{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T18:33:10Z","timestamp":1715538790629},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3042,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Correolide (1\u201310\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>), a nortriterpene purified from <jats:italic>Spachea correae<\/jats:italic> and a selective blocker of Kv1 potassium channels, elicits repetitive twitching in guinea\u2010pig ileum. This effect is not seen in guinea\u2010pig duodenum, portal vein, urinary bladder or uterine strips, nor in rat or mouse ileum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The time course and amplitude of the correolide\u2010induced twitches in guinea\u2010pig ileum are similar to those elicited by electrical stimulation of the enteric nervous system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The correolide\u2010induced twitching is not affected by pre\u2010treatment with capsaicin (1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>), but is facilitated by the NO synthase inhibitor, N<jats:sup>G<\/jats:sup>\u2010nitro\u2010<jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010arginine methyl esther (<jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010NAME, 200\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The correolide\u2010induced twitching is abolished by tetrodotoxin (1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) or hexamethonium (100\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>), and is markedly inhibited by nifedipine (0.3\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) or atropine (0.2\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>). The atropine\u2010resistant component is inhibited by selective antagonists of NK1 and NK2 tachykinin receptors, namely GR 82334 and GR 94800 (1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc> each). The former compound is more effective in inhibiting the correolide\u2010induced, atropine\u2010resistant activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Correolide intensified the twitching of ileum segments exposed to saturating concentrations of margatoxin (MgTX), which suggests that Kv1 sub\u2010types other than Kv1.1 (Kv1.4 or Kv1.5) are involved in the relatively greater degree of stimulation of the enteric nervous system by correolide, as compared to MgTX.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We propose that blockade of Kv1 channels by correolide increases the excitability of intramural nerve plexuses promoting release of acetylcholine and tachykinins from excitatory motor neurons. This, in turn, leads to Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent action potentials and twitching of the muscle fibres.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2000) <jats:bold>131<\/jats:bold>, 772\u2013778; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703620\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703620<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,28]],"date-time":"2005-01-28T20:58:37Z","timestamp":1106945917000},"page":"772-778","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Correolide, a nor\u2010triterpenoid blocker of <i>Shaker<\/i>\u2010type Kv1 channels elicits twitches in guinea\u2010pig ileum by stimulating the enteric nervous system and enhancing neurotransmitter release"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Rosane","family":"Vianna\u2010Jorge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cyntia Ferreira","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria L","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory J","family":"Kaczorowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Suarez\u2010Kurtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"BAKER R.K. 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