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In contrast, the ET<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub> receptor antagonist BQ\u2010788 (1 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>), ryanodine (1 &amp; 20 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>), pertussis toxin (PTx) or Cs<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> had no significant actions on vasomotion or the magnitude of increase in tonic [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>ET\u20101\u2010induced vasospasm was accompanied by a transient increase in smooth muscle [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> followed by a sustained plateau, an action that was abolished by removal of extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, but only marginally inhibited by nifedipine (1 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Caffeine (10 m<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>), SKF 96165 (30 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) or U73122 (5 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) together with nifedipine (1 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) abolished ET\u20101\u2010induced vasospasm and increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These results indicate that ET\u20101 increases lymphatic vasomotion by acting on smooth muscle ET<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> receptors and activation of G\u2010protein\u2010PLC\u2010IP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> cascade, which is known to cause pacemaker Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release and resultant pacemaker potentials. High concentrations of ET\u20101 cause a failure in Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> homeostasis causing vasospasm, triggered by excessive Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> influx primarily through store\u2010operated channels (SOCs) with <jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> voltage\u2010operated channels (VOCs) also contributing, but to a much lesser extent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2003) <jats:bold>140<\/jats:bold>, 1399\u20131413. doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705573\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705573<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,10]],"date-time":"2003-12-10T20:40:28Z","timestamp":1071088828000},"page":"1399-1413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["ET\u20101\u2010associated vasomotion and vasospasm in lymphatic vessels of the guinea\u2010pig mesentery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk F","family":"Van Helden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(90)90066-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361315a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/351751a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"756","article-title":"Selective inhibition of receptor\u2010coupled phospholipase C\u2010dependent processes in human platelets and polymorphonuclear neutrophils","volume":"255","author":"BLEASDALE J.E.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. 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