{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:38:43Z","timestamp":1773290323965,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3072,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>This study made use of a nitric oxide\u2010sensitive electrode to examine possible means of generating nitric oxide from nitroxyl anion (NO<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) released upon the decomposition of Angeli's salt.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Our results show that copper ions (from CuSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) catalyze the rapid and efficient oxidation of nitroxyl to nitric oxide. Indeed, the concentrations of copper required to do so (0.1\u2013100\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) are roughly 100\u2010times lower than those required to generate equivalent amounts of nitric oxide from S\u2010nitroso\u2010N\u2010acetyl\u2010<jats:sc>D<\/jats:sc>,<jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010penicillamine (SNAP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Experiments with ascorbate (1\u2003m<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>), which reduces Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ions to Cu<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and with the Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> chelators, EDTA and cuprizone, and the Cu<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> chelator, neocuproine, each at 1\u2003m<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>, suggest that the oxidation is catalyzed by copper ions in both valency states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Some compounds containing other transition metals, i.e. methaemoglobin, ferricytochrome c and Mn(III)TMPyP, were much less efficient than CuSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> in catalyzing the formation of nitric oxide from nitroxyl, while FeSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, FeCl<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, MnCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and ZnSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> were inactive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Of the copper containing enzymes examined, Cu\u2010Zn superoxide dismutase and ceruloplasmin were weak generators of nitric oxide from nitroxyl, even at concentrations (2500 and 30\u2003u\u2003ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, respectively) vastly greater than are present endogenously. Two others, ascorbate oxidase (10\u2003u\u2003ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and tyrosinase (250\u2003u\u2003ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) were inactive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Our findings suggest that a copper\u2010containing enzyme may be responsible for the rapid oxidation of nitroxyl to nitric oxide by cells, but the identity of such an enzyme remains elusive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2000) <jats:bold>131<\/jats:bold>, 356\u2013362; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703550\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703550<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,28]],"date-time":"2005-01-28T20:51:55Z","timestamp":1106945515000},"page":"356-362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Oxidation of nitroxyl anion to nitric oxide by copper ions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Nelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hillen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kansu","family":"Buyukafsar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701218"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1995.1231"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3150295"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.2.682"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/p29960000481"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(96)00078-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31540-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"546","article-title":"The pharmacological activity of nitroxyl: a potent vasodilator with activity similar to nitric oxide and\/or endothelium\u2010derived relaxing factor","volume":"263","author":"FUKUTO J.M.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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