{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T07:23:05Z","timestamp":1782544985449,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,4]],"date-time":"2012-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346716800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spinal Cord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2012.102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,4]],"date-time":"2012-09-04T10:04:13Z","timestamp":1346753053000},"page":"797-802","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["International spinal cord injury musculoskeletal basic data set"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"F","family":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A S","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Curt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L A","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Jane Mulcahey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P W","family":"Nance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A M","family":"Sherwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S A","family":"Sisto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2010.178","volume":"49","author":"SL Hitzig","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hitzig SL, Eng JJ, Miller WC, Sakakibara BM . SCIRE Research Team. An evidence-based review of aging of the body systems following spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2011; 49: 684\u2013701.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2000.18216","volume":"81","author":"DA Ballinger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ballinger DA, Rintala DH, Hart KA . The relation of shoulder pain and range-of-motion problems to functional limitations, disability, and perceived health of men with spinal cord injury: A multifaceted longitudinal study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000; 81: 1575\u20131581.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101146","volume":"39","author":"DA Weitzenkamp","year":"2001","unstructured":"Weitzenkamp DA, Jones RH, Whiteneck GG, Young DA . Aging with spinal cord injury: Cross-sectional and longitudinal effects. Spinal Cord 2001; 39: 201\u2013309.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1990.tb01865.x","volume":"20","author":"F Biering-S\u00f8rensen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Bohr HH, Schaadt OP . Longitudinal study of bone mineral content in the lumbar spine, the forearm and the lower extremities after spinal cord injury. Eur J Clin Invest 1990; 20: 330\u2013335.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100100309","volume":"10","author":"DE Garland","year":"1992","unstructured":"Garland DE, Stewart CA, Adkins RH, Hu SS, Rosen C, Liotta FJ et al. Osteoporosis after spinal cord injury. J Orthop Res 1992; 10: 371\u2013378.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100648","volume":"36","author":"P Vestergaard","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vestergaard P, Krogh K, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L . Fracture rates and risk factors for fractures in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 1998; 36: 790\u2013796.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90329-5","volume":"80","author":"C Sk\u00f6ld","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sk\u00f6ld C, Levi R, Seiger A . Spasticity after traumatic spinal cord injury: nature, severity, and location. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1999; 80: 1548\u20131557.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101930","volume":"44","author":"F Biering-S\u00f8rensen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Charlifue S, DeVivo M, Noonan V, Post M, Stripling T et al. International Spinal Cord Injury Data Sets. Spinal Cord 2006; 44: 530\u2013534.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101958","volume":"44","author":"M DeVivo","year":"2006","unstructured":"DeVivo M, Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Charlifue S, Noonan V, Post M, Stripling T et al. International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set. Spinal Cord 2006; 44: 535\u2013540.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2010.90","volume":"49","author":"F Biering-S\u00f8rensen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Charlifue S, Devivo MJ, Grinnon ST, Kleitman N, Lu Y et al. Incorporation of the International Spinal Cord Injury Data Set elements into the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Common Data Elements. Spinal Cord 2010; 49: 60\u201364.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1310\/sci1801-23","volume":"18","author":"F Biering-S\u00f8rensen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Charlifue S, Devivo MJ, Grinnon ST, Kleitman N, Lu Y et al. Using the spinal cord injury common data elements. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2012; 18: 23\u201327.","journal-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200212000-00016","volume":"84-A","author":"MB Dobbs","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dobbs MB, Lenke LG, Szymanski DA, Morcuende JA, Weinstein SL, Bridwell KH et al. Prevalence of neural axis abnormalities in patients with infantile idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surgery Am 2002; 84-A: 2230\u20132234.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surgery Am"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E434","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181a2b49f","volume":"34","author":"JM Pahys","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pahys JM, Samdani AF, Betz RR . Intraspinal anomalies in infantile idiopathic scoliosis: prevalence and role of magnetic resonance imaging. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2009; 34: E434\u2013E438.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2006.03.005","volume":"14","author":"K Kotil","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kotil K, Kalayci M, Bilge T . Management of cercicomedullary compression in patients with congenital and acquired osseous-ligamentous pathologies. J Clin Neurosci 2007; 14: 540\u2013549.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32833b7a69","volume":"22","author":"MB Laederich","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laederich MB, Horton WA . Achondroplasia: pathogenesis and implications for future treatment. Curr Opin Pediatr 2010; 22: 516\u2013523.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR16","first-page":"152","volume":"107","author":"DM Benglis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Benglis DM, Sandberg DI . Acute neurological deficit after minor trauma in an infant with achondroplasia and cervicomedullary compression. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg 2007; 107: 152\u2013155.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200605000-00005","volume":"14","author":"JT Guille","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guille JT, Sarwark JF, Sherk HH, Kumar SJ . Congenital and developmental deformities of the spine in children with myelomeningocele. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2006; 14: 294\u2013302.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2007.6.3.210","volume":"6","author":"S Rajpal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rajpal S, Tubbs RS, George T, Oakes WJ, Fuchs HE, Hadley MN et al. Tethered cord due to spina bifida occulta presenting in adulthood: a tricenter review of 61 patients. J Neurosurg Spine 2007; 6: 210\u2013215.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-10-S1-S1","volume":"10","author":"AA Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez AA, Guerrero AI, Martinez MI, V\u00e1zquez ME, Fern\u00e1ndez JB, Chesa i Octavio E et al. Malformations of the craniocervical junction (Chiari type I and syringomyelia: classification, diagnosis and treatment. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2009; 10: S1.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181761543","volume":"22","author":"M Nakamura","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nakamura M, Ishii K, Watanabe K, Tsuji T, Matsumoto M, Toyama Y et al. Clinical significance and prognosis of idiopathic syringomyelia. J Spinal Disord Tech 2009; 22: 372\u2013375.","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E484","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31819211c9","volume":"34","author":"JL Kramer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kramer JL, Dvorak M, Curt A . Thoracic disc herniation in a patient with tethered cord and lumbar syringomyelia and diastematomyelia: magnetic resonance imaging and neurophysiological findings. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2009; 34: E484\u2013E487.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2001.10.1.8","volume":"10","author":"BJ Iskandar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Iskandar BJ, Fulmer BB, Hadely MN, Oakes WJ . Congenital tethered spinal cord syndrome in adults. Neurosurg Focus 2001; 10: e7.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181bfca15","volume":"35","author":"J Abbas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abbas J, Hamoud K, Masharawi YM, May H, Hay O, Medlej B et al. Ligamentum flavus thickness in normal and stenotic lumbar spines. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2010; 35: 1225\u20131230.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.3.SPINE08692","volume":"11","author":"B Yasar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yasar B, Simsek S, Er U, Yigitkanli K, Eksioglu E, Altug T et al. Functional and clinical evaluation for the surgical treatment of degenerative stenosis of the lubar spinal canal. J Neurosurg Spine 2009; 11: 347\u2013352.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e3181da3a29","volume":"16","author":"JA Tracy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tracy JA, Bartleson JD . Cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Neurologist 2010; 16: 176\u2013187.","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.5.SPINE09210","volume":"11","author":"MG Fehlings","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fehlings MG, Arvin B . Surgical management of cervical degenerative disease: the evidence related to indications, impact and outcome. J Neurosurg Spine 2009; 11: 97\u2013100.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.1.SPINE08716","volume":"11","author":"PG Matz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Matz PG, Anderson PA, Holly LT, Groff MW, Heary RF, Kaiser MG et al. The natural history of cercical spondylotic myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine 2009; 11: 104\u2013111.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.2.206","volume":"67","author":"RW Bohannon","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bohannon RW, Smith MB . Interrater reliability of a Modified Ashworth Scale of muscle spasticity. Phys Ther 1987; 67: 206\u2013207.","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3102125","volume":"46","author":"JTC Hsieh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hsieh JTC, Wolfe DL, Miller WC, Curt A and the SCIRE Research Team. Spasticity outcome measures in spinal cord injury: psychometric properties and clinical utility. Spinal Cord 2008; 46: 86\u201395.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(96)90014-3","volume":"77","author":"MM Priebe","year":"1996","unstructured":"Priebe MM, Sherwood AM, Thornby JI, Kharas NF, Markowski J . Clinical assessment of spasticity in spinal cord injury: a multidimensional problem. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996; 77: 713\u2013716.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280400014576","volume":"27","author":"AD Pandyan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pandyan AD, Gregoric M, Barnes MP, Wood D, van Wijck F, Burridge J et al. Spasticity: clinical perceptions, neurological realities and meaningful measurement. Disabil Rehabil 2005; 27: 2\u20136.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR32","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Spasticity: Disordered Motor Control","author":"JW Lance","year":"1980","unstructured":"Lance JW . Symposium synopsis. In: Feldman RG, Young RR, Koella WP (eds). Spasticity: Disordered Motor Control. Yearbook Medical: Chicago, IL. 1980 pp 17\u201324."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR33","first-page":"3306","volume-title":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering","author":"AM Sherwood","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sherwood AM, McKay WB . Assessment of spasticity and upper motor neuron dysfunction. In:. Wiley Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering, Metin Akay (ed). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, Vol. 5, 2006 pp 3306\u20133315."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR34","first-page":"540","volume":"192","author":"B Ashworth","year":"1964","unstructured":"Ashworth B . Preliminary trial of carisoprodol in multiple sclerosis. Practitioner 1964; 192: 540\u2013542.","journal-title":"Practitioner"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR35","first-page":"143","volume":"91","author":"GA Tardieu","year":"1954","unstructured":"Tardieu GA . La recherche d'une technique de mesure de la spasticit\u0117 \u2018imprime\u2019 avec le periodique. Rev Neurol 1954; 91: 143\u2013144.","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101928","volume":"44","author":"F Biering-S\u00f8rensen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Nielsen JB, Klinge K . Spasticity-assessment: a review. Spinal Cord. 2006; 44: 708\u2013722.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70193-X","volume":"6","author":"V Dietz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dietz V, Sinkjaer T . Spastic movement disorder: impaired reflex function and altered muscle mechanics. Lancet Neurol 2007; 6: 725\u2013733.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR38","first-page":"41","volume":"37","author":"AM Sherwood","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sherwood AM, Graves DE, Priebe MM . Altered motor control and spasticity after spinal cord injury: subjective and objective assessment. J Rehabil Res Dev 2000; 37: 41\u201352.","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-2028-8","volume":"17","author":"SD Jiang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jiang SD, Dai LY, Jiang LS . Osteoporosis after spinal cord injury. Osteoporos Int 2006; 17: 180\u2013192.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1310\/sci1404-1","volume":"14","author":"BC Craven","year":"2009","unstructured":"Craven BC, Robertson LA, McGillivray CF, Adachi JD . Detection and treatment of sublesional osteoporosis among patients with chronic spinal cord injury: proposed paradigms. Top Spinal Cord Rehabil 2009; 14: 1\u201322.","journal-title":"Top Spinal Cord Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR41","first-page":"199","volume":"56","author":"SL Stover","year":"1975","unstructured":"Stover SL, Hataway CJ, Zeiger HE . Heterotopic ossification in spinal cord injured patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1975; 56: 199\u2013204.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101309","volume":"40","author":"AA van Kuijk","year":"2002","unstructured":"van Kuijk AA, Geurts AC, van Kuppevelt HJ . Neurogenic heterotopic ossification in spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2002; 40: 313\u2013326.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101166","volume":"39","author":"K Banovac","year":"2001","unstructured":"Banovac K, Williams JM, Patrick LD, Haniff YM . Prevention of heterotopic ossification after spinal cord injury with indomethacin. Spinal Cord 2001; 39: 370\u2013374.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1250688","volume":"149","author":"M Citak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Citak M, Backhaus M, K\u00e4licke T, Ucher I, Aach M, Meindl R et al. Treatment of heterotopic ossification after spinal cord injury \u2013 clinical outcome after single dose radiation therapy. Z Orthop Unfall 2011; 149: 90\u201393.","journal-title":"Z Orthop Unfall"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR45","first-page":"22","volume":"14","author":"D Fergusson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fergusson D, Hutton B, Drodge A . The epidemiology of major joint contractures: a systematic review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2006; 14: 22\u201329.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2002.11753611","volume":"25","author":"L Vogel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vogel L, Krajci K, Anderson C . Adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: part 2: musculoskeletal and neurological complications. J Spinal Cord Med 2002; 25: 117\u2013123.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eriks-Hoogland I, de Groot S, Post M, van der Woude L . Passive shoulder range of motion in people with spinal cord injury during and one year after rehabilitation. In:. Proceedings on the International Spinal Cord Society Annual Scientific Meeting, 2008 Durban:58.","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0355"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2012.25","volume":"50","author":"J Diong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Diong J, Harvey LA, Kwah LK, Eyles J, Ling MJ, Ben M et al. Incidence and prediction of contracture after spinal cord injury: a prospective cohort study. Spinal Cord 2012; 50: 579\u2013584.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280010029930","volume":"23","author":"SE Farmer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Farmer SE, James M . Contractures in orthopaedic and neurological conditions: a review of causes and treatment. Disabil Rehabil 2001; 23: 549\u2013558.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR50","volume-title":"Skeletal Muscle Structure, Function, and Plasticity","author":"R Lieber","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lieber R . Skeletal Muscle Structure, Function, and Plasticity. Lippincott Williams & Wilk, Philadelphia, USA. 2009."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101241","volume":"40","author":"LA Harvey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Harvey LA, Herbert RD . Muscle stretching for treatment and prevention of contracture in people with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2002; 40: 1\u20139.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S1836-9553(10)70049-7","volume":"56","author":"RJ van de Pol","year":"2010","unstructured":"van de Pol RJ, van Trijffel E, Lucas C . Inter-rater reliability for measurement of passive physiological range of motion of upper extremity joints is better if instruments are used: a systematic review. Aust J Physiother 2010; 56: 7\u201317.","journal-title":"Aust J Physiother"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR53","first-page":"110","volume-title":"The Model Spinal Cord Injury Systems\u2032 Data Collection Syllabus for the National Spinal Cord Injury Database","author":"NSCIS Center","year":"1990","unstructured":"Center NSCIS . The Model Spinal Cord Injury Systems\u2032 Data Collection Syllabus for the National Spinal Cord Injury Database. University of Alabama at Birmingham: Birmingham, AL. 1990, 110\u2013230."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR54","unstructured":"Apple D, Cody R, Allen A . Overuse syndrome of the upper limb in people with spinal cord injury. In: Apple DF (ed) Physical Fitness: a guide for individuals with spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev 1996, 97\u2013108 Chapter 5."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2004.11753724","volume":"27","author":"T Dyson-Hudson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dyson-Hudson T, Kirshblum S . Shoulder pain in chronic spinal cord injury, Part I: epidemiology, etiology and pathomechanics. J Spinal Cord Inj Med 2004; 27: 4\u201317.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Inj Med"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100608","volume":"36","author":"S Lal","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lal S . Premature degenerative shoulder changes in spinal cord injury patients. Spinal Cord 1998; 36: 186\u2013189.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101826","volume":"44","author":"S van Drongelen","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Drongelen S, de Groot S, Veeger HE, Angenot EL, Dallmeijer AJ, Post MW et al. Upper extremity musculoskeletal pain during and after rehabilitation in wheelchair-using persons with a spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2006; 44: 152\u2013159.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR58","first-page":"211","volume":"32","author":"WE Pentland","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pentland WE, Twomey LT . Upper limb function in persons with long term paraplegia and implications for independence: Part I. Paraplegia 1994; 32: 211\u2013218.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2010.05.004","volume":"2","author":"NB Jain","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jain NB, Higgins LD, Katz JN, Garshick E . Association of shoulder pain with the use of mobiity devices in persons with chronic spinal cord injury. PM R 2010; 2: 896\u2013900.","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR60","unstructured":"Boninger M, Cooper R, Fay B . Musculoskeletal pain and overuse injuries. In: Lin V, Cardinas DD, Koontz A (eds). Spinal Cord Medicine: Principles and Practice 2003, 527\u2013534."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199803000-00005","volume":"77","author":"J Mukand","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mukand J, Sniger W, Kaufman J, Biener-Bergman S . Common causes of knee efusions in spinal cord injury. A random study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1998; 77: 113\u2013117.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Terminology committee of the Scoliosis Research Society: A glossary of scoliosis terms. Spine 1976; 1: 57\u201358.","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-197603000-00008"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-198408000-00013","volume":"4","author":"JC Brown","year":"1984","unstructured":"Brown JC, Swank SM, Matta J, Barras DM . Late spinal deformity in quadriplegic children. J Pediatr Orthop 1984; 4: 456\u2013461.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197510000-00014","volume":"112","author":"J Campbell","year":"1975","unstructured":"Campbell J, Bonnett C . Spinal cord injury in children. Clin Orthop 1975; 112: 114\u2013123.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199003000-00016","volume":"10","author":"WW Dearolf","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dearolf WW, Betz RR, Vogel LC et al. Scoliosis is pediatric spinal-cord injured patients. J Pediatr Orthop 1990; 10: 214\u2013218.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198163010-00006","volume":"63","author":"JE Lancourt","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lancourt JE, Dickson JH, Carter RE . Paralytic spinal deformity following traumatic spinal cord injury in children and adolescents. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1981; 63: 47\u201353.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198163090-00006","volume":"63","author":"JK Mayfield","year":"1981","unstructured":"Mayfield JK, Erkkila JC, Winter RB . Spine deformity subsequent to acquired childhood spinal cord injury. J Bone Joint Surgery Am 1981; 63: 1401\u20131411.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surgery Am"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR68","first-page":"851","volume-title":"Spinal Cord Medicine Textbook","author":"LC Vogel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vogel LC, Betz RR, Mulcahey MJ . Pediatric spinal cord disorders in children and adolescents. In: Lin V (ed).. Spinal Cord Medicine Textbook. Demos: New York. 2003, 851\u2013884."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR69","first-page":"363","volume-title":"The Child with Spinal Cord injury","author":"J Lubicky","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lubicky J, Betz R . Spinal deformity in children and adolescents with spinal cord injury. In: Betz RR, Mulcahey MJ (eds). The Child with Spinal Cord injury. American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons: Rosemont, IL. 1996 pp 363\u2013370 Chapter 32."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR70","first-page":"13","volume":"71","author":"J Lord","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lord J, Behrman B, Varzos N, Cooper D, Lieberman JS, Fowler WM . Scoliosis associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1990; 71: 13\u201317.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR71","volume-title":"The Pediatric Spine","author":"MJ Mulcahey","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mulcahey MJ, Betz RR . Pediatric spinal cord injury rehabilitation, Ch 66. In:. The Pediatric Spine 3rd edn. Thieme: New York. 2008."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR72","volume-title":"Spinal Deformity Study Group Radiographic Measurement Manual","author":"MF O\u2019Brien","year":"2005","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien MF . Spinal Deformity Study Group Radiographic Measurement Manual. Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc, Memphis, TN, USA. 2005."},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000257524.23074.ed","volume":"32","author":"MC Gupta","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gupta MC, Wijesekera S, Sossan A, Martin L, Vogel LC, Boakes JL et al. Reliability of radiographic parameters in neuromuscular scoliosis. Spine 2007; 32: 691\u2013695.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.75459","volume":"2","author":"M Benzagmout","year":"2011","unstructured":"Benzagmout M, Boujraf S, Chakour K, Chaoui Mel F . Pott's disease in children. Surg Neurol Int 2011; 2: 1.","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101366","volume":"41","author":"MS Moon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Moon MS, Moon JL, Moon YW, Kim SS, Kim SS, Sun DH et al. Pott's paraplegia in patients with severely deformed dorsal or dorsolumbar spines: treatment and prognosis. Spinal Cord 2003; 41: 164\u2013171.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.07.312","volume":"87","author":"HE Lechner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lechner HE, Frotzler A, Eser P . Relationship between self- and clinically rated spasticity in spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 87: 15\u201319.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"BFsc2012102_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2010.153","volume":"49","author":"F Biering-S\u00f8rensen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Alexander MS, Burns S, Charlifue S, Devivo M, Dietz V et al. Recommendations for translation and reliability testing of international spinal cord injury data sets. Spinal Cord 2011; 49: 357\u2013360.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"}],"container-title":["Spinal Cord"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc2012102.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc2012102","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc2012102.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T22:22:22Z","timestamp":1684621342000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/sc2012102"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,4]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsc2012102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sc.2012.102","relation":{},"ISSN":["1362-4393","1476-5624"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1362-4393","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5624","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,4]]}}}