{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T14:11:19Z","timestamp":1758636679857},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3650,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Brown snake (<jats:italic>Pseudonaja<\/jats:italic>) venom has been reported to produce \u2018irreversible\u2019 post synaptic neurotoxicity (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#b11\"><jats:sup>Harris &amp; Maltin, 1981<\/jats:sup><\/jats:ext-link>; <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#b2\"><jats:sup>Barnett <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>., 1980<\/jats:sup><\/jats:ext-link>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>A murine phrenic nerve\/diaphragm preparation was used to study the neurotoxic effects of this venom and pre\u2010 and post\u2010synaptic components were distinguished by varying the temperature and frequency of nerve stimulation. There were no myotoxic effects and the neurotoxicity proved irreversible by washing alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The effects of a new Fab based ovine antivenom have been investigated and proved able to produce a complete, rapid (&lt;1\u2003h) reversal of the neurotoxicity induced by Brown snake venom. A reversal was also possible when the antivenom addition was delayed for a further 60\u2003min.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We believe that this is the first time such a reversal has been shown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (1999) <jats:bold>126<\/jats:bold>, 581\u2013584; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702286\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702286<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,28]],"date-time":"2005-01-28T19:41:09Z","timestamp":1106941269000},"page":"581-584","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The effects of specific antibody fragments on the \u2018irreversible\u2019 neurotoxicity induced by Brown snake (<i>Pseudonaja<\/i>) venom"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"R G A","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Landon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"240","article-title":"Pre\u2010 and post synaptic neurotoxins in the venom of the common brown snake (Pseudonaja t.textilis)","volume":"10","author":"BARNETT D.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. 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