{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:05:35Z","timestamp":1790859935728,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2100,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The effect of chronic intestinal inflammation on the purinergic modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission was studied in the mouse ileum. Chronic intestinal inflammation was induced by infection of mice with the parasite <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> during 16 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> infection induced a chronic inflammatory response in the small intestine, which was characterised by intestinal granuloma formation, increased intestinal wall thickness, blunted mucosal villi and an enhanced activity of myeloperoxidase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In <jats:italic>control ileum<\/jats:italic> and in <jats:italic>chronically inflamed ileum<\/jats:italic>, electrical field stimulation (EFS) of longitudinal muscle strips induced frequency\u2010dependent contractions that were abolished by tetrodotoxin (TTX) and atropine. Carbachol induced dose\u2010dependent contractions that were not affected by TTX but abolished by atropine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In <jats:italic>control ileum<\/jats:italic>, adenosine and ATP dose\u2010dependently inhibited the contractions to EFS. Theophylline and 8\u2010phenyltheophylline, P<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> receptor antagonists respectively, prevented this inhibitory effect of adenosine and ATP. PPADS, DMPX and MRS 1220, antagonists of P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, A<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> receptors, respectively, did not prevent this inhibitory effect of adenosine and ATP. Adenosine and ATP did not affect the contractions to carbachol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The inhibitory effect of adenosine and ATP on contractions to EFS in <jats:italic>control ileum<\/jats:italic> was mimicked by the stable adenosine analogue methyladenosine and by the A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010receptor agonist <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>(6)\u2010cyclohexyladenosine, but not by the A3 receptor agonist 2\u2010Cl IB\u2010MECA or by the ATP analogues <jats:italic>\u03b1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010methylene\u2010ATP and ADP<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>S. The inhibitory effect of adenosine on contractions to EFS was lost after prolonged (90 min) treatment of <jats:italic>control ileum<\/jats:italic> with methyladenosine (100 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In <jats:italic>chronically inflamed ileum<\/jats:italic>, adenosine, methyladenosine, <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>(6)\u2010cyclohexyladenosine and ATP all failed to inhibit the cholinergic nerve\u2010mediated contractions to EFS. Also theophylline, 8\u2010phenyltheophylline, PPADS, DMPX and MRS 1220 had no effect on the contractions to EFS and carbachol. The loss of effect of adenosine and ATP was still evident after 52 weeks of infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These results indicate that in physiological conditions neuronal adenosine A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> receptors modulate cholinergic nerve activity in the mouse ileum. However, during chronic intestinal inflammation, this purinergic modulation of cholinergic nerve activity is impaired. This suggests that chronic intestinal inflammation leads to a dysfunction of specific neuronal regulatory mechanisms in the enteric nervous system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2003) <jats:bold>139<\/jats:bold>, 172\u2013184. doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705218\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705218<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,13]],"date-time":"2003-05-13T20:08:44Z","timestamp":1052856524000},"page":"172-184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Alteration of the purinergic modulation of enteric neurotransmission in the mouse ileum during chronic intestinal inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Joris G","family":"De Man","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom C","family":"Seerden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedicte Y","family":"De Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A","family":"Van Marck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold G","family":"Herman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul A","family":"Pelckmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(02)00042-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(01)00273-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701350"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.2000.00219.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00261442","article-title":"Evaluation of P2\u2010purinoceptor antagonists at two relaxation\u2010mediating P2\u2010purinoceptors in guinea\u2010pig taenia coli","volume":"353","author":"BULTMANN R.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. 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