{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:33:47Z","timestamp":1791398027825,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,11]],"date-time":"2009-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1234310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4151,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Modulation of presynaptic voltage\u2010dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) by muscarinic receptors at the CA3\u2013CA1 synapse of rat hippocampal slices was investigated by using the calcium indicator fura\u20102. Stimulation\u2010evoked presynaptic calcium transients ([Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub>) and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fe.p.s.ps) were simultaneously recorded. The relationship between presynaptic calcium influx and synaptic transmission was studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Activation of muscarinic receptors inhibited [Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub>, thereby reducing synaptic transmission. Carbachol (CCh, 10\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) inhibited [Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> by 35% and reduced fe.p.s.p. by 85%. The inhibition was completely antagonized by 1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc> atropine. An approximate 4<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> power relationship was found between presynaptic calcium influx and postsynaptic responses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Application of the N\u2010type VDCC\u2010blocking peptide toxin \u03c9\u2010conotoxin GVIA (\u03c9\u2010CTx GVIA, 1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) inhibited [Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> and fe.p.s.ps by 21% and 49%, respectively, while the P\/Q\u2010type VDCC blocker \u03c9\u2010agatoxin IVA (\u03c9\u2010Aga IVA, 1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) reduced [Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> and fe.p.s.ps by 35% and 85%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Muscarinic receptor activation differentially inhibited distinct presynaptic VDCCs. \u03c9\u2010CTx GVIA\u2010sensitive calcium channels were inhibited by muscarinic receptors, while \u03c9\u2010Aga IVA\u2010sensitive channels were not. The percentage inhibition of \u03c9\u2010CTx GVIA\u2010sensitive [Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> was about 63%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Muscarinic receptors inhibited presynaptic VDCCs in a way similar to adenosine (Ad) receptors. The percentage inhibition of \u03c9\u2010CTx GVIA\u2010sensitive [Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> by Ad (100\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) was about 59%. There was no significant inhibition of \u03c9\u2010Aga IVA\u2010sensitive channels by Ad. The inhibitions of [Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> by CCh and Ad were mutually occlusive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These results indicate that inhibition of synaptic transmission by muscarinic receptors is mainly the consequence of a reduction of the [Ca<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> due to inhibition of presynaptic VDCCs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (1997) <jats:bold>122<\/jats:bold>, 511\u2013519; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701400\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701400<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,28]],"date-time":"2005-01-28T19:14:02Z","timestamp":1106939642000},"page":"511-519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Presynaptic inhibition of synaptic transmission in the rat hippocampus by activation of muscarinic receptors: involvement of presynaptic calcium influx"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Saggau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1986.sp016347"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90111-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/383431a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-05-01623.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1967.sp008367"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.74.1.43","article-title":"Calcium channel involvement in GABAB receptor\u2010mediated inhibition of GABA release in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus","volume":"74","author":"Doze V.A.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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