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Isoniazid, FG 7142, and foot shock also each increased the concentrations of the AP precursors, pregnenolone and progesterone, in both brain and plasma of handling\u2010habituated rats, whereas handling in naive rats increased the concentrations of these steroids only in brain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Pretreatment of handling\u2010habituated rats with the anxiolytic \u03b2\u2010carboline derivative abecarnil, a positive allosteric modulator of GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> receptors, which <jats:italic>per se<\/jats:italic> failed to affect the AP concentration in brain or plasma, prevented the increase in brain and plasma AP induced by foot shock or isoniazid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In adrenalectomized and castrated rats foot shock or isoniazid failed to increase AP both in brain cortex and plasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These observations indicate that inhibition of GABAergic transmission, induced by foot shock or pharmacological manipulations, results in an increase in the concentrations of AP in brain and plasma, possibly via a modulation of hypothalamic\u2010pituitary\u2010adrenal (HPA) axis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Given that AP enhances GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> receptor function with high efficacy and potency, an increase in brain AP concentration may be important in the fine tuning of the GABA\u2010mediated inhibitory transmission in the central nervous system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (1997) <jats:bold>120<\/jats:bold>, 1582\u20131588; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701046\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701046<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,25]],"date-time":"2006-08-25T17:06:03Z","timestamp":1156525563000},"page":"1582-1588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":158,"title":["The effects of inhibitors of GABAergic transmission and stress on brain and plasma allopregnanolone concentrations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"M. 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