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For this reason, the effect of opioid receptor\u2003\u2013\u2003selective agonists and antagonists on intestinal peristalsis was studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Peristalsis in isolated segments of the guinea\u2010pig small intestine was triggered by a rise of the intraluminal pressure and recorded <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> the intraluminal pressure changes associated with the peristaltic waves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>\u03bc\u2010Opioid receptor agonists (DAMGO, morphine), \u03ba\u2010opioid receptor agonists (ICI\u2010204,448 and BRL\u201052,537) and a \u03b4\u2010opioid receptor agonist (SNC\u201080) inhibited peristalsis in a concentration\u2010related manner as deduced from a rise of the peristaltic pressure threshold (PPT) and a diminution of peristaltic effectiveness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Experiments with the \u03b4\u2010opioid receptor antagonists naltrindole (30\u2003n<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) and HS\u2010378 (1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>), the \u03ba\u2010opioid receptor antagonist nor\u2010binaltorphimine (30\u2003n<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) and the \u03bc\u2010opioid receptor antagonist cyprodime (10\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) revealed that the antiperistaltic effect of ICI\u2010204,448 and BRL\u201052,537 was mediated by \u03ba\u2010opioid receptors and that of morphine and DAMGO by \u03bc\u2010opioid receptors. In contrast, the peristaltic motor inhibition caused by SNC\u201080 was unrelated to \u03b4\u2010opioid receptor activation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Cyprodime and nor\u2010binaltorphimine, but not naltrindole and HS\u2010378, were <jats:italic>per se<\/jats:italic> able to stimulate intestinal peristalsis as deduced from a decrease in PPT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The results show that the neural circuits controlling peristalsis in the guinea\u2010pig small intestine are inhibited by endogenous and exogenous opioids acting <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\u03bc\u2010 and \u03ba\u2010, but not \u03b4\u2010, opioid receptors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2002) <jats:bold>135<\/jats:bold>, 741\u2013750; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704527\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704527<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,28]],"date-time":"2005-01-28T21:43:10Z","timestamp":1106948590000},"page":"741-750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Involvement of <i>\u03bc<\/i>\u2010 and <i>\u03ba<\/i>\u2010, but not <i>\u03b4<\/i>\u2010, opioid receptors in the peristaltic motor depression caused by endogenous and exogenous opioids in the guinea\u2010pig intestine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Anaid","family":"Shahbazian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akos","family":"Heinemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Schmidhammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eckhard","family":"Beubler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Holzer\u2010Petsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Holzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(00)01355-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/npep.1999.0789"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90723-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(92)90345-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"359","article-title":"SNC 80, a selective, nonpeptidic and systemically active opioid delta agonist","volume":"273","author":"BILSKY E.J","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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