{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:14:23Z","timestamp":1762100063291},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2100,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Phorbol ester decreases muscle tension in the rat myometrium, and the effect is more potent in late\u2010pregnant myometrium than in nonpregnant myometrium. In the present study, we have examined the contribution of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms to the phorbol ester\u2010induced inhibition of tension in rat uterine smooth muscle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Thymeleatoxin (THX), a selective activator of conventional\u2010type PKC (cPKC), and 12\u2010deoxyphorbol 13\u2010isobutyrate (DPB), an activator of pan PKC, inhibited the tension induced by high K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and inhibitions were significantly increased in pregnant myometrium compared to nonpregnant myometrium. The inhibition by DPB and THX of high K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010induced tension was significantly attenuated when PKC was downregulated by long\u2010term pretreatment with THX and inhibited by Go6976, a cPKC inhibitor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Of the cPKCs, PKC<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> is predominantly expressed in the rat myometrium, as detected by Western blot analysis. The expression of PKC<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> gradually increases from the beginning of gestation, reaching a maximum at day 21 of pregnancy. Treatment with DPB induced PKC<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> to translocate from the cytosol to the membrane in the pregnant myometrium. PKC<jats:italic>\u025b<\/jats:italic> and PKC<jats:italic>\u03b6<\/jats:italic>, other dominant PKC isoforms in the rat myometrium, decrease during gestation, reaching a minimum in late pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These results suggest that cPKC may be at least partly involved in the PKC\u2010mediated inhibition of muscle tension in the rat myometrium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2003) <jats:bold>139<\/jats:bold>, 408\u2013414. doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705237\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705237<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,27]],"date-time":"2003-05-27T20:21:00Z","timestamp":1054066860000},"page":"408-414","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Conventional\u2010type protein kinase C contributes to phorbol ester\u2010induced inhibition of rat myometrial tension"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Bokyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoon\u2010Sun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiyun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junghwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SungIl","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyung\u2010Jong","family":"Won","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Karaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang\u2010Mok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31215"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.280.5.L888"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod59.1.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod66.1.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod63.5.1567"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)48182-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.37.2.561"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2700375"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1992.262.5.C1211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)01515-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)91397-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1992.263.3.C714"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.72.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-5576(99)00035-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1994.267.4.C980"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)98335-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(99)00138-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.139.11.4598"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13558.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.9.7.7737456"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15374.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod50.4.855"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1996.270.2.E203"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(96)00525-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"497","article-title":"Myosin phosphorylation\u2010independent contraction induced by phorbol ester in vascular smooth muscle","volume":"261","author":"SATO K.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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