{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T04:04:35Z","timestamp":1767845075964,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3134,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Using fura\u2010PE3 fluorimetry and \u03b1\u2010toxin permeabilization, the characteristics of the contractile responses to neurokinin A (NKA) were determined in the pregnant rat myometrium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>NKA induced contractions in rat myometrium in a concentration\u2010dependent manner. There were no significant differences in the maximum contractions and EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values between the pregnant and non\u2010pregnant myometrium, however, the contraction of only the former was greatly enhanced in the presence of phosphoramidon (PPAD), an endopeptidase inhibitor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In the pregnant myometrium, NKA induced sustained increases in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> and tension in normal physiological saline solution, while only small transient increases in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> and tension were observed in Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010free solution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Both diltiazem (10\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) and SK\u2010F 96365 (10\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) significantly inhibited the NKA\u2010induced elevations of [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> and tension. The effects were additive when these drugs were used together.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>NKA induced a significant leftward shift of the [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\u2010tension curve obtained by changing the external Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> (0\u20132.5\u2003m<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) during depolarization with high K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> solution. This Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010sensitizing effect by NKA was also observed in the \u03b1\u2010toxin permeabilized myometrium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These results indicated that in the pregnant rat myometrium: (1) the responsiveness to NKA increased, although it was masked by the increase in the endopeptidase activity; (2) NKA induced contractions of the myometrium by increasing both [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> and the myofilament Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> sensitivity and (3) The NKA\u2010induced [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> elevation was partly due to the intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release and mainly due to the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> influx, which was thought to be through both voltage dependent calcium channels and non\u2010specification channels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2000) <jats:bold>130<\/jats:bold>, 1165\u20131173; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703410\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703410<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,28]],"date-time":"2005-01-28T21:15:45Z","timestamp":1106946945000},"page":"1165-1173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mechanisms underlying the neurokinin A\u2010induced contraction of the pregnant rat myometrium"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Yoshinobu","family":"Shintani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naohisa","family":"Niiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoo","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Kanaide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1978.235.3.C97"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)01229-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4179(98)90063-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.1999.03119.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(93)90098-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(85)90050-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(87)90061-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70275-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(95)00089-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-250-3:269"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)85416-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701613"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2710515"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(88)80303-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1993.73.2.229"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0575-0_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240450414"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(93)90025-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"551","article-title":"Receptors and antagonists for substance P and related peptides","volume":"46","author":"REGOLI D.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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