volume":"51","author":"J Worsoe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Worsoe J, Christensen P, Krogh K, Buntzen S, Laurberg S . Long-term results of antegrade colonic enema in adult patients: assessment of functional results. Dis Colon Rectum 2008; 51: 1523\u20131528.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.37.4.499","volume":"37","author":"MJ Ford","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ford MJ, Camilleri MJ, Hanson RB, Wiste JA, Joyner MJ . Hyperventilation, central autonomic control, and colonic tone in humans. Gut 1995; 37: 499\u2013504.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022584632011","volume":"48","author":"CE Sloots","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sloots CE, Felt-Bersma RJ, Meuwissen SG, Kuipers EJ . Influence of gender, parity, and caloric load on gastrorectal response in healthy subjects: a barstat study. Dig Dis Sci 2003; 48: 516\u2013521.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2000.11753536","volume":"23","author":"A Shafik","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shafik A, El-Sibai O, Shafik IA . Physiologic basis of digital-rectal stimulation for bowel evacuation in patients with spinal cord injury: identification of an anorectal excitatory reflex. J Spinal Cord Med 2000; 23: 270\u2013275.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5781","volume":"94","author":"JC Furlan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Furlan JC, Urbach DR, Fehlings MG . Optimal treatment for severe neurogenic bowel dysfunction after chronic spinal cord injury: a decision analysis. Br J Surg 2007; 94: 1139\u20131150.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BFsc201014_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100616","volume":"36","author":"TR Han","year":"1998","unstructured":"Han TR, Kim JH, Kwon BS . Chronic gastrointestinal problems and bowel dysfunction in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 1998; 36: 485\u2013490.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"}],"container-title":["Spinal Cord"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc201014.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc201014","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc201014.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T18:18:37Z","timestamp":1684606717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc201014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,9]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsc201014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sc.2010.14","relation":{},"ISSN":["1362-4393","1476-5624"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1362-4393","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5624","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,9]]}}}