{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T22:09:16Z","timestamp":1758924556621},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3164,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The smooth muscle relaxant responses to the mixed \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010, putative \u03b2<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor agonist, (\u2212)\u2010CGP 12177 in rat colon are partially resistant to blockade by the \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor antagonist SR59230A suggesting involvement of \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010 and putative \u03b2<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptors. We now investigated the function of the putative \u03b2<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor and other \u03b2\u2010adrenoceptor subtypes in the colon, oesophagus and ureter of wildtype (WT) and \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor knockout (\u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>KO) mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>(\u2212)\u2010Noradrenaline and (\u2212)\u2010adrenaline relaxed KCl (30\u2003m<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>)\u2010precontracted colon mostly through \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010and \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptors to a similar extent and to a minor extent through \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptors. In colon from \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>KO mice, (\u2212)\u2010noradrenaline was as potent as in WT mice but the effects were mediated entirely through \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptors. (\u2212)\u2010CGP 12177 relaxed colon from \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>KO mice with 2 fold greater potency than in WT mice. The maintenance of potency for (\u2212)\u2010noradrenaline and increase for (\u2212)\u2010CGP 12177 indicate compensatory increases in \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010 and putative \u03b2<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor function in \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>KO mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In oesophagi precontracted with 1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc> carbachol, (\u2212)\u2010noradrenaline caused relaxation mainly through \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010and \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptors. (\u2212)\u2010CGP 12177 (2\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) relaxed oesophagi from WT by 61.4\u00b15.1% and \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>KO by 67.3\u00b110.1% of the (\u2212)\u2010isoprenaline\u2010evoked relaxation, consistent with mediation through putative \u03b2<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In ureter, (\u2212)\u2010CGP 12177 (2\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) reduced pacemaker activity by 31.1\u00b12.3% in WT and 31.3\u00b17.5% in \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>KO, consistent with mediation through putative \u03b2<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Relaxation of mouse colon and oesophagus by catecholamines are mediated through \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010 and \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptors in WT. The putative \u03b2<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor, which presumably is an atypical state of the \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor, mediates the effects of (\u2212)\u2010CGP 12177 in colon, oesophagus and ureter.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2000) <jats:bold>130<\/jats:bold>, 747\u2013758; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703365\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703365<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,28]],"date-time":"2005-01-28T21:14:42Z","timestamp":1106946882000},"page":"747-758","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Contribution of \u03b2\u2010adrenoceptor subtypes to relaxation of colon and oesophagus and pacemaker activity of ureter in wildtype and \u03b2<sub>3<\/sub>\u2010adrenoceptor knockout mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Jaap","family":"Oostendorp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Preitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Moffatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Paul","family":"Giacobino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Molenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto Julio","family":"Kaumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.2610130604"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1959.tb00928.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-198305000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13830.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002109900075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701523"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00498852"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00505816"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Cardiac \u03b2\u2010adrenoceptors. 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